MBR与SMBR脱氮除磷特性及膜污染控制郭小马

36320153ENVIＲONMENTALSCIENCEVol．36No．3Mar．2015MBＲSMBＲ123231*1.2661002.5180183.518018SMBＲMBＲ、．SMBＲMBＲ、、COD、94%、78%、80%、97%．SMBＲCOD、、61%46%74%52%．PAC．NitrospiraDechloromonas．X703.1A0250-3301201503-01013-08DOI10．13227/j．hjkx．2015．03．0342014-08-212014-09-262012B0310000252012B0909000181989～[e-mail]*[e-mail]genandPhosphorusＲemovalandControlofMembraneFoulinginMBＲandSMBＲGUOXiao-ma1ZHAOYan23WANGKai-yan23ZHAOYang-guo1*1.KeyLaboratoryofMarineEnvironmentandEcologyMinistryofEducationOceanUniversityofChinaQingdao266100China2.GuangdongYuegangWaterSupplyCo．Ltd．Shenzhen518018China3.GuangdongGDHWaterCo．Ltd．Shenzhen518018ChinaAbstractToimprovetheefficiencyandrunningstabilityofwastewateradvancedtreatmentasequencingmembranebioreactorSMBＲandatraditionalmembranebioreactorMBＲwereusedtoinvestigatethecharacteristicsofnitrogenandphosphorusremovalandtheeffectofanoxictimeontreatmentsystemsandmembranefouling．Simultaneouslymolecularbiologytechniqueswereappliedtoanalyzethecompositionofmicrobialcommunityandthestructureofsuspendedsludge．TheresultsshowedthatSMBＲhadhigherefficiencyinremovingTNthanMBＲwhichindicatedthatintermittentaerationcouldenhancetheabilityofnitrogenremoval．SMBＲandMBＲhadasimilarremovalefficiencyofNH+4-NTPCODandturbiditywiththeremovalratesof94%78%80%and97%respectively．ExtensionofSMBＲanoxictimehadnoeffectonCODNH+4-NremovalbutdecreasedTNandTPremovalratedroppingfrom61%and74%to46%and52%respectively．IntermittentaerationandpowderactivatedcarbonPACcouldbothmitigatemembranefouling．TheanalysisonmicrobialcommunityindicatedthattherewasnodifferenceinthecompositionandstructureofmicrobialcommunitybetweenSMBＲandMBＲ．NitrospiraandDechloromonaswerebothhighlyabundantfunctionalgroupswhichprovidedthebasisforhighlyefficientcontrolofbioreactors．Keywordsmembranebioreactormembranefoulingnitrogenandphosphorusremovalmicrobialcommunityintermittentaerationpowderactivatedcarbon2010《、》．1．MBＲ、2．MBＲ、MBＲ3．MBＲ．4～7A2OMBＲ《》GB18918-2002A．8MBＲMBＲ．936SMBＲMBＲSMBＲMBＲSMBＲ．PACMBＲ10～12PAC1.0g·L－11.0g·L－1PAC．．SBＲMBＲSMBＲMBＲ1.0g·L－1PAC．．．11.11．．．PVC＜0.2μm1.0mm2.0mm10～20L·m2·h－1220mm×46mm×326mm0.20m22～4L·h－1．/10min8min2min．、、．1Fig．1Schematicdiagramoftheexperimentaldevice1.2SMBＲMBＲ．MLSS2200mg·L－1MLVSS/MLSS0.4910L．1．MLSS、MLVSS．6000mg·L－1．35d．1Table1CharacteristicsofeffluentfromtheaerationtankofasewagetreatmentplantinGuangxiCOD/mg·L－1/mg·L－1/mg·L－1/mg·L－1BOD/mg·L－1NTUpH31.8～20016～1011.3～3.65.5～22.630.7～57.O12.3～2496.73～7.6187.5312.617.640.756.17.101.3MBＲSMBＲ12SMBＲ2MBＲSMBＲ．