棓花青褪色光度法测定电镀废水中的铬郭振良

(Ⅵ)郭振良　姜　华(,264025)　在硫磷混酸介质,100℃恒温水浴中,铬(Ⅵ)能氧化花青显著褪色,据此建立了测定铬(Ⅵ)的新方法。铬(Ⅵ)的浓度在0～1.04μgmL范围内符合比耳定律,表观摩尔吸光系数为1.90×104Lmol·cm。此法用于测定电镀废水中铬(Ⅵ)的含量,结果令人满意。　铬(Ⅵ)　花青　褪色光度法1　Cr(Ⅵ),Cr(Ⅵ)[1～5],[6](Ⅵ),(Ⅵ),(Ⅵ),(Ⅵ)。,,(Ⅵ)0～1.04μgmL。、、,(Ⅵ),。2　2.1　主要仪器与试剂722;WC09-05;FA1604。(Ⅵ)(1.0mgmL)　0.2829gK2Cr2O7100mL,100。(Gallocyanine,GC)(5.0×10-4molL)　0.1700g,0.1molLNaOH1.0mL,,,1000mL,,。　2molLH2SO42molLH3PO4。,。2.2　实验方法21.5mL,1.5mL,1(Ⅵ)(),1(),212.5mL,100℃5min,5min,,1cm,530nmAA0,ΔA=A0-A。3　3.1　吸收曲线与最大吸收波长,1。,(Ⅵ),530nm,530nmΔA,530nm。1　3.2　实验条件选择3.2.1　、、、-(pH=4.0)、-(pH=5.4)(Ⅵ),。1.0～4.0mLΔA,1.5mL。3.2.2　20～100℃,53　　　20034212DOI:10.13205/j.hjgc.2003.02.0190.5～2.0mL。,,A0,A,ΔA,100℃ΔA。,20～80℃,ΔA;100℃,1.5mLΔA,,ΔA,100℃,1.5mL。3.2.3　Arrhenius,lnΔA=-(EaRT)+B,B,60～100℃lnΔA1T,,9.95kJmol。2　3.2.4　,。ΔA,4minΔA,5min,5min,3h。3.3　工作曲线,0～1.04μgmL(Ⅵ)ΔA,ΔA=0.00314+0.3625c,r=0.9986,c(Ⅵ)(μgmL),1.90×104Lmol·cm。9,,0.84%。Sb,Sc,Clim=3SbSc,0.037μgmL(Ⅵ)。3.4　共存离子的影响(Ⅵ),(Ⅵ)10.0μg,±5%,:K+、Na+、Cl-、Zn2+、Mg2+(6000);NH4+、SO42-、F-(1000);Mn2+、Cr3+、Ni2+(200);Al3+(150);NO3-、Ca2+(100);W4+、Hg2+、Ag+、Cd2+、Cu2+、Ce4+、BrO3-(20);Pb2+、Fe3+(2);AsO33-(0.3);MnO4-(0.125);IO3-(0.1)。,AsO33-、MnO4-、IO3-,。AsO33-、IO3-,。MnO4-,MnO4-。4　1.5mL,1.5mL。1mL,,12.5mL,100℃5min,5min,1.5～2.0mL6,[7],。　(Ⅵ)mL(n=6)μg·mL-1(n=4)μg·mL-1%%114.214.699.01.871　.CrO3.,1994.14(5):32.2　..,1992.12(5):25～26.3　..,1994.14(30):30～31.4　.(Ⅵ).,1998.17(1):26～28.5　.Cr(Ⅲ)Cr(Ⅵ).,2000.20(4):33～35.6　.(Ⅵ).,1994.14(4):28～29.7　..:,1974.　　264025　。　　[phone]E-mail　[e-mail]2002-08-1654　　　20034212SPECTROPHOTOMETRICDETERMINATIONOFCr(Ⅵ)INELECTROPLATINGEFFLUENTWITHFADINGREACTIONOFGALLOCYANINEGuoZhenliangetal(53)………………………………………Abstract　ThefadingoxidationofgallocyaninebyCr(Ⅵ)inH2SO4-H3PO4mediumat100℃isinvestigated.Themaximumabsorptivitywavelengthis530nmandtheapparentmolarabsorptivityis1.90×104Lmol·cm.Beer'slawwillbeobeyediftheconcentrationofCr(Ⅵ)isintherangeof0～1.04μgmL.ThemethodhasbeenappliedtothedeterminationofCr(Ⅵ)inelectroplatingeffluentwithsatisfactoryresults.Keywords　chromium(Ⅵ),gallocyanineandfadingspectrophotometryAPPLICATIONOFNETWORKSAMPLING-CLUSTERANALYSISINOPTIMIZATIONOFMONITORINGSITESFengZhiyu(55)…………………………………………………………………………………………Abstract　TheambinetairsamplingsitesofShenyangEconomicandTechnicalDevelopmentZonewereoptimizedbynetworksampling-clusteranalysis,bywhichfoursiteswereselectedfromfourteen,inordertoobtaintherepresentativemonitoringdata.Thecostofthemonitoringwasloweredontheprerequisiteforensuringthereliabilityofthemonitoringdata.Keywords　