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:2002-01-25:(1970-),,,2003,,,。:(980528)。王 宁,陈秋燕,袁文辉,关建郁(,510641) :,,(C)(t),C—t。。,C=A+Ktg-1(t-τ),。,,CC01/2,t=τ,K,。,,,,(r≥0.9927)。,C—t。,,。,Kτ(r≥0.9999),。,C0Kτ,。,。 :;;;;; :X78 :A :1001-2141(2003)03-0019-03 (VOCs),、、、。,,、。,。,、,,。,[1-3]。VOCs[4-5]。[6-8]。,,。,。,。,[9-10],,。1 1.1 :,80-100()。,()。1.2 11.46g,+,10.5cm,1.8cm,0.429g/cm3,εB0.4,30℃,80%。1.3 200g,3,5%3,5%3。,。,,200℃,,1h,,,。1.4 1.4.1 4mm×2m。1.4.2 ,,。,(101,β,5%)。,,,。,[9]。1.4.3 ,(),(),,3h145℃,24h,。,。1.4.4 ,25 3 20033。1.4.5 110℃,40ml/min,80℃,110℃,150mA。1.5 1.;2.;3.();4.VOCs;5.;6.;7.l;8.2;9.;10.;11.;12.1 VOCs ,,。,。,VOCs,,VOCs。,()C0,,VOCs,。10,5%,。VOCs,。10min,5min,VOCs,,,,。(min),(%)。。,、、,VOCs,。1.6 ,,,。[10]。[9]:1.00,0.86,1.02,0.893。,76.7%23.3%()。2 2.1 —(C—t)2 2.2 l,,。,:C=A+Ktg-1(t-f)(1),C,C0,。t,fC0/2,f=(ta+tb)/2。tb,ta,tb-ta=T。ta,ta=tb-2(tb-f)(2)(1),。t=f=(ta+tb)/2(3)C=C0/2 (4)20 25(3)(4)(1)A=C0/2(5)(5)(1)C=C0/2+Ktg-1(t-f)(6)(6),dCdt=K1+(t-f)2 (7)(7)(3),dCdt=K(8)f。K,,。C0,K。,KC0,C0K,(3)ta,,1。1 C0(%)t(min)9.3039.742.352.863.465.95.2450.453.465.577.680.50.87122.5125.3136.6148.1150.8C(W%)00.05C00.5C00.95C0C0 ,,,(6)。2。2 (r)C0(%)GrA(%)K(%)τ(min)9.30C=A+KGtg-1(t-τ)0.99274.650.0492052.85.240.99892.620.0290465.50.870.99890.4350.00484136.6 ,。,,,。,Kτ,3。3 KτC0(r)rlgK=-2.2868+0.98334lgC00.9999K=0.00517C0.98334lgτ=1.3038-0.40315lgC00.9999τ=20.12956C-0.40310 3(6)C=0.5C0+0.00517C0.98330× tg-1(t-20.17884)C-0.40310)(9)C=0.5C0+0.00517C0× tg-1(t-20.12956C-0.40)(10)3 3.1 Ct,,(C),(t)。C-t,。,C=A+Ktg-1(t-τ),C—t。,。,Ctg-1(t-τ),(r≥0.9927)。,。,。t=τ,τ。,K。。,,。,KτC0,,(r≥0.9999)。,C0Kτ,(8),(6)。,。3.2 C(t)C(t)t,,。,,。,。,。,。,,。3.3 ,C—t(4),t=τ,。。,。,,,。,,(下转第55页)213 :,(),。,、。,:1.,,();2.、,;3.,;4.、,,,;5.。,,,。(21)。,,50%。,。5%,。,。,。,,,,。,,,,。。,。。。,,,。,,。,。,,。4 1 ..,1996,2:612 Ruhl.,M.J.,RecoverVOCsViaAdsorptiononActivatedCarbon,Chem.Eng.Progress,1993,89(7):37～413 EdwardC.Morettietal.VOCControl:CurrentPracticesandFutureTrends.Chem.Eng.Progress,1993,89(7):20～264 .:.,1997,44(3):49～59,665 AjayGupta,DavidCrompton,ChoosingtherightadsorptionmediumforVOCcontrol,MetalFinishing,1993,10:686 ,H,E..:,19907 MagnusA.Danielsson,VictorHudon,VOCemissioncontrolusingafluidized-bedadsorptionsystem,MetalFinishing,1994,6:89～918 Lin,S.H.;Hsu,F.M.;Ho,H.J,Gas-phaseadsorptionofVOCbyGACandactivatedcarbonfiber,Environ.Technology,1995,16(3):253～2619 ..:,1986:114～13010 AlokA.PotaandAlexanderP.Mathews,Effectsofparticlestratificationonfixedbedabsorberperformance,J.Environmental.Eng.,1999,8:705～711(51) 、,,,。,,。,,。5 1 ..:,19902 .,1990,6(2):17～103 ..:,1989(53)、,。 :、。5 1 ..:,1986.32～622 ..:,1986.55～813 ..:,1998.134～182553 :2.South-WestAgricultureUniversity,Chongqing400716)Abstract:AnalysingthemaineutrophicationfactorsbytheeutrophicationstandardinJuly2002.TheresearchindicatedthatthewaterbodywasatthelevelofeutrophicationinChangshouReservoir.Thecontentoftotelnitrogenandtotelphosphoruswerehigh.Totelnitrogenwasbelowofenvironmentalqualitystandardforsurfacewaterfifthinallofmonitoringsites.ThemainplantswereLemnaPaucicostataandSpirodelapolyrhiza.Thethreemainfactorsaffectingthewaterqualitywereaquaticbreedingproductspollution,nonpointpollution,industrialwastewateranddomesticsewagepollutioninChangshouReservoir.Keywords:Changshoureservoir;waterenvironmentalquality;eutrophication.RemovalofAOCandMutagensfromDrinkingWaterbyNanofiltrationMembraneProcessesLiLingzhi,WangZhansheng(1.DepartmentofChemistry,PingdingshanNormalCollege,Pingdingshan467002;2.DepartmentofEnvironmentalScience&Engineering,TsinghuaUniversity,Beijing100084)Abstract:Basedonthedischargedwaterfromtwowatersupplyplants,ofwhichoneusesTaihuLakewaterasitssourcewaterandthesourcewateroftheothercomesfromHuaiheRiver,theeffectsofapplicationofnanofiltrationmembraneprocessesonremovalofassimilableorganiccarbon(AOC)andmutagensindrinkingwaterhavebeeninvestigated.80%forAOCandmorethan90%formutagensremovalhavebeenachieved,whichcankeepthetreateddrinkingwaterbio-stableandchangethepositiveofAmestestsonthenon-nanofiltrationtreatedwaterintonegative.Keywords:nanofiltrationmembrane;AOC;mutagens;drinkingwater.DynamicRelationofTimeandConsistencyofBenzenePassingthroughPowderActiveCarbonFixedBedWangNing,ChenQiuyan,YuanWenhui,GuanJianyu(SouthChinaUniversityofTechnology,Guangzhou510641)Abstract:Usinggaschromatographyandmeasuringconsistencies(C)andtimes(t)ofbenzene,whichpassedthroughtheactivecarbonbedandtookondifferentconsistencyofinfluentsample,andC-t’scurvediagramwasdrawnbymeasureddata.EstablishinglinearrelationequationC=A+Ktg-1(t-τ),whichwasofinversetangentfunction,asthemathematicalmodelfoundationwiththefunctionthatthecurvewascorresponding.Inordertoverifyitsreliability,therecurrenceandregressioncalculationweretakenthrough.Resultshowedpassthroughconsistencyandtimeanywayinversetangentbetweentwovalue,allassumedhighlypositiverelated(r≥0.9927).ThinkingthatC-t’smathematicalmodelofestablishmentwasfeasible.ButfindingbetweenthelogarithmofequationconstantKandτandlogarithmofconsistencyofinfluentsamplepresentedhighlylinearrelated(r≥0.9999),theconstantwastheexponentialfunctionofconsistency.Sowithaconsistency