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See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: Powered Artificial Floating Island forLandscape Ecology and Water QualityImprovementARTICLE in ECOLOGICAL ENGINEERING · AUGUST 2014Impact Factor: 2.58 · DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoleng.2014.03.015CITATIONS2READS2043 AUTHORS, INCLUDING:Yuan-Hsiou ChangMingDao University20 PUBLICATIONS 56 CITATIONS SEE PROFILEGary N. YehMingDao University20 PUBLICATIONS 189 CITATIONS SEE PROFILEAll in-text references underlined in blue are linked to publications on ResearchGate,letting you access and read them immediately.Available from: Yuan-Hsiou ChangRetrieved on: 05 March 2016EcologicalEngineering69(2014)8–16ContentslistsavailableatScienceDirectEcologicalEngineeringjournalhomepage:ficialfloatingislandforlandscapeecologyandwaterqualityimprovementYuan-HsiouChanga,∗,Chen-RueiKub,NaichiaYehcaDepartmentofLandscapeandArchitecture,MingDaoUniversity,TaiwanbCollegeofDesign(MasterofArtsProgram),MingDaoUniversity,TaiwancCenterofGeneralEducation,MingDaoUniversity,TaiwanarticleinfoArticlehistory:Received19October2013Receivedinrevisedform8January2014Accepted24March2014Keywords:EnvironmentalconservationLandscapeecologySolarpowerLandscapeArtificialfloatingislandabstractThisstudyusessolarartificialfloatingislands(SAFI)forwaterpurificationandbiologicalconservation.Thesiteofexperimentissetuponalakeshoreonauniversitycampus,wheretheeutrophiccontentsoflakeandsewagefromthestudentdormitoryareusedforresultassessment.ThestudydemonstratesthattheSAFIisabletoreducetheECoftheeutrophiccontentsby30%andenhancedissolvedoxygen(DO)by2.8times.TheSAFIisalsoabletoreduceelectricconductivityofdormitorysewageby34%andincreasedissolvedoxygenby982times.Aftertheimprovement,theoxidation–reductionpropertyisabove+100mVandtheoxidationactivitiesinsamplesarevigorous.ThehabitationofIschnurasenegalensis,LeucaugemagnificaYaginuma,andDuttaphrynusmelanostictuscanbeobservedintheSAFIenhancedwaterarea,whiletheareawithouttheinfluenceoftheSAFIlacksdissolvedoxygenandwaterplants,whichresultsinthecommonCulicidae,HirudonipponicaWhitman,andChironomidainrottenwater.ThisresearchshowsthattheSAFIhasdeterminantinfluenceontheecologyandwaterqualityimprovement.©2014ElsevierB.V.Allrightsreserved.1.IntroductionTraditionally,naturalpurificationisencouragedforlandscaperecoveringasecologicalmachinesmaybeharmfultoecosystembalance.However,naturalpurificationisnotuptospeedforvul-nerablespecierestorationinseverelypollutedwater.Afloatingisland,asaneco-machine,isformedofaquaticplantsthatthriveonwatersurface.Suchplantgrowsanddiesonthewatersurfacetoformfloatingmass(islands).Themassthenexpandstoconnecttheislandstothelandarea.Anartificialfloatingisland(AFI)canformwaveabsorbingrevet-ment(Takagi,1996);formhabitatsforavarietyofspeciessuchasbirds,fish,insects,aquaticinsects,andymnophiona(WillandCrawford,1970;FagerandYork,1975;Payne,1992;Hiraoka,1996;Muelleretal.,1996;Momoseetal.,1998);reducethepollut-antdispersionworkattheriverinflux;andreducethewatervelocitytoaidtheinterceptionandprecipitationofpollutantsviaplantrootstructure.AFIiseffectiveinreducingwaveenergy,∗Correspondingauthorat:DepartmentofLandscapeandArchitecture,MingDaoUniversity,Chanhua,No.369,Wen-HuaRoad,PeetowChanHua52345,Taiwan.Tel.:[phone];fax:[phone].E-mailaddress:[e-mail](Y.-H.Chang).maintainingtheshorelineintegrity,andprolongingthelifeofdams(Cheng,2006).AFIalsopurifieswater,beautifieslandscape,shadeswatersurface,andinhibitsthegrowthofaquaticphyto-planktonsthatinducewaterbloomandalgaebloom(Ohsimaetal.,2001).Changetal.(2009)havedemonstratedthatasolarpoweredartificialfloatingisland(orsolarartificialfloatingisland,SAFI,asdepictedinFig.1).TheresearchimplementsSAFIinindividualpoolsfilledwithnutrientwatertomonitorwaterqualityparameters.TrendsintheparametersarerecordedovertimeandcomparedtothosetakenfromapoolwithoutSAFIandfromnearbywaterwaysreceivinginputsofvaryingwaterquality.BiotainvestigationismadeontheSAFIsandtheiraffiliatedpoolsincomparisontothepoolwithoutanAFI.2.ExperimentalThisresearchhasbeensetuptomonitorthewaterqualitygoverningparametersthatincludedissolvedoxygen(DO),elec-tricconductivity(EC),oxidationreductionpotential(ORP),pHvalue,andwatertemperature,thesiteofexperimentissetinLi-ZeLakeshoreinMingDaoUniversity,ChanghuaCounty,Taiwan(23◦8681,120◦4931).Li-ZeLakeisanon-campuspondsys-temdesignatedasthefloodandsewage(treated)dischargeoutlet.©2014ElsevierB.V.Allrightsreserved.Y.-H.Changetal./EcologicalEngineering69(2014)8–169Fig.1.Solarpowerartificialfloatingisland.Fig.2showstheChanghuaregionalclimateinformation,whichincludestemperature,humidity,andrainfall.Fig.3depictsthemapofMingDaoUniversity,inwhichadashedcirclemarksthelocationofthesiteofexperiment.This10m×3msiteislocatednexttothelakeona20◦slopeandiscoveredwithsoilandafewemergingplants(mostlyEichhorniacrassipes).Fig.4displaysthelocationsofthesampleposts,inwhichSA1istheoverflow