表面流人工湿地中水生植被的净化效应与组合系统净化效果

2810200810ActaScientiaeCircumstantiaeVo.l28,No.10Oct.,2008:(973)(No.2006CB403306)SupportedbytheNationalBasicResearchProgramofChina(973)(No.2006CB403306):(1984),;*(),E-mai:[e-mail]:CHENJinjun(1984),male;*Correspondingauthor,E-mai:[e-mail],翀,郑少奎.2008.表面流人工湿地中水生植被的净化效应与组合系统净化效果[J].环境科学学报,28(10):2029-2035ChenJJ,ZhengC,ZhengSK.2008.Pollutantpurificationperformanceofasurfaceflowconstructedwetlandplantedwithdifferentaquaticmacrophytesandtheircombination[J].ActaScientiaeCircumstantiae,28(10):2029-2035陈进军,郑翀,郑少奎*北京师范大学环境学院水环境模拟国家重点实验室,北京100875:2007-10-24:2008-03-20:2008-07-07:,(()()());(--),.,,,(1.5),(80%30%);3CODCrTNNH+4-N(),CODCrTN(CODCrTN35.8mgL-16.86mgL-1,58.91%7667%),.,6.2cmd-1,CODCr,.:;;;;;:0253-2468(2008)10-2029-07:X703:APollutantpurificationperformanceofasurfaceflowconstructedwetlandplantedwithdifferentaquaticmacrophytesandtheircombinationCHENJinjun,ZHENGChong,ZHENGShaokui*StateKeyLabofWaterEnvironmentSimulation,SchoolofEnvironment,BeijingNormalUniversity,Beijing100875Received24October2007;receivedinrevisedform20March2008;accepted7July2008Abstract:Thepollutantpurificationperformanceofasurfaceflowconstructedwetland(SFCW)plantedwithdifferentaquaticmacrophytes,.ie.submerged(Vallisneriaspiralis),floating(Eichhorniacrassipes)andemergent(Phragmitesaustralis)aquaticmacrophytes,wasinvestigatedwithnon-vegetatedSFCWascontro.lSubsequently,in-situpurificationofeutrophicationriverwaterwasinvestigatedbyademonstrationprojectofmult-istageSFCW(aerobicpond-Eichhorniacrassipeswetland-Vallisneriaspiraliswetland).Inbatchcultures,theevapotranspirationsinPhragmitesaustralis,EichhorniacrassipesandVallisneriaspiralissystemwere150%,80%and30%ofthatinthecontrolsystem.TheintroductionofdifferentaquaticmacrophytesintotheSFCWsignificantlyimprovedtheremovalefficienciesofchemicaloxygendemand(CODCr)andtotalnitrogen(TN).EichhorniacrassipessystemhadthehighestCODCrandTNremovalefficiencies,58.91%and76.67%,respectively,atinitialconcentrationsofCODCrandTNof358and6.86mgL-1,respectively.TheapplicationofVallisneriaspiralissignificantlyincreasedtheaccumulationofoxidizednitrogen(NO-x-N)inthewaterbody.Moreover,ademonstrationprojectofthemult-istageSFCWachievedbetterCODCrremovalefficiencyatahydraulicloadof6.2cmd-1thatdeterioratedatahigherhydraulicload.Keywords:surfaceflowconstructedwetland;aquaticmacrophyte;eutrophication;in-situpurification;Eichhorniacrassipes;Vallisneriaspiralis1(Introduction),(Rousseauetal.,2004;,2006),3(Vymaza,l282005a).