补充植物碳源提高人工湿地脱氮效率赵联芳

　　:2009-01-04.:(2006710).:(1972-),,,;:;E-mail:[e-mail].补充植物碳源提高人工湿地脱氮效率赵联芳1,　朱　伟1,2,　高　青1(1.,210098;2.,210098)　:为解决有机碳不足抑制反硝化反应造成的脱氮效率低下的问题,向人工湿地系统中添加富含有机质的植物材料作为反硝化所需的有机碳源,根据玉米秸秆、稻壳、木屑及芦苇竿4种植物材料有机物释放规律及植物体分解对水质的潜在影响情况,确定芦苇竿为较适宜的植物碳源。采用垂直流人工湿地单元模型研究了补充芦苇竿对人工湿地脱氮效果的影响,初步确定了试验条件下芦苇竿的适宜添加量范围为0.47～1.09kg/m2。硝态氮的沿程变化规律表明,芦苇竿释放出的有机物提供了反硝化所需的有机碳,提高了人工湿地的脱氮效果。:人工湿地;脱氮;碳源;植物材料;反硝化:X703.1:A:1009-3443(2009)06-0644-06ImprovingnitrogenremovalofconstructedwetlandsbysupplyingplantcarbonZHAOLian-fang1,　ZHUWei1,2,　GAOQing1(1.CollegeofEnvironmentalScienceandEngineering,HohaiUniversity,Nanjing210098,China;2.NationalEngineeringResearchCenterofHighEfficientUtilizationofWaterResourcesandEngineeringSafety,HohaiUniversity,Nanjing210098,China)Abstract:Tosolvetheproblemoflownitrogenremovalefficiencyduetotheshortageoforganiccarbon,plantmaterialsrichinorganicmatterwereaddedasanalternativecarbonsourcetothewetlandsystem.Accordingtothereleasecharacteristicsoforganicmatterandthepotentialinfluenceonwaterqualitycausedbytissuedecomposition,reedwaschosenasanavailableplantcarbonsourceinsteadofcornstraw,ricehuskandwoodchips.Vertical-flowconstructedwetlandmicrocosmswereusedtoinvestigatetheim-provementofnitrogenremovalefficiencybysupplyingthereedtotheunits.Theappropriatesupplementamountrangeofreedwas0.47～1.09kg/m2underexperimentalconditions.Thevariationofnitrate-Nconcentrationalongthedistanceimpliesthattheorganicmatterreleasedfromreedisakindofavailableor-ganiccarbonsourcefordenitrificationandimprovesnitrogenremovalefficiencyoftheconstructedwetland.Keywords:constructedwetland;nitrogenremoval;carbonsource;plantmaterial;denitrification　　、、,。,,[1,2]。,,C/N[3～5]。,,、、[6,7]。,,。,。,,,、。[8～10],。,。、、,、、、4,,,,。1　1.1　　　1L。C/N。、TNTP10、10、1mg/L,,、、NaNO3、KH2PO4。2g、、2mm。,,2cm。60d,,5d,TN、TP、、pH、。1.2　640cm、15cm,。35cm,5mm。,n=0.533,(OenanthestoloniferaDC),。§1.1。§1.1,。,40L,,75mm/d。2008516～725,70d,28.5°C(21.1～37.6°C)。10d,TN、TP、、pH、。1.3　[11]。TN;NO3--N;NH4+-N;NO2--NN-(1-)-;TP;,;DO;pH。2　2.1　2.1.1　有机物的释放特点1、、4。Δm,Δm=(Ct-C0)×V2,:Ct、C0t;V,1L2g。,,3,:。,4:5,,14.7mg,;,1550,5mg,;,。(50)。2.1.2　植物体分解对水质的潜在影响,。,N、P,。2、3645　6赵联芳,等:补充植物碳源提高人工湿地脱氮效率　1　Fig.1　ReleasingcharacteristicsofplantmaterialsTN、TPCTN、CTP,TN10mg/L、TP1mg/L。,TN、TP,(10),。TP,TN40,N、P,,、。TN、TP,TN、TP。2　TNFig.2　ChangesovertimeofTNconcentrationintheeffluentofdifferentplantmaterialsystems,,,、N、P、,,。,。,。3　TPFig.3　ChangesovertimeofTPconcentrationintheef-fluentofdifferentplantmaterialsystems2.2　　　4(1.0kg/m2),nTN。,TN80%,10TN60%,10%。,(C/N=1,,C,NTN),,。