表层底泥翻耕对太湖藻源性湖泛的预控作用

J．LakeSci．2015274607-615DOI10．18307/2015．04072015byJournalofLakeSciences*1123＊＊1120043422141013210008．、、．10cm20cm．1d180d540d10cm20cm．．Effectsofplow-tillageonthepreventionandcontrolofalgae-causedblackbloomHEWei1CHENYuquan1GUChunxin2FANChengxin3＆CAILijing11ShanghaiInvestigationDesign＆ＲesearchInstituteCo．Ltd．Shanghai200434P．Ｒ．China2WuxiXishanDistrictWaterＲesourcesBureauWuxi214101P．Ｒ．China3NanjingInstituteofGeographyandLimnologyChineseAcademyofSciencesNanjing210008P．Ｒ．ChinaAbstractBlack-bloomwasanenvironmentissuethatoftenoccurredrecentlyandthepollutedsurfacesedimentwasknownasthemostimportantreasonforitsoccurrence．Plow-tillagewasacost-effectiveandpracticableengineeringmeasurewhichwasdesignedforinternalloadingcontrol．Basedonthesimulatedexperimentinlaboratoryeffectsofplow-tillageonthepreventionandcontrolofalgae-causedblackbloomwasstudied．Thecolorandodornutrientconcentrationofoverlayingwatertheconcentrationsofvolatilesulfurcompoundsandphysicochemicalcharacteristicofsedimentweremeasured．Theresultswereshowedasfollowsblackbloomoccurredinbothcontrolchecksetandtreatmentsetsldayafterplow-tillageforthetwodiffirentplow-tillagedepthsbutitsdurationanddegreeincontrolchecksetweremoreseriousthanthoseintreatmentsetsldayafterplow-tillage．Thetreatmentsetsof180and540daysafterplow-tillageofbothdepthsdidn'texperiencedblackbloomduringthewholesimulatedexperiment．Overalltheap-propriateprojecttimeofplow-tillagecanpreventtheoccurrenceandcontrolthedegreeofalgae-causedblackbloom．KeywordsSurfacesedimentplow-tillageblackbloomphysicochemicalpropertiesvolatilesulfurcompoundsblackbloom、、．、．“”“”、、1．2007529、200＊＊＊TH2013214、“”NIGLAS201213500841103033．2014-06-062014-09-22．1985～[e-mail][e-mail]2．72007．4．8、．7-8．、9．10-11．、12．-．13-14．2315．5816-17．、、．、．11．157．2km2、18-19．8．31．39°N120．05°E．1．2Φ110mmL500mmＲigoCo．Japan30cm516-17．10cmPT-1020cmPT-20．10cm10cm10cm．-．15～20cm±2℃21．1d3d180540d180540d．6091．37CK、1dPT-10-d1、PT-20-d1、180dPT-10-d180、PT-20-d180、540dPT-10-d540、PT-20-d540．2m35～40cm160cm2d30．50g5000g/m2516-1725±1℃20085．7-20cm75ml．50mlGF/CWhatmanNH+4-N、PO3－4-P．25ml．．0～1、1～2、2～3、3～4、4～55～6cm100LOI、TPTN．1．41．4．1．4920、、、、、、．0、1、2、34．1．4．2H2SMeSH、DMS、DMDSDMTS．5．HS-SPMEAgilent7890AGC-FPDAgilentUSA．SupelcoCAＲ/PDMS75μmNo．57318USAAgilent7890AGC-FPD-Gaspro60m×0．32mm40mlPTFE．65℃500/min30min．GC-FDA3ml/min50ml/min65ml/min21-22．1．4．3NH+4-N23PO3－4-P24．LOI25TP26TN23．222d733CK、PT-10-d1PT-20-d1．2．112dCKPT-10-d11dPT-20-d1CK14dCK2dCK22d．1d2PT-10-d1、PT-20-d1CK22CK1．610J．LakeSci．