IS4012001PRESERVATIONOFTIMBER

tIIIIIWam=m+@H%@Jmtfa+f%IndianStandardPRESERVATIONOFTIMBER—CODEOFPRACTICE(FourthRevision)ICS79.0200BIS2001BUREAUOFINDIANSTANDARDSMANAKBHAVAN,9BAHADURSHAHZAFARMARGNEWDELHI110002,.,.December2001PriceGroup9TimberandTimberStoresSectionalCommittee,CED9FOREWORDThisIndianStandard(FourthRevision)wasadoptedbytheBureauofIndianStandards,afterthedraftfinalizedbytheTimberandTimberStoresSectionalCommitteehadbeenapprovedbytheCivilEngineeringDivisionCouncil.Thisstandardwasfirstpublishedasatentativestandardin1954andwassubsequentlyrevisedandissuedasafirmstandardin1961.Withtheuseofthiscodeoveraperiodof6years,theSectionalCommitteefeltthatitmightberevisedsoastomakeitup-to-dateandalsotoincludesomemoreinformationonprophylactictreatment,diffusionprocess,etc.Secondrevisionofthestandardwas,therefore,broughtoutin1967andthethirdrevisionin1982.Inthethirdrevision,besidesmodifyingdurabilityandtreatabilityfiguresforsomeofthespecies,modificationsweremadeinTable2givingrecommendedpracticesforpreservationoftimberfordifferentserviceconditions.Inthisrevision,treatmentprocessfortreatingrubberwood,khasipine,poplar,etcingreenconditionhasbeenincludedbesidesmodifyingdurabilityandtreatabilityfiguresforsomeofthespeciesandinclusionofsomenewspeciesinTable3andfurthermodificationshavebeenmadeinTable2.Sincethesubjectofpreservationandtreatmentofrailwaysleepershasbeencoveredunderaseparatestandard,referencetorailwaysleepershasbeenomittedfromthisstandard.However,itdealswithtrackwoodensleepersforotheruses.Withtherapidindustrialandagriculturaldevelopmentofthecountry,thedemandfortimberforvariouspurposeshasincreasedconsiderablyandinviewofthelimitedavailabilityofnaturallydurablespecies,suchasteak(Tectonagrandis)andsal(S/roreurobusta),itisimperativethatsuppliesofdurabletimberareaugmentedbyselectedtimbersoflesserdurabilitywhich,whensuitablytreated,wouldgiveadequatelifeunderserviceconditions.Preservativetreatmentoftimber,therefore,formsaveryimportantpartofthenationalefforttoconservethematerialresourcesofthecountry,andtoachievetheirmosteconomicutilization.Thetimberavailabilityscenarioischangingfastinthecountry.Whilethesupplyoftimberfromtraditionalspeciesfromtheforestisdecreasing,timberfromplantationspeciessuchasrubber,eucalypts,poplar,etc,isbecomingincreasinglyavailable.Suchspeciesarenormallynon-durableandtheireconomicutilizationrequiresadequateprotection,whenusedinhazardoussituations(wherebiologicalattackislikelytobemoreprevalent)forlongerlife.Timberwithmoresapwoodcontent(easilytreatable)ortimberhavinggoodtreatability(a,borc)shallbepreferred.Theefficacyofpreservativetreatmentdependsontheproperchoiceofpreservativeandthetreatmentprocess,whichensuretherequiredabsorptionandpenetrationofthepreservative.Anumberofpreservativesandprocessesoftreatmentareknownwhichgivevaryingdegreesofprotectiontowoodagainstdeteriorationduetoattackbyfungi,termites,borersandmarineorganisms.Thisstandardisintendedtoserveasaguideinthechoiceofthepreservativesandtheirmethodsofapplication.Preservativetreatmentoftimber,however,isnotcarriedoutwiththepurposeofimprovingdensityorhardnessormechanical/electrical/chemicalproperties.Preservativetreatmentandseasoningmakethewoodstableanddurable.However,suchpreservativetreatedandseasonedwoodisdistinctfromdensifiedwoodofthesamespeciesandshouldnotbeclassifiedasdensifiedwood.Tilmbertobetreatedshould,whereverpossible,befullyfabricatedbeforetreatmentandallcuttingandboringoperationsonthetreatedmaterialshouldbeavoided.Incaseitbecomesabsolutelynecessarytocutorboreatreatedmember,thesurfaceexposedshouldbethoroughlybrushedwithorganicsolventbasedpreservative.Careshallbetakeninhandlingthetreatedtimber,sothatdamagetothetreatedshelldoesnotexposetheuntreatedportion,ifany.Mostofthepreservativesarepoisonousorskinirritantandsomeareinflammableorexplosiveoryieldpoisonousvapourwhentreatedmaterialcatchesfireandthereforebothworkersinthefieldandfactoriesandactualusersoftreatedmaterialshouldbecarefulinproperhandlingofpreservatives,treatingsolutionsaswellasfreshlytreatedwood.Theyshouldhaveknowledgetotakefirst-aidmeasures.(Continuedonthirdcover)0%11.Is401:2001IndianStandardPRESERVATIONOFTIMBER—CODEOFPRACTICE(FourthSCOPE1Thisstandardcoverstypesofpreservatives,theirbriefdescription,methodsoftreatment,choiceoftreatmentfordifferentspeciesoftimberforanumberofusesanddeterminationofdegreeofpenetration.Prophylactictreatmentoflogsandsawntimberduringstorageisalsocovered.1.2ThisstandardincludesonlysuchpreservativesandmethodsoftreatmentwhichhavegivensatisfactoryresultsundertheIndianconditionsofservice.2REFERENCESTheIndianStandardslistedinAnnexAcontainprovisionswhichthroughreferenceinthistext,constituteprovisionofthisstandard.Atthetimeofpublication,theeditionsindicatedwerevalid.Allstandardsaresubjecttorevision,andpartiestoagreementsbasedonthisstandardareencouragedtoinvestigatethepossibilityofapplyingthemostrecenteditionsofthestandardsindicatedinAnnexA.3TYPESOFPRESERVATIVESPreservativesshallbeofthefollowingthreetypes.3.1~pe1—OilTypeCoal/Lignitetarcreosotewithorwithoutadmixtureofcoaltarpetroleumoil,fueloil