PDADMAC强化絮凝去除腐殖质类天然有机污染物的研究田秉晖

PDADMAC,,,(,　100085):,(PDADMAC).,PDADMAC60%,DOC60%90%.PDADMAC.PDADMAC,PAC,PDADMACPAC,,.:;;:X703.5　:A　:0250-3301(2007)01-0092-06:2006-01-17;:2006-07-13:(863)(2002AA601011);(973)(2002CB412308):(1970～),,,,E-mail:[e-mail]cculationoftheNaturalHumusbyPolydiallyldimethylammoniumChlorideTIANBing-hui,GEXiao-peng,PANGang,LUANZhao-kun(StateKeyLaboratoryofEnvironmentalAquaticChemistry,ResearchCenterforEco-EnvironmentalSciences,ChineseAcademyofSciences,Beijing100085,China)Abstract:Enhancedflocculationofnaturaldissolvehumusbypolydiallyldimethylammoniumchloride(PDADMAC)wasstudiedandremovalmechanismwasdiscussed.TheresultsshowthatusingPDADMACastheaidflocculants,theoptimalflocculantsdosageonlywas40%ofthetraditionmethod.RemovalofDOCandcolourwereincreasedto60%and90%.TheresultsstillshowthatanionicdensityofthehumushasthemoreeffectthanitshydrophobicpropertyonremovalofhumusbyPDADMAC.Removalmechanismis“specialadsorptionaction”inenhancedflocculationofhumusbyPDADMAC,namely,intheprocessofthehydrolysisflocculationofPoly(aluminiumchloride)(PAC),cationicflocculantsPDADMACisadsorbedonthesurfaceofthehydrolysateandincreasethe“adsorptionelectrostaticneutralizationaction”and“specialadsorptionaction”ofthehydrolysate,sothatthatremovalofdissolvehumuswasobviouslyimproved.Keywords:enhancedflocculation;humus;polydiallyldimethylammoniumchloride　　,,.,.,,[1～3]..、,(THMs)[1,3].、、,.,[4～6].(PDADMAC).PDADMAC、,1[7～11].PDADMAC[5～8].,PDADMAC、、SS、DOC,,.2,28120071　　　　　　ENVIRONMENTALSCIENCEVol.28,No.1Jan.,2007DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.2007.01.016pH,2pH(pH5.07.0),PDADMAC,(PAC)PAC+PDADMAC.,PDADMAC.1　1.1　(18MΨcm),,.2,1(),(IHSS);1,,.1.2　1.0molLHClpH,1000mL.:200rmin,2min;40rmin,15min;10min.(PAC)+PDADMAC,,NaOH,pH.,MoticB2SERIES(WatecWAT-505EXCCDCAMERA)SDK-2000(MIVNT).1.3　DOC:,0.45μm,Phoenix8000TheUV-PersualfateTOC,DOC.:.1.4　0.005molLCaCl2100mgLNaN3,,0.1molLNaOH,pH9,.2dNaOH,pH9,,24h,.(4℃).10mgL100mgL(0.005molLCaCl2100mgLNaN3,pH8～9),50mL,,60h.,(AFM).1.5　,DINanoscopeⅢaMultimode,,VSi3N4,200μm,0.12N·m-1..E,、Setpoint、、,,.,2,3AFM.NanoscopeImageAnalysis,(SectionAnalysis).2　2.1　22(C、H、O、N、CPMAS13CNMR)1.1,2.(0.72);,55.9%,N(2.97%),OC(0.79),HC2,CPMAS13CNMRδ=171,.,,.,1;,41.1%;,N(),CO(62.53%32.34%),HC1,CPMAS13CNMR(δ=175),、(,δ=204).,,,、.931:PDADMAC1　2Table1　Parametersandcharacteristicsofhumus%CPMAS13CNMR%CHON(δ:0～100)(δ:100～165)(δ:165～185)、(δ:185～220)24.03.925.22.955.921.815.05.30.7262.54.832.341.141.12.512.40.92　　1(10mgL)2.1,2.,40nm、0.5～1nm1,;,,250～330nm,8.6nm.,　　、、;、.,2(1).,,,,.,,　　