UASB及其衍生反应器的运行性能研究戴世明

UASB戴世明(南通职业大学,江苏南通226007)　:UASB,。UASB,UASB,,UASB。:UASB;;;:X703.1　　　:A　　　:1671-1556(2010)05-0017-06:2009-10-07　　:2010-05-01:(2007-52);“”:(1968—),,,,、。E-mail:[e-mail]aracteristicsofUASBandThreeAnaerobicReactorsDerivedfromUASBDAIShi-ming(NantongVocationalCollege,Nantong226007,China)Abstract:UASBandthreeanaerobicreactorsderivedfromUASBarethemostimportantprocessesandfa-cilitiesinanaerobicbiologytreatmenttechnology.ByanalyzingtheworkprinciplesofUASBandthreean-aerobicreactorsderivedfromUASB,thispaperstudiestheiroperationperformancefromfouraspectsandanalyzestheirprocessdevelopment.ThiswillbenefittoselectingUASBandthreeanaerobicreactorsde-rivedfromUASBinascientificway,improvingthetreatmenteffect,increasingthemethaneoutputfromorganicwastewaterandreducingtheoperationcost.Keywords:UASBreactor;derivativereactor;operatingcharacteristics;two-stageanaerobictreatment0　　(UpflowAnaerobicSludgeBlanket,UASB)Lettin-ga2070。,,。UASB,COD,、、、。,UASB,,。,UASB。1　UASB1.1　UASBUASB:(1)(ExpandedGranu-larSludgeBed,EGSB)。EGSB(AnaerobicFluidizedBed)UASB,,17　52010　　9　　　　　　　安全与环境工程SafetyandEnvironmentalEngineering　　　　　　Vol.17　No.5Sep.　2010,,UASB,,,。M.T.Kato[1]EGSB,COD100～700mg/L、(OVLR)12kgCOD/(m3·d),COD80%～97%。[2],5～20℃、COD1000mg/L,EGSBCOD90%。,EGSB[5～10]。(2)(UpflowSolidReac-tor,USR)。USR1982FannionUASB,5%～10%。[11～13]:USRSS。,[14]USR,,,USR,,USR“”,COD。(3)(InternalCirculation,IC)。IC1985PaquesBV,,20～24kgCOD/(m3·d),,35～50kgCOD/(m3·d),、、。[15]IC,COD5000～6000mg/L,,COD70%,、,70%0.5m3/kgCOaD,、。1.2　UASBUASB,,1。1　UASBTable1　ComparisonoftheperformanceworkbetweenUASBandotheranaerobicreactorsderivedfromUASB/(m·h-1)UASB0.5～2.5EGSB5～10:[14]、USR、5%～10%ICUASB,,10%[16]、2　UASB　　UASBpH、、、。2.1　pHUASB,VFA。。[17],250～950mg/L。,,。pH,pH6.5～7.5,pH6.518　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　安全与环境工程　　　　　　　　　　　　　　第17卷7.5,;pH,pH6.8～7.2。pH(8.0)(6.0),,;pH,pH,,,,,,。,,pH,。pH:(1),NaHCO3[18]。,、。(2)。EGSB,(5～20)pH,。(3),pH、,pH,,,,“”。2.2　,。,,,,,,pH,,。35℃,55℃,,,。,,[19]。,。,,,。,EGSB。2.3　,,,、、、,。,,,,。,,。,[20]:ρ=2·CODRD·Y·ρcell·1.14:ρ(mg/L);CODBDCOD(g/L);Y(gVSS/gCODBD),0.15,0.03;ρcell(mg/g)。2.3.1　氮、磷、硫NH+4,。,。[20],NH+4-N40～70mg/L,。,1/7～1/5,,;,,,。,CODBD∶N∶P=350∶5∶1C∶N∶P=130∶5∶1;,CODBD∶N∶P=1000∶5∶1C∶N∶P=330∶5∶1。,。mg/L。2.3.2　微量金属元素R.E.Speece[21],:N、S、P、Fe、Co、Ni、Mo、Se、B2、B12。,,19第5期　　　　　　戴世明:UASB及其衍生反应器的运行性能研究　　　　　　,,。[21,22],Fe、Co、Ni,,,,,300mg/L,3～5,COD。[23]Fe2+ICCOD,:2～10mg/LFe2+COD;Fe2+100mg/L,。NiUASBCOD,“”。F.G.Fermoso[24]UASB:129d,Ni(SMA),,,77%,;NiCl20.5μMNi,2d,99%,。,VFA,,,,[25]。2.4　,,。、、、、;(VFA)、(LCFA)、、、、、、。[16]ICCOD,2。[28];,(400mg/L),pH;(800mg/L),,。