北方玉米秸秆与猪粪混合厌氧发酵研究

沈阳建筑大学硕士学位论文北方玉米秸秆与猪粪混合厌氧发酵研究姓名：庞小平申请学位级别：硕士专业：环境工程指导教师：牛明芬2011-03IL9(34)44-6cm351.5:190%2120mL3025230mL30-404-6cm3060%-80%10d1.5:190%35AbstractIIIAbstractOntheconditionthatChinahastheincreasinglysternenergyproblemandneedstovigorouslydevelopanduseofBiomassenergy.Alargeresourcequantitycornstrawcanbeusetoanaerobicfermentation,whichcannotonlyimprovetherurallivingenvironmentinourcountry,butalsocanprovidepeoplewithcleanenergy.Thetechniqueandthecostofthepretreatmentmethodsofcornstrawishighincurrentfermentationtechnology.Thereisalmostnosystematicresearchforanaerobicfermentation,whichbassonthecharacteristicofnorthernclimate.It'spracticallysignificanttochoseanecessarypreprocessingandaoptimalconditionsforanaerobicfermentation.Useself-designedbiogasfermentationdevice,selectthecornstrawandpigmanureoffermentationrawmaterialtostudy.Inordertostudydifferentcornstalk,temperature,thequalityratiobetweenpigmanureandcornstalk,feedratioimpactsonthefermentationprocessaswellastheforefactors’significanteffectimpactonfermentationprocess,ananaerobicfermentationexperimentwithmixedcornstrawandpigmanurewasconducted.Theexperimentalsostudyeffectofcompostonbiogasgenerationofcornstrawsunderanaerobicfermentation.Conclusionsareasfollows:(1)Thistestusesasingle-factorrepeatteststostudyinfluencingfactorsofanaerobicfermentation.Thebiogasproductionwasmeasuredundertheconditionsoftemperature25and35,strawgranularity1cm,1-3cm,and5-10cm,andmassratioofcornstrawtopigmanure1:1,1.5:1,2:1.Theresultsshowedthatthedailyandcumulativebiogasproductionswerethehighestunderconditionsoftemperature35,strawgranularity1-3cm,andmassratioofcornstrawtopigmanure1.5:1.(2)Multi-factorandmulti-levelorthogonalexperimentsprogramwascarriedouttodetermineeffectsofgranularitiesofcornstalk,temperature,thequalityratiobetweenpigmanureandcornstalk,feedratioonbiogasproductionofanaerobicfermentationmoisture,timeandonthedegradationrate.ResultsshowthatFourfactorshadsignificantinfluenceeffectonbiogasproduction.Theoptimalconditionsforanaerobicfermentationwerecornstalkkeeping4-6cm,35intemperature,thequalityratiobetweencornstalkandpigmanurto1.5:1and90%infeedratio.Undersuchconditions,thebiogasproductionismuchbetterthantheothersandtheyieldpeakedhigher.Thehighistnumberofdailybiogasproductionreached2120mL.(3)Anorthogonalexperimentprogramwascarriedouttodetermineeffectsoftemperature,moisture,timeandgranularitiesofcornstalkonthedegradationrateofcelluloseandlignin,andcomparethebiogasgenerationbetweencompostedcornstrawswithuncompostedones.ResultsshowthatthedegradationrateofcelluloseandligninandthebiogasproductionratecanbeIVAbstractenhanced.Temperatureisthemainaffectingfactorincornstrowcomposting.Theoptimalconditionsforcompostingwere30-40.Wemustchooseotherconditionsbypractice.(4)BythemeansofcompostingcornstrawandcontrollingtheconditionsofanaerobicfermentationcanpromotethebiogasgenerationduringanaerobicfementationinNorthChina.Therecommendedparameterwerefirstcompostingandthananaerobicfermentation.Theconditionsforcompostingwere30intemperature,60%inmoisture,10daysintimeandcornstalk(4-6cm).Theconditionsforanaerobicfermentationwere35intemperature,thequalityratiobetweencornstalkandpigmanurto1.5:1and90%infeedratio.Onlyinthisway,canproductmuchbiogas.Keyword:Cornstraw,Pigmanure,Temperature,Granularity,Thequalityratio,Composting,Anaerobicfermentation1[1][2-3][5][7][8][9]7[10][11]2[12][13][14],[15]15%44.22%0.62%0.25%1.44%[16-17]1-1Fig1-1Thematerialcompositionofstraw70~80%340%15%-30%7%-15%500~10000[18]1-11-121.2%1-1Table1-1Primaryusesofthecropsstrawinourcountry%16.114.8452.921.2165%~80%20%~35%[18]90[20]420%[21]219991000126.8%2.3%70%48.5%[22]1-12.9%3(1)(2)5(3)90:4CO;10%~15%[25][26]1998160380170[27][28][29]6PVC0.25-0.35m355%[30]1998[31]CH4CO2H2S[32-34]203071-21-3Figurel-2Anaerob1eDigestionDiagramFigurel-3AnaerobieDigestionDiagramforThree-PhaseTheoryforFour-PhaseTheory1979Bryantlzgl(1-2)[32,33]pHpHH2HCO3-CH3COOHpH2/3Zeikuslao(1-3)[3234]-38(1)[35-36](2)[37](3)[38](1)1-291-2Table1-3thedevelopmentcourseofanaerobicfermentationabroad1630Vamelmeut1776Volta1781186618751881Mouras1896(Exeter)190119161936HABark-er,1950(R.E.Hungate)19671972Mpbryallt(2)1896[39]102001207001m320900-22990KJ0.76t[40]1920[41-46]207080209015[47-50]--[51-60]1-3111-3[61]Tabel1-3ReviewofDevelopmentofHouseholdBiogasDigestesinChina206020702090(1)2030(1.5-2)35[62][63][64][65-66]12[67][68~69](2)C/NC/NpHpH8.0(2030):1[70][71][72][73][74][75](3)[76][77][78][79][80](4)PHpHpH13pH6.8-7.4pH6.47.6pH5.5pHpH(5),10020020300.60.8mm2030mm10-20cm2-3cm20-302-3cm(6)COD[81][82][83][84][85][86][87][88]14(7)(1)(2)NaOH(3)15(4)[91]11234216L9(34)3L9(34)1710[92]1-11-2[92,93]2-12003[2](106t)Tablel2-1CropsandstrawpoductionofChinain2003198.480.97191.7329.93128.091.37175.4827.39113.871.03117.3918.312-22003[93](106t)Table2-2ResourceextentanddistributionofcropsandstrawproductionofChinain20032.1132.5820.4717.0553.523.7067.5028.3843.0171.9523.7927.0431.2022.299.741.9314.9513.33191.74175.48117.30l-11-2:75.63%182-1Fig.2-1thesourceofHunrivercontaminationbycornstrowInnorthChina10cm2-15320%2-3Ta