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J.WaterResourceandProtection,2010,2,739-741doi:10.4236/jwarp.2010.28085PublishedOnlineAugust2010()Copyright©2010SciRes.JWARPPerfectionoftheElectrochemicalMethodofSewageTreatmentNikolaiP.Shapkin,EugeneK.Papynov,IrinaG.Halchenko,NellieN.Zhamskaya,SvetlanaA.Katkova,OlgaA.ApanasenkoFarEasternStateUniversity,Vladivostok,RussiaE-mail:khalch@mail.ruReceivedMay15,2010;revisedJune7,2010;acceptedJune15,2010AbstractProblemsofthegivenresearcharetostudythedependenceofelectrochemicaloxidationdegree,sewagedisinfectingandafiltrationofthefish-processingenterprisesagainsttimeinthepresenceofseawater.GiventasksaresolvedbymeansofsewageprocessinginstaticelectroflotatewithtitanicmodifiedОRТА(theorta-ruteniego-titanicanode)byseawateraddingofacertainconcentrationascoagulator.Keywords:SeaWater,Coagulation,ModifiedОrта,ElectrochemicalOxidation1.IntroductionNowdaysanactualenvironmentalproblemisclearingandrecyclingofsewage,formedatvariousstagesoftechnologicalprocessesoftheenterprises.Pollutantscontinuetoarriveinwaterobjects,despiteofallmeas-uresandthemethodsappliedtosewagetreatment.Themostdangerouspollutantsareheavymetals(HM)andorganicsubstances(fibers,fats,dyesetc.).Lastyearsthetendencyofphysicalandchemicalmod-ernizationofmethodsofsewagetreatmentofthefoodenterprisesfromalbumenswiththeaimoftheirrecyclingasvaluableadditivesofanimals,birds,andfishesforage[1]wasoutlined.Thechoiceofthesewageclearingschemeofanyenterprisedependsonmanyfactors:sew-agequantities,economicexpediencyofadmixtureex-tractionfromsewage,requirementstoqualityoftheclearedwaterwiththepurposeofusingitinthesystemsofwatersupplycirculating.Thetechnologyofthehouseholdsewageclearing,isbasedonseawaterusing,accordingtoitthedeviceforliquidwastedumpingintotheseaisapplied;thecon-tainingofthepipelineforliquidwastegivingtolandstation,locatedonseacoast,andtheby-passpipewhichislocatedonasea-bottomtorocktheseawaterintothepoolinwhichtherethemixingofawastewithseawaterinthesetparity[2]isknown.Absenceofdisinfectingsystemandlowdegreeofdrainsclearingisthedefi-ciencyofthismethod.Thewayofsewagetreatmentincludingcoagulationofalbumenousproductswithanodeoxidationusageanditssubsequentbranchcoagulate[3]isalsoknown.Theprocessiscarriedoutintwostagestoincreasethedegreeofclearance.Thewayconcernssewageofpotato-starchmanufactures.Howeverthiswaydoesnotsatisfysewagetreatmentrequirementsoffishprocessorenterprises.Since,thechemicalcompoundofsewagefromprocess-ingofhydrobiontsismorecombined;itisimpossibletoachievesufficientclearancefrominorganicadmixtureandlipidcontainedcomponentsintheknownway.Thereisthetechnologyofsewagetreatmentoftextilefactorywithuseofelectrochemicalprocessingwithanironoraluminumelectrodeanditsfurtheradditionalclearancebypolymer[4].Butthistechnologywasnotappliedforclearingofthefoodenterpriseswaters.Alsodeclareddegreeofclearanceisnotsufficientandmakes70-80%.Theclosestwaybytechnicalessenceisthewayofsewagetreatmentoffishmanufacturesbymeansofsew-ageprocessinginelectroflotatewithferrous-coalelec-trodes,withusageofsodiumchlorideascoagulateandfurthersubsequentadditionalcleaningbymeansoftheactivatedformoftseolite[5].Howevertheknownwaydemandsaconsiderablequantityofthecoagulatorandtheclearingpercentafterelectrooxidationisinsuffi-cientlyhighandmakesnomorethan70%.2.MaterialandMethodsProblemsofthegivenresearcharetostudythedepend-enceofelectrochemicaloxidationdegree,sewagedisin-fectingandafiltrationofthefish-processingenterprises740N.P.SHAPKINETAL.againsttimeinthepresenceofseawater.Giventasksaresolvedbymeansofsewageprocessinginstaticelectro-flotatewithtitanicmodifiedОRТА(theorta-ruteniego-titanicanode)byseawateraddingofacertainconcentra-tionascoagulator.Theinfluenceoftimeandseawaterconcentrationoncoagulationandelectrooxidationprocessonsewagewasinvestigatedbyus.SizesofTOCwithdifferentconcen-trationofseawaterwithОRТАwerecomparedtodefineoptimumconditionsofclearingatdifferentstagesofprocess.Seawateriseffectivesedimentofagreatnumbercol-loidalanddissolvedorganicpollutantsontheaccountofthehighmaintenanceofmagnesiumsaltsandcalciumwhicheasilyremoveachargeofcolloidalparticlesandgivelowdissolvedconnectionswithagreatnumberofpollutingsubstances(anionorganicandinorganicacids).Besides,thehighmaintenanceofchloridesinseawaterallowsreceivingatcertainpotentialwithsufficientcon-centrationagipohlorit-ionwhichisaneffectiveoxidizeroforganicandinorganicpollutants.3.Results-DiscussionResultsofstudyingofcoagulationconditionsofrealsewagefishprocessingenterprisesbyseawaterarepre-sentedgraphically(rice1,2).Fromthepresenteddependencesitisvisiblethatop-timumconcentrationofseawaterisconcentrationof35%andcoagulationtimeis90minutes.Intheresultitwasestablishedthatthemaximumde-greeofclearingisreachedunderconditionofthemain-tenanceinelectroflotateof35%ofseawatersolutionandtimeofcarryingoutofelectroflotationof90minutes.Athigherparametresclearingdegreedoesnotincrease.Thereforethefurtherresearcheswerecarriedoutunderthesechosenconditions.Resultsofclearingofrealsewageoffishprocessingenterpriseswith35%concentration