PACMBR组合工艺中膜污染及清洗方法的研究迪莉拜尔苏力坦

··PAC-MBR组合工艺中膜污染及清洗方法的研究迪莉拜尔·苏力坦　莫　罹　黄　霞　　　对粉末活性炭-膜生物反应器(PAC-MBR)组合工艺处理微污染水源水过程中的膜污染进行了分析,并对膜清洗方法进行了研究。扫描电镜观察表明,由活性炭、活性污泥等相互粘结形成的凝胶层是膜外表面的主要污染物,而膜内表面污染不明显。采用曝气清洗、超声波清洗、NaClO碱洗、HCl酸洗可有效地使污染膜的通透性能最终恢复到95%以上。其中超声波清洗可使膜比通量恢复54%,碱洗可进一步恢复38%。各级洗脱液分子量分布测定结果表明:曝气洗脱液中分子量大于20000的有机物约占70%;而超声波主要去除的是分子量小于4000的有机物;碱洗脱液去除的UV254占化学清洗总量的92%。通过清洗效果分析,有机污染是造成膜污染的主要原因。　PAC-MBR组合工艺　膜污染　清洗方法　膜过滤性能　　、、、,、、、、。。,[1]。,,。-(PAC-MBR)。1　1.1　PAC-MBR1。1　2　3　4-5　6　7　8　91　PAC-MBR,0.1μm,0.27mm,0.42mm,0.4m2,。(100)。,,。,15min,2.5min,。,,,。,,。1.2　,、、。1,UV254254nm,(UV-2401PC),1cm。。1.3　,,,(HITACHI,S-570)。(JSM-6310F)FESEM-EDS(linkISISEDS(oxford))。　Vol.29　No.5　20031　　　　DOI:10.13789/j.cnki.wwe1964.2003.05.0011　/℃/NTUOC/mg/L226.154.83～15～291.5～10.82.3～7.35UV254NH3-N/mg/LpH0.096.696.9～0.02～0.160.68～12.696.5～7.32　2.1　PAC-MBR,2a。2　2a,(2b),,;,。(SEM),3。,、、、、,(3a)。,、(3b)。SEM,,,(3c)。3a,,。FESEM-EDS,4。4,Ca,Mg。3　SEM4　FESEM-EDSCa2+Mg2+。,Ca,Ca,,CaCO3,CaSO4;,Ca[2]。2.2　2.2.1　:①:、;②:。,。2.2.2　PAC-MBR15d,,。1:※※NaClO※HCl※;2:※※※NaClO※HCl;3:※※NaClO※HCl。1h。,24h(2　　　　　Vol.29　No.5　20030.4m3/h)。,30min。NaClO0.3%24h。HCl3%1h。5。5　,γ,:γ=KK0×100%K———(K=J/P,　　);K0———。5,15,,5%。,,PAC,、,,。,,,。,,54%。,,,[3]。,,。,,38%。,、。,3,98%;2,97%;1,88%。3。3。2.2.3　3,。,,K。K,2。2　NaClOHCl/hK/minK/hK/hK120.16102.9267.3918.04240.16203.97127.4027.90360.17304.22187.8037.49480.17404.20247.2247.475240.27　:KL/(m2·h·kPa)。2,,8h。24h。,30min,。NaClO,6～24h。HCl,1h。2.3　(UV254),6。:20000,70%。4000,60%。NaClO。NaClOUV25492%。5:,,　Vol.29　No.5　20033　　　　6　,、。3　(1)SEM,、。Ca2+Mg2+。。(2)、、NaClO、HCl。54%,38%,95%。,。(3)20000,4000。参考文献1　SheikholeslamiR.Foulingmitigationinmembraneprocesses.Desali-nation,1999,123(1):45～532　SchaferAI,SchwickerU,etal.Microfiltrationofcolloidsandnatu-ralorganicmatter.JournalofMembraneScience,2000,171:151～1723　..[].:,2002★:100084　:[phone]　:2002-12-3　唐建国　曹　飞　全洪福　单志和　王健华　　　介绍了德国对排水管道设施状况,结构性病害的调查及对病害的修复整治情况。特别是德国为了减少初期雨水、合流制系统雨季超过截流倍数进入河道的雨污混合水,建设了大量的各类雨水池,这些雨水池的设置对保护河道水质起到了十分重要的作用。此外还介绍了德国目前排水管道高压冲洗清通的情况。　排水管道　分流　合流　检查井　雨水池　清洗　德国1　1984(ATV-DVWK)。、。19874,19953。8204,356954km2。1,。1.1　93.2%。198793%,,90%,199893%。1.2　,。:50%,,“”。199067%,19984　　　　　Vol.29　No.5　2003WATER&WASTEWATERENGINEERINGVol.29No.5May2003ABSTRACTSStudyonFoulingandCleaningofMembraneinPACCombinedMBRDilberSultanetal(1………………………………)Abstract:MembranefoulingandcleaningmethodsinthePAC(powderedactivatedcarbon)combinedMBR(membranebioreactor)appliedtopurifyslightly-pollutedrawwaterwereinvestigated.BySEM(ScanningElectronicMicroscope)observation,itwasfoundthatthemembranefoulingontheexteriorsurfacewasmainlyattributivetothegellayerconsistedofPAC,activatedsludgeandsoon,whiletheinnermembranesurfacehasbeenlittlefouled.Combinedcleaningincludingextendedaeration,ultrasoniccleaning,rinsesby0.3%NaClOsolutionand2%HClsolutioncouldrecovermembranepermeabilityover95%.EspeciallyultrasoniccleaningandNaClOrinsewerefoundtobeeffectiveforrecoveringmembranepermeabilityby54%and38%respectively.Fromthemeasurementofmolecularweightdistribu-tionsofextractedliquidineachcleaningstep,itwasfoundthattheaeratedliquidhad70%organicswhosemolecularweightexceeded20000,andultrasoniccleaningmainlyremovedtheorganicswithmolecularweightlowerthan4000.Organicmatterswerepresumedtobemainlyresponsibleforthemembranefouling.BriefonGermanSewageSystemTangJianguoetal(4………………………………………………………………………)Abstract:Onthebasisofspecialinvestigationonurbanseweragefacilities,thecomprehensivepresentationontherecentstatusofGermanysewagesystemispresentedinthispaper.Agreatdealofproblemswillbeincluded,fromgeneralinformationtofailureavoidancerelatedtothestructuredamagesofseweragelines.TheGermanexperiencesonrainwaterdivertingintonaturalriversincasewhenthefluxinthecombinedsewerexceededthepresetinterceptingthreshold,isverysuggested,forthisrainwaterretardantreservoirshavetobeconstructedtoreducetheinitialstormy-runoff,theseareveryimportanttoprotectthenaturalwaterways.Alsowepaidattentionstopressuredflushing,ithasbeenwidelyusedforsewerlinepurgingandseemsveryhigheffective.StudyonSludgeDischargeControlModesofWaterworksSedimentationTankinNortheastChinaCuiFuyietal(10………)Abstract:Therearemanywaystocontrolthesludgeextractingandremovingfromsedimentationtank,undoub-tedlytheseplayimportantroleinperformanceofwaterworks.ThisstudyonsludgedischargecontrolmodesisconductedonthebasisoftechnicalandeconomicalinvestigationofpracticaloperatingrecordsoftwowaterworksinNortheastChinaandon-sitefull-scaleexperiment,andaimedtooptimizethesystematicperformanceofthewaterworks.Weobserved,thecostofsludgedischargewasapproximate4%tothealterableoperationcostofthewaterworksandthecharacteristicruleofthedischargedwaterfromthesedimentationtankmightbeinfluencedbythelocalrawwaterquality.Thedura-tionofsludgedischargewillbedeterminedbytheturbidityoftherawwater.Consequentlyitisproposedtoestablishamodelofsludgedischargedurationtoturbidityofrawwater,andbythiswaythesludgeremovaloperationwillbecon-trolledunderasimpleandveryvisualizedpattern.RainWaterUtilizationandEcologicalResidentialQuarterLiJunqietal(14…………………………………………………)Abstract:Developmentofso-calledgreenecologicalresidentials