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:2005-02-27:(Ky2001);(No.10200202002):1000-4734(2005)04-0393-06代伟伟,刘义新(,230026):,,6mol/L。(SEM)、(TEM)、(FT-IR)、X(XRF)、BET-(BET-SSA),:、,;、、,;22,0.092cm3/g0.148cm3/g,19.29nm16.46nm。,6mol/L,。:;;;;-:P574;P619.25;TB39 :A:,,1979,,,E-mail:wwdai@mail.ustc.edu.cn. ,。,[1]。()[2],,[3]。,,。[4]1,2,3,4,5mol/L3,1h,,,≤5mol/L。Barrios[5]1,3,5,7mol/L,1h。,,,7mol/L,。。,6mol/L,,。1 1.1 ,400,。(5%),105℃。1S;16mol/L(,2:3)24h,(AgNO3Cl-),105℃,30min,,S1。1.2 :,,JSM-6700F,。:,15min,,H-800,。 25 4200512 矿 物 学 报 ACTAMINERALOGICASINICA Vol.25,No.4Dec.,2005DOI:10.16461/j.cnki.1000-4734.2005.04.015:,KBr,MAGNA-IR750400～4000cm-1。X:,,,298MPa32mm,XRF-1800X。:X,/60kV/140mA(max),4kW。:,OM-NISORP-100CXN2-,77K,300℃3～4h。2 2.1 SS1SEMTEM,12,23。1(S)(S1)SEMFig.1.SEMmicrographsofnatural(S)andmodifiedpalygorskite(S1)withHCl.2(S)(S1)TEMFig.2.TEMmicrographsofnatural(S)andmodifiedpalygorskite(S1)withHCl.394 2005 1,S,;S1,。,、,,,。2,S、,S1,,。2.2 (),3475～3610,1640～1660,1190,1030,980,510,470cm-1。3400～4000cm-1SS1IR,。3(S)(S1)Fig.3.FT-IRpatternsofnatural(S)andmodifiedpalygorskite(S1)withHCl.,,3411～3615cm-1,3615cm-1(Mg、Fe);35823550cm-1;3413cm-1()[6]。,1650cm-1;1030cm-1987cm-1Si-O-Si[7]。,470cm-1Si-O-Si[8],,797.7778.2cm-1[9]。S,2919.92843.4cm-1,,[10]。S,。,S1S:729.4,881.4,1192.0,1443.9,1818.6cm-1,CO2-3[11]。6mol/L,。2.3 X SS11。,SiO224%,Al2O32%,。,SS1(SiO2/Al2O3)5.616.51。、、,。,,。,,2∶1,。TiO2,TiO2,。1(S)(S1)XRF(%)Table1.TheresultsofXRFfornatural(S)andmodifiedpalygorskite(S1)withHCl(%)SiO2Al2O3MgOFe2O3CaOK2OTiO2P2O5MnOS47.158.4119.474.5118.271.100.780.140.12S171.3810.978.765.780.441.521.010.080.043954:2.4 BET 、、[4]。60～200m2/g,300m2/g[12]。,、。SS1,BET;p/p0=0.95,p/p0=0.1[13]。-4。0.45,,;0.45,,,[14]。,0.45,25cm3/g,50cm3/g;0.8,40cm3/g,80cm3/g。。4 (S)(S1)-Fig.4.Nitrogenadsorption-desorptionisothermsofnatural(S)andmodifiedpalygorskite(S1)withHCl.5。,,20nm(),23nm,()[15]。,,S1,S1S5nm(S117nm,S22nm)。2。5(S)(S1)Fig.5.Thefullholedistributionpatternsofnatural(S)andmodifiedpalygorskite(S1)withHCl.396 20052(S)(S1)Table2.Thedataofspecificsurfaceareaandporestructurefornatural(S)andmodifiedpalygorskite(S1)withHClSBET/(m2/g)N2/(cm3/g)p/p0=0.95p/p0=0.1Vtotal/(cm3/g)Vmeso/(cm3/g)/nm/%S73.3677.0117.670.1190.09219.2977.31S1154.7132.937.410.2060.14816.4671.84 N2,,2,1,0.092cm3/g0.148cm3/g,2.83nm。。Brunauer,4SS1BETⅡ[15],(2～50nm[16]),。3 ,、,;、、,;,、。,,6mol/L。,[4,5],5～7mol/L,6mol/L,,,。S22nm,S117nm,;(2～50nm[16])。 :[1],,.———18[J].,2003,22(4):458-461.[2]VanOlphenH,FripiatJJ.Datahandbookforclaymaterialsandothernon-metallicminerals[M].Oxford:PergamonPress,1979:343.