2　ICTable2　TreatmenteffectofICreactorindifferentNH+4-Nconcentrations/(mg·L-1)COD/%CH4/[L·(L·d)-1]254892.347.01303685.1313.26453549.928.13:①()IC10、OVLR37kgCOD/(m3·d)、HRT5.4h、COD9000mg/L、C∶N∶P=200∶5∶1、35±1℃。②()IC10、OVLR55.4kgCOD/(m3·d)、HRT4.1h、COD10000mg/L、C∶N∶P=200∶5∶1、35±1℃、pH=6.8～7.2。[29]IC,Na+,:Na+,,COD,VFA;Na+12000mg/L13000mg/L,COD82%56%,VFA643mg/L962mg/L,“”。[30]EGSB,:,,;2000mg/L、COD/SO2-43,,COD70%。UASB,,,,,[31]。[18],,Ca2+800mg/L、COD3000mg/L、9kgCOD/(m3·d),65%,7.5%。,pH,,Na2CO3,Ca2+。3　UASB3.1　,20　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　安全与环境工程　　　　　　　　　　　　　　第17卷:/、、,,,(),;,、H2CO2、CO2,,(,4～6d),pH、、。,、,,,,“”。,1971GhoshPohlland,,,,。:,pH(5.5～6.5),;,,。。3.2　UASBV.Diamantis[32]UASB,UASBUASBUASB,95%COD。10～30kgCOD/(m3·d)[UASB5～15kgCOD/(m3·d))],UASB,70%～90%,UASB,COD100mg/L。COD、:(HRT),COD,UASBCOD,;COD。UASB、VSS。[33]P-RCAPMP,:COD80.9%,BOD85.4%,SS66.3%;、UASB。G.Rajesh[34]UASB,25mL/min,VFA0.75mg/mgCOD,HRT1h,HRT30h,OVLR3kgCOD/(m3·d),:BOD89%,COD78%,0.56L/kgCOD,CH4(v/v)62%。3.3　[35,36],,,COD95%,SS92%,COD、SS,UASB,。,UASB,COD,73.1%,,,,。4　　UASB,,,COD,,。:[1]Kato,M.T.,J.A.Field,G.Lettinga.TheanaerobictreatmentoflowstrengthwastewaterinUASBandEGSBreactors[J].Wat.Sci.Tech.,1997,36(6-7):375-382.[2]Jules,B.Anaerobictreatmentofpartlyacidifiedwastewaterinatwo-stageexpandedgranularSludgeBed(EGSB)systemat8℃[J].Wat.Sci.Tech.,1997,36(6-7):317-324.[3]Rebac,S.High-rateanaerobictreatmentofmaltingwastewaterinapilot-scaleEGSBsystemunderpsychrophilicconditions[J].Chem.Tech.Biotechnol.,1997,68:135-146.[4]Lettinga,G.Challengeofpsychrophilicanaerobicwastewatertreatment[J].TrendsinBiotechnology,2001,19(9):363-370.21第5期　　　　　　戴世明:UASB及其衍生反应器的运行性能研究　　　　　　[5]Jeison,D.ConparisonofthebehaviourofExpandedGranularSludgeBed(EGSB)reactorandUpflowAnaerobicSludgeBlanked(UASB)reactorindiluteandconcentratedwastewatertreatment[J].Wat.Sci.Tech.,1999,40(8):91-97.[6]Austermenn-Haun,U.Fullscaleexperienceswithanaerobictreatmentplantsinthefoodandbeverageindustry[J].Wat.Sci.Tech.,1999,40(1):305-312.[7]Zoutbeng,G.R.Anaerobictreatmentofpotatoprocessingwastewater[J].Wat.Sci.Tech.,1999,40(1):297-304.[8]Nunez,L.A.AnaerobictreatmentofslaughterhousewastewaterinanExpandedGranularSludgeBed(EGSB)reactor[J].Wat.Sci.Tech.,1999,40(8):99-106.[9].(EGSB)[J].,2001,19(2):8-11.[10].[J].,2001,22(4):114-116.[11],.[J].,1995,13(1):12-14.[12].[J].,1995,13(3):26-27.[13],,,.[J].,1996,17(4):44-46.[14],,,.[J].,2009,2(5):921-922.[15],.ICAPMP[J].,2005,24(10):35-38.[16],,,.IC[J].,2008,2(4):498-501.[17]Singha,R.P.,S.Kumara,C.S.P.Ojhab.NutrientrequirementforUASB