networksampling,clusteranalysis,optimizationandsamplingsitesTHESTUDYOFDETERMINATIONOFFORMALDEHYDEINAIRBYFORMALDEHYDEANALYZERZhangHairongetal(58)……………………………………………………………………………………………Abstract　Themethodofdeterminingformaldehydeinairbyformaldehydeanalyzerisstudied.Theoptimumreadingconditionoftheanalyzerisworkedout.Byexperimentsthedegreeofprecisionandnicetyareideal.Thereisnosignificantdifferencebetweenthismethodanddiacetonespectrophotometry.Themethodisfastandsensitive.Themethodsolvestheproblemofvolumemonitoringsatsites.Keywords　formaldehyde,air,formaldehydeanalyzerandanalyticmethodMARKOVMETHODOFDYNAMICASSESSMENTONWATERQUALITYHeBinetal(60)…………Abstract　Accordingtorandomprocesstheory,thepaperconstructedanewtypeofpossibilitytransitionmatrix,andinductedprogressdegreeconcept.Basedonthematrixandprogressdegree,comprehensivequalityofwaterwasdynamicallyassessed.Themethodwasexplainedthrougharealexample.Keywords　possibilitytransitionmatrix,progressdegree,comprehensivequalityofwater,dynamicassessmentandexampleanalysisSYSTEMICANALYSISOFSENSITIVITYOFGAUSSMODELFORATMOSPHERICDIFFUSIONHongWeietal(62)…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………Abstract　ThesensitivityanalysisoftheparametersofGaussmodelforatmosphericdiffusionisconductedtoknowthesensitivityofeveryfactortoairpollutantsdiffusion.Theresultsshowthatincreasingtheheightofachimenyisaneffectivemethodtoreducetheconcentrationgroundapollutionsource;yettheconcentrationatalongdistanceawayfromapollutionsourcecanbeloweredonlybydecreasingtheemissionofapollutant.Keywords　Gaussmodel,parameter,sensitivityanalysisandconcentrationofpollutantDISTRIBUTIONFORECASTANDCONTROLMEASURESOFAIRTSPCONCENTRATIONINURBANAREAOFXUANHUAWangGuihuaetal(65)……………………………………………………………………Abstract　AccordingtothefuelconsumptionanddirectTSPemissionamount,thispapercalculatestotalTSPemissionamountinurbanareaofXuanhua.Undertheconditionthatemissionsourceparametersandlocalmeteorologicalconditiondatahavebeendetermined,ISCST3modelisusedtosimulateandforcastthespatialdistributionofTSPconcentrations.Thustheconclusionsaredrawnthatinsummermorethan20.6%receptorshaveanaveragemonthlyTSPcocnentrationofovergrade-2ambinetairqualitystandard,andinwintermorethan34.9%receptorshaveanaveragemonthlyconcentrationofovergrade-2ambinetairqualitystandard.TheairqualityatMartyrCemeteryreceptorisbetterthanthatatDistrictGovernmentreceptor,andtheairqualityatDistrictGovernmentreceptorisbetterthanthatatCokingPlantreceptor.AndtheCokingPlantreceptorhasanaveragemonthlyTSPconcentrationofovergrade-2ambientairqualitystandardinthewholeyear.