23JSSS2015FAandZpaddyrice

See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: ash and zeolite amendments increase soilnutrient retention but decrease paddy ricegrowth in a low fertility soilARTICLE in JOURNAL OF SOILS AND SEDIMENTS · OCTOBER 2015Impact Factor: 2.14 · DOI: 10.1007/s11368-015-1294-0READS116 AUTHORS, INCLUDING:Sang-Sun LimChonnam National University40 PUBLICATIONS 198 CITATIONS SEE PROFILEJin-Hyeob KwakUniversity of Alberta30 PUBLICATIONS 154 CITATIONS SEE PROFILEWoo-Jung ChoiChonnam National University92 PUBLICATIONS 981 CITATIONS SEE PROFILEAll in-text references underlined in blue are linked to publications on ResearchGate,letting you access and read them immediately.Available from: Jin-Hyeob KwakRetrieved on: 20 December 2015SOILS,SEC1•SOILORGANICMATTERDYNAMICSANDNUTRIENTCYCLING•RESEARCHARTICLEFlyashandzeoliteamendmentsincreasesoilnutrientretentionbutdecreasepaddyricegrowthinalowfertilitysoilSang-SunLim1,2&Dong-SukLee1&Jin-HyeobKwak1,2&Hyun-JinPark1&Han-YongKim3&Woo-JungChoi1Received:10August2015/Accepted:20October2015#Springer-VerlagBerlinHeidelberg2015AbstractPurposeFlyash(FA)andzeolite(Z)areknowntoincreasenutrientretentioninpaddysoilsthroughtheimmobilizationofphosphorus(P)byFAandnitrogen(N)byZ.However,thereisapossibilitythattheco-applicationoftheamendmentsmayhamperricegrowthduetoreducedavailabilityofthenutri-ents.Thisstudywasconductedtoinvestigatetheeffectsoftheco-applicationofFAandZonsoilNandPavailabilityandricegrowth.MaterialsandmethodsRicewascultivatedinsoilswithouttheamendment(control)andwiththeamendment:FAalone,Zalone,andbothFAandZ.Tillernumber,drymatter(DM),riceuptakeofNandP,andsoilNandPconcentrationsweredetermined.ResultsanddiscussionTheapplicationofFAandZincreasedNandPconcentrationsinthesoils;however,suchincreasednutrientretentiondidnottranslatetoDMincreases.Resultssuggestedthatreducedmobilityofnutrientshamperedtiller-ingintheearlygrowthperiod,eventuallyleadingtoareduc-tioninDMaccumulationattheharvest.DuetothenutrientlimitationcausedbyFAandZ,thericegrownwithbothFAandZdidnotsurviveattheharvest.ConclusionsOurstudyshowsthattheapplicationofFAandZdoesnotalwaysimprovericegrowthduetonutrientlimita-tion,especiallyinalowfertilitysoil.Furthermore,theco-applicationofFAandZshouldbeavoided,asthenegativeimpactofFAorZonnutrientlimitationbecamemoreseverewhenFAandZwereco-amended.KeywordsImmobilization.Nitrogen.Phosphorus.Soilamendment.Sorption1IntroductionFlyash(FA)andnaturalzeolite(Z)areconsideredtobeef-fectivesoilamendmentsthatincreasenutrientretentionandthusprovideplantsmoreopportunitytoabsorbnutrients,spe-cificallyphosphorus(P)byFA(Leeetal.2007a)andnitrogen(N)byZ(SepaskhahandYousefi2007).Flyash,aresidueofcoalcombustioninpowerplants,isanamorphousferroaluminosilicateenrichedwithoxidesofaluminum(Al),iron(Fe),andcalcium(Ca)thatcanimmobilizePviaadsorp-tionofPontheFAparticlesurfaceand/orprecipitationofPasmetal-Pcomplexations(GrayandSchwab1993;Pengthamkeeratietal.2008).TheabilityofFAtoimmobilizePhasbeenevidencedbylaboratorybatch(Agyeietal.2000;Chenetal.2007)andcolumnexperiments(UgurluandSalman1998).Forexample,Chenetal.(2007)reportedthatthePsorptioncapacityof15flyashesrangedfrom5600to42,500mgPkg−1andsuchalargevariationwascorrelatedwiththeirCaandFecontents.UgurluandSalman(1998)foundthat80to95%ofPloadedwasremovedfromthesolutionina72-hcontinuousadsorptionexperimentwithcolumnspackedwith32gofFA.Furthermore,theapplicationofFAtosoilhasResponsibleeditor:JuxiuLiu*[e-mail]*[e-mail]1DepartmentofRuralandBio-SystemsEngineering,ChonnamNationalUniversity,Gwangju500-757,Korea2DepartmentofRenewableResources,UniversityofAlberta,Edmonton,AlbertaT6G2E3,Canada3DepartmentofAppliedPlantScience,ChonnamNationalUniversity,Gwangju500-757,KoreaJSoilsSedimentsDOI10.1007/s11368-015-1294-0beenshowntoreducePlossviarunoffandleaching(Leeetal.2007b;Pathanetal.2002).Zeolitemineralsaremicroporous,crystalline,andhydratedaluminosilicatesofalkalioralkaline-earthmetalswithahighnegativelychargedsitewhichiscapableofsorbingcationsincludingammonium(NH4+)(EnglertandRubio2005;Shietal.2009).Duetothehighcationexchangecapacity(CEC)ofZ,thehighNH4+sorptionpotentialofZbyelectrostaticattractionbetweenpositivelychargedionsandnegativelychargedsiteshasbeenreported(Aiyuketal.2004;EnglertandRubio2005).Forexample,KomarowskiandYu(1997)reportedthat90%ofNH4+wasremovedfromaNH4+solu-tionwithin15mininbatchexperiments.ThehighNH4+re-tentioncapacityofZhasalsobeenproveninagriculturalsoils;severalstudiesreportedthattheapplicationofZreducedni-trate(NO3−)leachingbyincreasingNH4+sorptionthatretardsnitrification(SepaskhahandYousefi2007;Sutherlandetal.2004;TarkalsonandIppolito2010;Zwingmannetal.2009).InmanyAsiancountriesincludingChina,India,Japan,andKorea,theeffectsofFAandZontheproductivityofrice(OryzasativaL.),whichisthestaplefoodinthesecountries,havebeeninvestigated.ForFA,mostofthestudiesreportedthatFAamendingat8to10%(w/w)didnotcauseheavymetalcontaminationandimprovedric