(,2007),()(),,.,.,(Kernetal.,1999;Sooknahetal.,2004;Dierbergetal.,2002).,(Vymaza,l2007),.,,,,.,,,,:,;;.2(Materialsandmethods)2.1试验场地().,,15.7,1177mm.,7~9.,,,(,2006).2.2批量盆栽试验条件下水生植物的引入对不同污染物净化的影响研究(Phragmitesaustralis)(Eichhorniacrassipes)(Vallisneriaspiralis)3.3,372cm()52cm()45cm()PVC,10cm(),101m-2,56m-2,112m-2(112m-2,67m-2,131m-2),();..1000L,,7d,(1).23~36,.1Table1InitialwaterqualityinfourbatchexperimentalsystemspHCODCr/(mgL-1)TN/(mgL-1)NH+4-N/(mgL-1)NO-x-N/(mgL-1)TP/(mgL-1)8.0050.37.025.830.160.157.3636.87.395.790.380.117.6335.86.864.580.220.087.6835.47.25.460.170.112.3分段式表面流人工湿地对太湖流域富营养河流的原位净化研究--,,20045.1,,,,203010:.(22m()26m()0.8m())15mm,(34.5m()10.3m()1.8m())(22m()10.3m()1.3m())1Fig.1Diagramofthemult-istagesurfaceflowconstructedwetlanddemonstrationproject,95%,.200410200510,(),1200410~11,2(62cmd-17.5cmd-1).,.220058~10,,0(0cmd-1).2d.,2.2Table2Inflowwaterqualityofthemult-istagesurfaceflowconstructedwetland/(cmd-1)pHT/CODCr/(mgL-1)TN/(mgL-1)TP/(mgL-1)08.00.4(7.6~9.0)1)29.13.2(24.0~33.0)20.810.3(3.2~43.2)1.30.6(0.66~2.67)0.200.06(0.07~0.29)6.27.40.2(7.3~8.1)19.70.5(18.8~20.6)26.18.6(14~39)0.60.1(0.5~0.9)0.060.02(0.03~0.11)7.57.80.2(7.5~8.3)17.90.9(16.0~19.2)19.07.3(8~32)0.50.2(0.4~0.6)0.050.01(0.03~0.06):1),.2.4水质分析方法CODCrHANNAC9800CODCr;TNTPNH+4-NNO-x-NSKALAR;pHHANNA8424pH.3(Results)3.1批量盆栽试验条件下水生植物的引入对不同污染物净化的影响研究43.4,,1.5,80%30%(3);,,.(,2006;Vymaza,letal.,2005b;,2006),,,.,,.,.3Table3Evapotranspirationofdifferentexperimentalsystems/cm/cm/(cmd-1)38100.713830.213880.5730151.104CODCrTNTPpHNH+4-NNO-x-N23.4TP;203128,TP.Lin(2002),3,.2Fig.2Waterqualityversusoperationtime3NH+4-NNO-x-NFig.3ConcentrationofNH+4-NandNO-x-Nversusoperationtime2b,pH(pH7~10),3pH;pH,pH7~8,pH,8~9(pH7.3);3pH,Cossu(2001).2,2,,pH(Leeetal.,2007);CO2HCO-3,pH(Dierbergetal.,2002),pH,pH.2c,4CODCr,,3CODCr,,CODCr(CODCr35.8mgL-1,58.91%).,,(Stottmeisteretal.,2003;,2003).,,,,CODCr.2d,TN,203210:,TN(),TN.3a,NH+4-NTN(TN67%~83%,1),3NH+4-NTN;,3NH+4-N(NH+4-N0.05mgL-1,NH+4-N0.54mgL-1);3,NH+4-N.3b,3NO-x-NTNNH+4-N,,NO-x-N,NO-x-N,NO-x-N,NO-x-N14d4,.,(,2006);(Nelsonetal.,2000).,,NO-x-N(NH+4-N,NO-x-N).,4TN(NH+4-NNO-x-N),,NH+4-N,NO-x-N,TN;NH+4-N,NO-x-N,NO-x-N,TN.3.2分段式表面流人工湿地对太湖流域富营养化河流的原位净化研究,(A/OA2/O)(Vymaza,l2007;2005b).(,2006),(Vymaza,l2007),(,2006).,.,3,,.,--,,,.4,1(6.2cmd-17.5cmd-1)4.4Table4Performanceofmult-istagesurfaceconstructedwetlandatdifferenthydraulicloads/(cmd-1)CODCr/(gm-2d-1)TN/(gm-2d-1)TP/(gm-2d-1)6.237.3%26.8%0.580.405.6%21.9%0.0030.01118.4%24.8%0.0010.0017.520.0%47.4%0.330.548.4%12.1%0.0040.00521.6%14.7%0.0010.0014,0cmd-