[3]Garcia-SanchezA,AlastueyA,QuerolX.Heavymetaladsorptionbydifferentminerals:applicationtotheremediationofpollutedsoils[J].Sci-enceoftheTotalEnvironment,1999,242(1-3):179-188.[4].[J].,1995,16(1):58.[5]BarriosMS,GonzalesLVF,RodriguezMAV,etal.AcidactivationofapalygorskitewithHCl:Developmentofphysico-chemical,texturalandsurfaceproperties[J].AppliedClayScience,1995,10(3):247-258.[6]AugsburgerMS,StrasserE,PerinoE,etal.FITRandMossbauerinvestigationofasubstitutedpalygorskite:SilicatewithaChannelStructure[J].JournalofPhysicsandChemistryofSolids,1998,59(2):175-180.[7]MeloDMA,RuizJAC,MeloMAF,etal.Preparationandcharacterizationofterbiumpalygorskiteclayasacidcatalyst[J].MicroporousandMesoporousMaterials,2000,38(2-3):345-349.[8]LynwoodHW,SchwintIA.Attapulgite,ItsPropertiesandApplication[J].IndustrialandEngineeringChemistry,1967,59(9):58-69.[9]FarmerVC.TheInfraredSpectraofMinerals[M].London:MineralogicalSociety,1974:331-365.[10]BainDC,FraserAR.AnUnusuallyInterlayeredClayMineralfromtheEluvialHorizonofahumus-ironPodzol[J].ClayMinerals,1994,29(1):69-76.[11]HuangCK,KeerPF.InfraredStudyoftheCarbonateMinerals[J].AmericanMineralogist,1960,45:311-324.[12],.[J].,2003,23(4):2.[13]GirgisBS,YunisSS,SolimanAM.Characteristicsofactivatedcarbonfrompeanuthullsinrelationtoconditionsofpreparation[J].MaterialsLetters,2002,57(1):164-172.3974:[14],.:[M].:,1979:113-117.[15] .[D].:,2003:103-105.[16]GreggSJ,SingKSW.Adsorption,Surfacearea,andPorosity[M].London:AcademicPress,1982:286.MINERALOGICALCHARACTERISTICSANDPORESTRUCTUREOFPALYGORSKITEPRE-ANDPOST-HYDROCHLORICACIDMODIFICATIONFROMMINGGUANG,ANHUIDAIWei-wei,LIUYi-xin(SchoolofEarthandSpaceScience,UniversityofScienceandTechnologyofChina,Hefei230026,China)Abstract:Inordertoamendthesuperficialperformanceofpalygorskiteandimproveitsappliedvalue,naturalpalygorskite(NP)wastreatedinthedippingandionicexchangingexperimentsusing6mol/Lhydrochloricacidinthispaper.Andtheperformanceofthemodifiedpalygorskite(MP)wasinvestigatedbyscanningandtransmissionelectronmicroscopic,Fouriertransforminfrared,X-rayfluorescent,BET-specificsurfaceareaandfullholedistributionanalyses.Theresultsshowedthathydrochloricacidtreatmentcanmakethegracileandaggregatingcompactcrystalbundlesinsidepalygorskiteclaybro-kenanddispersed,andtheroughnessdegreeofmicrocrystallinesurfaceincrease;someimpuritieslikeCa,Mg,Mnhavebeenremovedgreatly,whichmayberelatedwiththeexistentialformoftheseimpuritiesinpalygorskitemineral;thespecif-icsurfaceareaandthetotalpo