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定语从句在复合句中，用于修饰名词或代词的从句称为定语从句。被修饰的词叫做先行词，引导定语从句的词称为先行词。1.Thisistheteacherwhooftentellsjokes.（限定性定语从句，不可缺少）2.ThosewhowanttogototheGreatwallsignuphere.（限定性定语从句，不可缺少）3.Water,whichisaliquid,hasmanyuses.(非限定性定语从句，附加补充说明)That和which一般可以通用，两者都可用于指代物。Thenewhousethat/whichIhavejustboughtisaboutsixmilesaway.下列情况下，只能用that而不用which1,先行词既有人又有物时，Hetalkedabouttheschoolsandteachersthathehadvisited.Thebikeanditsriderthathadrunoveranoldmanweretakentothepolicestation.2,先行词为all,much,few,little,something,everything,anything,nothing,none等不定代词时，Wehaven’tgotmuchthatthatwecanofferyou.I’dliketotellyousomethingthatwillmakeyousurprised.3,先行词有thevery,theonly,thesame,any,few,little,no,all,oneof等词修饰时，ThisistheveryroomthatIsleptinthatevening.Theonlythingthatwecandoistogiveyousomemoney.4,先行词有序数词或形容词最高级修饰时，Thisisthethirdtimethattheyhavemet.PollyisthemostdirectyoungwomanthatIhaveevercomeacross.5,有两个定语从句，其中一个关系代词用which，另一个用thatEdisonbuiltupafactorywhichproducedthingsthathadneverbeenseenbefore.下列情况下，只能用which而不用that引导非限定性定语从句时，Thefish,whichIboughtthismorning,isveryfresh.Jimpassedthedrivingtest,whichsurprisedeverybodyintheoffice.关系代词前有介词时，Thisisthehotelinwhichyouwillstay.IwasputintoapositioninwhichIhadtoacceptIwaslessimportant.其他关系代(副)词：Johnnyisapersonwhoalwayshasnovelideas.We’llgotothehospitaltoseethepatients,mostofwhomarechildren.Xi’an,whosewallsremainasgoodasbefore,isoneofthefewcitieswithcitywalls.Thehotelwherewestayedwasveryclean./ThisisthehousewhereIwasborn.Thereasonwhy(that/forwhich)shewaslatewasthatshemissedherplane.关系代词或关系副词的选用，看先行词是否充当宾语。Thisisthecollege(that/which)Ivisited.ThisisthecollegewhereIstudiedthreeyearsago.I’llneverforgettheday(that/which)wespenttogether.I’llneverforgetthedaywhenIgotmarried.定语从句和同位语从句的区别，根据that在句中担任句子成分来判定，that在定语从句中担任句子成分，而在同位语从句中不作成分。Thenewsthatyoutoldmelastweekisnottrue.that在句中充当宾语←定语从句Thenewsthattheleaderwillcomehereisnottrue.that在句中不充当成分←同位语从句注意：同位语从句中that前的名词必须是表示事实的抽象名词，如fact，news，information，order，belief，reply，answer，saying等，而定语从句没有这个限制。as引导的定语从句Wehavefoundsuchmaterialsasareusedintheirfactory.(Such…as…)Theresultisnotthesameastheyhadexpected.(Thesame…as…)as的某些固定用法，asweknow正如我们所知asisoftenthecase像通常那样asisreported正如报道的那样asisusual像往常一样其他从句：主语从句，表语从句，宾语从句——名词性从句主语从句Itiscertainthathewillcome.表语从句Myideaisthatwe’llallgoexceptLily.宾语从句Heaskedmewhether/ifshelivedhere.同位语从句I’venoideawherehehasgone.Thatshewasbeautifulwasplaintoeveryone.主语从句Itwasplaintoeveryonethatshewasbeautiful.真正主语（主语从句）Whetherhe’llcome(ornot)hasn’tbeendecided.主语从句Ithasn’tbeendecidedwhetherhe’llcomeornot.真正主语（主语从句）Whichanswerisrightisn’tknowntous.Whenwe’llstartisnotclear.Howabookwillselldependsmuchonthereviewer.WhyhewenttoLondonisamystery.Thisiswhytheydecidedtoholdameeting.表语从句IwastoldthatIhadtocutoutalcohol.宾语从句Joewantedtoknowwhoboughthimthegift.Therumorthatthere’llbeanearthquakesoonspreadalloverthearea.同位语从句Hisquestionwhytheskyisblueisdifficulttoanswer.Theideathatweinvitedhimyesterdayisquitegood.