表面流人工湿地中水生植被的净化效应与组合系统净化效果陈进军

2810200810　　　　　　ActaScientiaeCircumstantiaeVol.28,No.10Oct.,2008:(973)(No.2006CB403306)SupportedbytheNationalBasicResearchProgramofChina(973)(No.2006CB403306):(1984—),;＊(),E-mail:[e-mail]:CHENJinjun(1984—),male;＊Correspondingauthor,E-mail:[e-mail],,.2008.[J].,28(10):2029-2035ChenJJ,ZhengC,ZhengSK.2008.Pollutantpurificationperformanceofasurfaceflowconstructedwetlandplantedwithdifferentaquaticmacrophytesandtheircombination[J].ActaScientiaeCircumstantiae,28(10):2029-2035陈进军,郑翀,郑少奎＊北京师范大学环境学院水环境模拟国家重点实验室,北京100875:2007-10-24　　　:2008-03-20　　　:2008-07-07:,(()、()、());(--),.,,,(1.5),(80%30%);3CODCr、TN、NH+4-N(),CODCrTN(CODCrTN35.8mg·L-16.86mg·L-1,58.91%、76.67%),.,6.2cm·d-1,CODCr,.:;;;;;:0253-2468(2008)10-2029-07　　　:X703　　　:APollutantpurificationperformanceofasurfaceflowconstructedwetlandplantedwithdifferentaquaticmacrophytesandtheircombinationCHENJinjun,ZHENGChong,ZHENGShaokui＊StateKeyLabofWaterEnvironmentSimulation,SchoolofEnvironment,BeijingNormalUniversity,Beijing100875Received24October2007;　　　receivedinrevisedform20March2008;　　　accepted7July2008Abstract:Thepollutantpurificationperformanceofasurfaceflowconstructedwetland(SFCW)plantedwithdifferentaquaticmacrophytes,i.e.submerged(Vallisneriaspiralis),floating(Eichhorniacrassipes)andemergent(Phragmitesaustralis)aquaticmacrophytes,wasinvestigatedwithnon-vegetatedSFCWascontrol.Subsequently,in-situpurificationofeutrophicationriverwaterwasinvestigatedbyademonstrationprojectofmulti-stageSFCW(aerobicpond-Eichhorniacrassipeswetland-Vallisneriaspiraliswetland).Inbatchcultures,theevapotranspirationsinPhragmitesaustralis,EichhorniacrassipesandVallisneriaspiralissystemwere150%,80%and30%ofthatinthecontrolsystem.TheintroductionofdifferentaquaticmacrophytesintotheSFCWsignificantlyimprovedtheremovalefficienciesofchemicaloxygendemand(CODCr)andtotalnitrogen(TN).EichhorniacrassipessystemhadthehighestCODCrandTNremovalefficiencies,58.91%and76.67%,respectively,atinitialconcentrationsofCODCrandTNof35.8and6.86mg·L-1,respectively.TheapplicationofVallisneriaspiralissignificantlyincreasedtheaccumulationofoxidizednitrogen(NO-x-N)inthewaterbody.Moreover,ademonstrationprojectofthemulti-stageSFCWachievedbetterCODCrremovalefficiencyatahydraulicloadof6.2cm·d-1thatdeterioratedatahigherhydraulicload.Keywords:surfaceflowconstructedwetland;aquaticmacrophyte;eutrophication;in-situpurification;Eichhorniacrassipes;Vallisneriaspiralis1　(Introduction),、(Rousseauetal.,2004;,2006),、3(Vymazal,DOI:10.13671/j.hjkxxb.2008.10.016　　　　　　　　　　282005a).