23h20L2L·min－1MBＲ3hSMBＲ2h．．1MBＲ、60min→60min→、120min10L·h－1．1SMBＲ、60min→60min→、120min1041013MBＲSMBＲL·h－1．2MBＲ、30min→30min→、120min8L·h－1．2SMBＲ、30min→30min→、120min8L·h－1．MBＲSMBＲ135dMBＲSMBＲ260d．2PAC．2PAC150～2000.5、0.8、1.2g·L－1PAC30d．．25kPa24h．1.41.4.1COD、、NH+4-N、、HACHDＲB200HACHDＲ2800HACHpH、DOHACH2100QHACH．1.4.2MBＲ、SMBＲLB28℃2d．DNAMobioUSADNADNA16SrDNAPCＲ．BA101F5'-TGGCGGACGGGTGAGTAA-3'BA534Ｒ5'-ATTACCGCGGCTGCTGG-3'E．coli16SrＲNA101～534bp．BA534Ｒ5'GC14PCＲPCＲDGGE．IlluminaMiseqMBＲ、SMBＲ．PCＲ16SrDNAV4515f/806r15．97%OTUOTUＲDPClassifer．22.1MBＲSMBＲSMBＲMBＲ22．MBＲ、SMBＲCOD、、、．SMBＲMBＲ61%41%．2MBＲSMBＲTable2ComparisonofpollutantsremovalefficiencybetweenMBＲandSMBＲ/mg·L－1/%MBＲSMBＲMBＲSMBＲCOD15.4±5.3014.6±4.4078±879±90.59±0.470.71±0.4694±694±314.6±4.3010.3±4.4041±2261±220.45±0.360.52±0.2079±1778±7NTU0.45±0.170.47±0.1998±197±2、．DOCOD、COD78%20mg·L－194%1.0mg·L－1．SMBＲMBＲSMBＲ--、16MBＲ33.3%．510136MBＲ-41%17N2N2O18．MBＲ、SMBＲ78%0.5mg·L－1．MBＲ230min52%1h90min0.15mg·L－10.15mg·L－1．19～20．、PHAs．EPS2116.2%．SMBＲ2．0～40min1.05mg·L－11.5mg·L－1．40～60min90～180min60min120min0.15mg·L－10.95mg·L－1．O2PHAs．2.2SMBＲSMBＲ1120min260min．SMBＲ2MBＲ、SMBＲTPFig．2ChangesofconcentrationoftotalphosphorusinatypicalperiodofMBＲandSMBＲ3．1、2SMBＲCOD、COD77%79%95%93%．、2161%46%74%52%．120minCOD3a、3b．61%46%3c．．DO9．21．1COD/TN3.8820minCOD20mg·L－1PAHs．22．61013MBＲSMBＲ1、60min→60min→、120min2.0L·min－110L·h－12、30min→30min→、120min2.0L·min－18L·h－13SMBＲCOD、、Fig．3ＲemovalefficiencyofCODNH+4-NTNTPinSMBＲundertwodifferentconditions2.34MBＲ、SMBＲMBＲFig．4Variationsoftrans-membranepressureinMBＲSMBＲandPAC-MBＲwithtimeTMPTMP．PACPACMLSS6.0～7.0g·L－1．4aMBＲSMBＲTMP．MBＲ7dSMBＲTMP15d20kPaSMBＲ8．MBＲ、2324PAC4b．PAC0.5g·L－17101367dTMP25kPa48h．0.8g·L－1PACTMP7d．TMP22kPa22kPa26d25kPa．SMBＲ0.8g·L－1PAC．PAC、SMPSMP11、12．PACTMPSMBＲ0.8g·L－1PAC．5MBＲSMBＲFig．5StructureandconstitutionofmicrobialcommunityinMBＲandSMBＲ3MBＲ1.10±0.03×106CFU·mL－1SMBＲ1.40±0.30×105CFU·mL－1MBＲSMBＲMBＲ．5a．5bMBＲ39.60%SMBＲ42.60%21.30%19.50%7.80%5.40%5.70%5.70%3.60%4.10%2.30%2.70%1.70%2.50%1.80%1.40%1.60%1.50%1.40%1.30%．MBＲSMBＲ81013MBＲSMBＲ3．1%3NitrospiraeNitrospiraMBＲ7.80%SMBＲ5.30%．25CO2．MBＲSMBＲ2MBＲSMBＲ．3MBＲSMBＲTable3AbundanceofbacteriageneralevelinMBＲandSBMＲsystem/%PhylaorclassesgeneraMBＲSMBＲAcidobacteriaSolibacter0.300.40ChloroflexiCaldilinea0.200.10FirmicutesClostridium0.200.10NitrospiraeNitrospira7.805.30PlanctomycetesGemmata0.200.30PlanctomycetesPlanctomyces0.500.30α-ProteobacteriaＲhodoplanes0.400.40β-ProteobacteriaDechloromonas5.704.10β-ProteobacteriaDok591.102.00β-ProteobacteriaThauera0.200.1