4　TNFig.4　TNremovalpercentsofthereed-suppliedandthecontrolsystems2.3　,、,。646解放军理工大学学报(自然科学版)10　TN10mg/L,75mm/d,1.3L,TN13mg。1,1g4mg。,BOD5/TN3～5,[12]。,TN2.7～85。5,1.5、1.25、1.0、0.750.5kg/m2。20、40、60dTN,ΔmZ5。5　TNFig.5　Influenceofreedrodsupplementamountonto-talnitrogenremovalefficiency5,20、40、60dTN:,1.0kg/m2;1.0kg/m2,TN;1.0kg/m2,TN80%,≥1.0kg/m2,TN,。620、40、60dCOM。5TN,:,,,。,TN,,7。TN:6　Fig.6　Influenceofreedrodsupplementamountontheorganicmatterconcentrationineffluent7　Fig.7　AnalysisofappropriatesupplementamountofreedrodZ=-0.5807ΔM2+1.3254ΔM+0.102,R2=0.9608;(1)COM=8.1762ΔM+1.0984,R2=0.9985。(2)　　2R2,,,TN。,10mg/L,(2)1.09kg/m2,(1)TN85.7%。,TN60%,(1)0.47kg/m2。,,TP0.4mg/L,。,(TN60%),0.47～1.09kg/m2。81.0kg/m2647　6赵联芳,等:补充植物碳源提高人工湿地脱氮效率　CN,L。,。,20cm,。,0～10cm,。9,,CDODO。10cm,TNNO3--N。8　Fig.8　Varietyoftheconcentrationofnitrogenalongthedistance9　DOFig.9　VarietyoftheconcentrationoforganicmatterandDOalongthedistance9DO,10cmCDO0.5mg/L,,。3　　　　(1)4。,N、P,;、;,N、P。(2),0.47～1.09kg/m2,TN60%～85%,。(3),。:[1]　.[M].:,2007.[2]　LEEBH,SCHOLZM.WhatistheroleofPhrag-mitesaustralisinexperimentalconstructedwetlandfilterstreatingurbanrunoff?[J].EcologicalEngi-neering,2007,29(1):87-95.[3]　,　,　,.C/N[J].,2008,28(7):603-607LIAOXiao-shu,HEFeng,XUDong,etal.Influ-enceoflowC/Nonnitrificationanddenitrificationinwetlands[J].ChinaEnvironmentalScience,2008,28(7):603-607.(inChinese).[4]　,　,　.[J].,2006,26(11):1821-1827.ZHAOLian-fang,ZHUWei,ZHAOJian.Nitrogenremovalmechanisminconstructedwetlandusedfortreatingpollutedriverwaterwithlowerratioofcar-bontonitrogen[J].ActaScientiaeCircumstantiae,2006,26(11):1821-1827.(inChinese).[5]　,,,.[J].,2004,23(4):757-760.WUZhen-bin,XUGuang-lai,ZHOUPei-jiang,et648解放军理工大学学报(自然科学版)10　al.Removaleffectsofnitrogeninintegratedverticalflowconstructedwetlandsewagetreatingsystem[J].JournalofAgro-environmentalScience,2004,23(4):757-760.(inChinese).[6]　HUETTDO,MORRISSG,SMITHGetal.Nitro-genandphosphorusremovalfromplantnurseryrunoffinvegetatedandunvegetatedsubsurfaceflowwetlands[J].WaterResearch,2005(39):3259-3272.[7]　LINYing-feng,JINGShuk-ren,WANGTze-wen,etal.Effectsofmacrophytesandexternalcarbonsourcesonnitrateremovalfromgroundwaterincon-structedwetlands[J].EnvironmentalPollution,2002(119):413-420.[8]　PHIPPSRG,CRUMPTON,WG.Factorsaffectingnitrogenlossinexperimentalwetlandswithdifferenthydrologicloads[J].EcologicalEngineering,1994,3(4):399-408.[9]　FLEMING-SINGERMS,HORNEAJ.Enhancednitrateremovalefficiencyinwetlandmicrocosmsus-inganepisedimentlayerfordenitrification[J].Envi-ronmentalScienceandTechnology,2002(36