(,2007),()、(),,.,、、.,(Kernetal.,1999;Sooknahetal.,2004;Dierbergetal.,2002).,(Vymazal,2007),.,,,,.,、、,,,:①,;②;③.2　(Materialsandmethods)2.1　试验场地().,,15.7℃,1177mm.,7～9.,,,(,2006).2.2　批量盆栽试验条件下水生植物的引入对不同污染物净化的影响研究(Phragmitesaustralis)、(Eichhorniacrassipes)(Vallisneriaspiralis)3.、3,372cm()×52cm()×45cm()PVC,10cm(),101·m-2,56·m-2,112·m-2(112·m-2,67·m-2,131·m-2),();.、.1000L,,7d,(1).23～36℃,.1　Table1　InitialwaterqualityinfourbatchexperimentalsystemspHCODCr/(mg·L-1)TN/(mg·L-1)NH+4-N/(mg·L-1)NO-x-N/(mg·L-1)TP/(mg·L-1)8.0050.37.025.830.160.157.3636.87.395.790.380.117.6335.86.864.580.220.087.6835.47.25.460.170.112.3　分段式表面流人工湿地对太湖流域富营养河流的原位净化研究“--”,,20045.1,,,,203010:.(22m()×26m()×0.8m())15mm,(34.5m()×10.3m()×1.8m())(22m()×10.3m()×1.3m())1　Fig.1　Diagramofthemulti-stagesurfaceflowconstructedwetlanddemonstrationproject,95%,.200410200510,(),1200410～11,2(6.2cm·d-17.5cm·d-1).,.220058～10,,0(0cm·d-1).2d.,2.2　Table2　Inflowwaterqualityofthemulti-stagesurfaceflowconstructedwetland/(cm·d-1)pHT/℃CODCr/(mg·L-1)TN/(mg·L-1)TP/(mg·L-1)08.0±0.4(7.6～9.0)1)29.1±3.2(24.0～33.0)20.8±10.3(3.2～43.2)1.3±0.6(0.66～2.67)0.20±0.06(0.07～0.29)6.27.4±0.2(7.3～8.1)19.7±0.5(18.8～20.6)26.1±8.6(14～39)0.6±0.1(0.5～0.9)0.06±0.02(0.03～0.11)7.57.8±0.2(7.5～8.3)17.9±0.9(16.0～19.2)19.0±7.3(8～32)0.5±0.2(0.4～0.6)0.05±0.01(0.03～0.06)　　:1)±,.2.4　水质分析方法CODCrHANNAC9800CODCr;TN、TP、NH+4-NNO-x-NSKALAR;pHHANNA8424pH.3　(Results)3.1　批量盆栽试验条件下水生植物的引入对不同污染物净化的影响研究43.4,,1.5,80%30%(3);,,.(,2006;Vymazal,etal.,2005b;,2006),,,.,,.,.3　Table3　Evapotranspirationofdifferentexperimentalsystems/cm/cm/(cm·d-1)38100.713830.213880.5730151.104CODCr、TN、TP、pH、NH+4-N、NO-x-N23.4TP;2031　　　　　　　　　　28,、TP.Lin(2002),3,.2　Fig.2　Waterqualityversusoperationtime3　NH+4-NNO-x-NFig.3　ConcentrationofNH+4-NandNO-x-Nversusoperationtime　　　2b,pH(pH7～10),3pH;pH,pH7～8,pH,8～9(pH7.3);3pH,Cossu(2001).2,2,,pH(Leeetal.,2007);CO2HCO-3,pH(Dierbergetal.,2002),pH,pH.2c,4CODCr,,3CODCr,,CODCr(CODCr35.8mg·L-1,58.91%).,,(Stottmeisteretal.,2003;,2003).,,,,、CODCr.2d,TN,203210:,TN(),TN.3a,NH+4-NTN(TN67%～83%,1),3NH+4-NTN;,3NH+4-N(NH+4-N0.05mg·L-1,NH+4-N0.54mg·L-1);3,、NH+4-N.3b,3NO-x-NTN、NH+4-N,,NO-x-N,NO-x-N,NO-x-N,NO-x-N14d4,.,(,2006);(Nelsonetal.,2000).,,NO-x-N(NH+4-N,NO-x-N).,4TN(NH+4-NNO-x-N),,NH+4-N,NO-x-N,TN;NH+4-N,NO-x-N,NO-x-N,TN.3.2　分段式表面流人工湿地对太湖流域富营养化河流的原位净化研究　,(A/OA2/O)(Vymazal,2007;2005b).(,2006),(Vymazal,2007),(,2006).,.,3,,.,“--”,,,.4,1(6.2cm·d-17.5cm·d-1)4.4　Table4　Performanceofmulti-stagesurfaceconstructedwetlandatdifferenthydraulicloads/(cm·d-1)C