20152741Tab．1Changesinwatercolorduringtheexperiment/d12345678910111213141516171819202122CK0000000000012332222110PT-10-d10000000000011211122100PT-20-d10000000000001121221210PT-10-d1800000000000000000001000PT-20-d1800000000000000000000000PT-10-d5400000000000000000000000PT-20-d54000000000000000000000001d11dCKPT-20-d112dPT-10-d1．CKPT-10-d1PT-10-d121d2．2Tab．2Changesintheodorofthewatersamplesduringtheexperiment/d12345678910111213141516171819202122CK0000000000112332221121PT-10-d10000000000011212112111PT-20-d10000000000112121121100PT-10-d1800000000000000000001000PT-20-d1800000000000000000000000PT-10-d5400000000000000000000000PT-20-d540000000000000000000000031dPT-10-d1、PT-20-d1CK．．LowerMystic227-28H2S．WaddenH2S2029-31．DMTS2．．2．211dH2SCK、PT-20-d1PT-10-d13H2S14d2384．40、2017．201358．55μg/L4H2S1．9dPT-10-d180H2SH2S900μg/L．2dMeSH2d．6dCKPT-10-d1MeSHCK10d．11d7MeSH7611MeSHCK、PT-10-d1PT-20-d1MeSH11d17d3MeSH41．7DMS1μg/L10d11dDMSCK、PT-10-d1PT-20-d1DMS41．17dDMS．1Fig．1ChangesofvolatilesulfurcompoundsconcentrationsinoverlayingwatersamplesduringtheexperimentDMDSDMTS2dDMDSDMTS6d11d．CK、PT-10-d1PT-20-d1DMDSDMTS4612J．LakeSci．2015274．DMDSDMTS4DMDSDMTSCK、PT-10-d1PT-20-d1DMDSDMTS．2DOa、NH+4-NbPO3－4-PcFig．2ChangesofdissolvedoxygenaNH+4-NbandPO3－4-PcconcentrationsduringtheexperimentH2SH2SMeSHMeSHDMSH2S、DMDS、DMTS32．Zhang、、．6．H2SH2S．2．32．3．1DO．DO8mg/LDODODO2mg/LDO4d0DO0～1mg/L2a．DO016DO1mg/L9．DODO．2dNH+4-N10dCK、PT-10-d1PT-20-d1NH+4-N14d2b．NH+4-NCKTNNH+4-NPT-10-d16131d10cm1dNH+4-N．PO3－4-P2cPO3－4-P9dPO3－4-PCK、PT-10-d1PT-20-d1PO3－4-P13dPO3－4-PPO3－4-P16d．PT-20-d1PO3－4-PPO3－4-P．Fe-P33DOFe3+34．PO3－4-PTPPO3－4-P35-36．2．3．23PT-10-d1PT-20-d1180d21dPT-10-d180PT-20-d18058．85%58．65%540d．LOIPT-20-d1LOILOI4．84%LOI5．24%～5．42%LOI6．67%LOI．TNTPTPCKTP630．44mg/kgTPPT-20-d180419．28mg/kgTP288．55～343．42mg/kg．LOI、TPTN．CKPT-10-d1PT-20-d1CK2NH+4-NPO3－4-P1dTP、TNLOI7PT-10-d1PT-20-d1CK．31-、、．2．1d1d180d540d．3H2S．457．、．10cm20cm614J．LakeSci．20152743Fig．3Verticalprofilesofphysicochemicalpropertiesinthesediments10cm．41．“”．2009203438-442．2YangMYuJWLiZLetal．TaihuLakenottoblameforWuxi'swoes．Science20083195860158．3QinBZhuGGaoGetal．AdrinkingwatercrisisinLakeTaihuChinaLinkagetoclimaticvariabilityandlakeman-agement．EnvironmentalManagement2010451105-112．4．“”．201026341-4452．5．-Fe、Mn、S．201031112652-2660．6ZhangXJChenCDingJQetal．The2007watercrisisinWuxiChinaAnalysisoftheorigin．JournalofHazardousMaterials20101821/2/3130-135．6157．2007．2007194357-358．8．2009“”．2010224481-487．9HeWShangJLuXetal．Effectsofsludgedredgingonthepr