(a)(c):(),40nm,0.5～1.0nm(b)(d):,250～330nm,8.6nm0.005molLCaCl2100mgLNaN3,pH8～9,60h1　2Fig.1　Underlowconcentrationcondition,AFMimagesofthehumicsubstancesfromGuantinglakeandTianjingsoilsonsurfaceofthemices94　　　　　　28,,,.2.2　PDADMAC2.2.1　PDADMAC3(2.7,1.4,0.7)PDADMAC,1～10mgL,1～20mgL2,pH3～10,NaNO3CaCl20.1～1.0gL..72h,,.,PDADMAC,PDADMAC.2.2.2　PAC+PDADMAC(1)pH5.0　23,pH=5.0,PAC,2DOC60%90%.,.,,pH=5.0,,.23,PAC,1mgLPDADMAC,,DOC,,.,PDADMAC,PAC[5,11],.,.23,pH=5.0,2,.,,,PDADMAC,.,PDADMAC,,.,PDADMAC.　　　　　　　4,pH=5.0,,PAC,,,1.78.PDADMAC,,,1.56.PDADMAC　　　　2　pH5.0DOCFig.2　DOCremovalatpH5.0　3　pH5.0Fig.3　ColourremovalatpH5.0　4　pH5.0Fig.4　ImagesoftheflocsoftheGuantinghumusatpH5.0　,PDADMAC,.　　(2)pH7.0　56,pH=7.0,PAC,pH=5.0,4,2DOC951:PDADMAC.,,pH,pH,,,.,pH,PAC,.2.56,PDADMAC,DOC,PAC.,pH,,.,PDADMAC,PDADMACpH=5.0.,PDADMACDOC,,,PDADMAC.pH=7.0,PDADMAC.5　pH7.0DOCFig.5　DOCremovalatpH7.06　pH7.0Fig.6　ColourremovalatpH7.07,pH=7.0,PAC,,,1.62.PDADMAC,,,1.42.7　pH7.0Fig.7　ImagesoftheflocsoftheGuantinghumusatpH7.03　　　,PAC+PDADMAC:,PAC,PDADMACPAC[12],“”,.pH=5.0,,PAC,8.pH=7.0,,PAC.PDADMAC,PDADMAC,,,9.4　　　(1)PDADMAC,PDADMAC,PDADMAC.(2)PAC+PDADMAC,pH=5.0,,.pH=7.0,,4.PAC+PDADMAC,PDADMAC,,60%,DOC、.(3)DOC,.PAC+PDADMAC,,.,,.PAC+PDADMAC,,DOC.,PAC+PDADMAC96　　　　　　28　　　　　8　pH5.0Fig.8　FlocculationmechanismofremovingthehumusatpH5.0　9　pH7.0Fig.9　FlocculationmechanismofremovingthehumusatpH7.0　,;,,1.4～1.78.:[1]JamesKE.Enhancedcoagulation:Usrequirementsandabroaderview[J].WaterScienceandTechnology,1999,40:63～70.[2].[J].,2000,20(11):1～6.[3]RizzoL,BelgiornoV,GalloM,etal.RemovalofTHMprecursorsfromahigh-alkalinesurfacewaterbyenhancedcoagulationandbehaviourofTHMFPtoxicityonD.magna[J].Desalination,2005,176:177～188.[4]CathalifaudG.Aluminiumionsorganicmoleculescomplexation:Formationconstantsandstoichiometryapplicationtodrinkingwaterproduction[J].Wat.Res.,1997,31:689～698.[5]KamSK.Theinteractionofhumicsubstanceswithcationicpolyelectrolytes[J].WaterResearch,2001,35:3557～3566.[6]ToroveL.Removalofnaturalorganicmatter(NOM)indrinkingwatertreatmentbycoagulation-microfiltrationusingmetalmembranes　　　　　[J].JournalofMembraneScience,2004,242:47～55.[7]WandreyC,Hernández-barajasJ,HunkelerD.Diallyldimeth-ylammoniumchlorideanditspolymer[J].Advs.Polym.Sci.,1999,145:82～123.[8]MatsumotoA.Polymerizationofmultiallylmonomers[J].Prog.Polym.Sci.,2001,26:189～257.[9]TianBH,LuanZK,LiMM.Low-temperaturesynthesisofallyldimethylamianebyselectiveheatingundermicrowaveirradiationusedforwatertreatment[J].RadiationPhysicsandChemistry,2005,73:328～333.[10]TianBH,FanB,PengXJ,etal.Acleanertwo-