2015RSERArtificialfloatingislandsforenvironmen

See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: floating islands for environmentalimprovementARTICLE in RENEWABLE AND SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS · JULY 2015Impact Factor: 5.9 · DOI: 10.1016/j.rser.2015.03.090CITATIONS3READS3643 AUTHORS, INCLUDING:Gary N. YehMingDao University20 PUBLICATIONS 189 CITATIONS SEE PROFILEYuan-Hsiou ChangMingDao University20 PUBLICATIONS 56 CITATIONS SEE PROFILEAvailable from: Gary N. YehRetrieved on: 05 March 2016ArtificialfloatingislandsforenvironmentalimprovementNaichiaYeha,PulinYehb,Yuan-HsiouChangc,naCenterofGeneralEducation,MingDaoUniversity,369Wen-HuaRoad,Peetou,Changhua52345,TaiwanbDepartmentofInformationManagement,St.John'sUniversity,499,Sec.4,TamKingRoad,TamsuiDistrict,NewTaipeiCity25135,TaiwancDepartmentofLandscapeArchitectureandEnvironmentalPlanning,MingdaoUniversity,369Wen-HuaRoad,Peetou,Changhua52345,TaiwanarticleinfoArticlehistory:Received30September2014Receivedinrevisedform28January2015Accepted8March2015Keywords:ArtificialfloatingislandWastewatertreatmentBiomassproductionabstractThispaperprovidesareviewoftheartificialfloatingisland(AFI)concept,structure,andfunctions.ThisreviewdiscussesthepotentialadvantagesofAFItechnologyforavarietyofapplicationsthatincludenutritionremoval,biomassproduction,aquacultureandagriculture,aswellaswastewaterandstorm-watertreatment.ThepaperbrieflydiscussestheroleofanumericalmodelinthedecisionmakingprocessforchoosingappropriatescaleofAFIsystemforthesitestobetreated.Besidessuggestingpotentialfutureresearchprospects,thispaperalsoraisescertaindrawbackissuesthatAFIsmayposttotheenvironment.&2015ElsevierLtd.Allrightsreserved.Contents1.Introduction........................................................................................................6162.Stormwaterandhouseholdeffluenttreatment............................................................................6172.1.Inriverenvironment...........................................................................................6172.2.Inponds,lakes,andreservoirs...................................................................................6173.Industrialwastewatertreatment........................................................................................6183.1.Livestockeffluents.............................................................................................6183.2.Meatprocessingindustry.......................................................................................6183.3.Refineryplants................................................................................................6184.Otherapplications...................................................................................................6184.1.Floatinghabitatplatforms.......................................................................................6194.2.Aquacultureandagriculture.....................................................................................6194.3.Solar-poweredartificialisland...................................................................................6195.Numericalmodels...................................................................................................6196.Discussionandconclusion............................................................................................620Reference..............................................................................................................6211.IntroductionFloatingislandsoccurnaturallyinavarietyofwaterbodies.Fig.1,asadoptedfromHarding[1],showsaschematicdrawingofatypicalnaturalfloatingisland,whichconsistofathickfloatingorganicmatthatsupportsthegrowthofplants.Theupperportionofthematistherootzonecomprisedofintertwinedplantroots.Undertherootzoneisalayerofdecomposedpeatanddecayingplantdetrituscalledpeatlayerwhosethicknessisdeterminedbytherootingdepthoftheplants.Beneaththepeatlayerexistsafree-waterzone(orwatercolumn)whosedepthvarieswiththewaterlevelofthewaterbody.Alayeroforganicsludgedevelopsunderthefree-waterzoneoverthenativesubsurfacematerial.ThefunctionandoperationofAFIsarebasedonthenatureofnaturalfloatingislands.Anartificialfloatingislands(AFI)isasoil-lessplantingstructureconstructedwithfloatingmats,floatingaqua-ticplants,sediment-rootedemergentwetlandplantsandrelatedecologicalcommunitieslikealgae,biofilms,zooplankton,andsmallinvertebrates[2–4].Dependingonitsscale,complicatedness,orthepreferenceofthosewhonameit,AFIhasavarietyofaliases,whichContentslistsavailableatScienceDirectjournalhomepage:://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2015.03.0901364-0321/&2015ElsevierLtd.Allrightsreserved.nCorrespondingauthor.Tel.:þ886937523685;fax:þ88648782134.E-mailaddress:[e-mail](Y.-H.Chang).RenewableandSustainableEnergyReviews47(2015)616–622includeartificialfloatingbeds/wetlands,floatingtreatmentwetland(FTW),floatingplantbedsystem,integratedfloatingsystem,inte-gratedecologicalfloatingbed(IEF