不同底物条件下UASB反应器中碳酸钙的沉淀杨树成

UASB1,1＊,1,2,1,1(1.,　710049;2.,　710048):UASB、,Ca2+800mg·L-1,COD9kg·(m3·d)-1,.,30d,.,65%,25%;,7.5%.2,180d10%70%30%.,COD90%.,.:;;UASB;;:X703.1　:A　:0250-3301(2009)03-0822-05:2008-05-04;:2008-08-04:(20436040);(2006kz08-G2);(2008k07-14):(1978～),,,,,E-mail:[e-mail]＊,E-mail:[e-mail]itationinUASBReactorswithDifferentSubstratesYANGShu-cheng1,HEYan-ling1,ZHANGPeng-xiang1,LIUYong-hong2,WANGDong-qi1,YANGJing1(1.DepartmentofEnvironmentalScienceandEngineering,Xi'anJiaotongUniversity,Xi'an710049,China;2.DepartmentofChemicalEngineering,Xi'anPolytechnicUniversity,Xi'an710048,China)Abstract:Twolabscaleupflowanaerobicsludgebed(UASB)reactorswereoperatedatanorganicloadingrateofCOD9kg·(m3·d)-1totreattwokindsofcalciumcontainingwastewaters,oneofwhichtookaceticacidassubstrateandfortheother,glucoseandsolublestarchwerethesubstrate.Boththewastewaterscontained800mg·L-1Ca2+.Precipitationofcalciumcarbonateinthereactorswasobserved.Theresultsshowedthatthekindofsubstratehadgreatinfluenceoncalciumcarbonateprecipitation.Inthereactortreatingaceticacidcontainingwastewater,amaximumcalciumprecipitationrateof65%wasachievedandanaveragerateofabout25%wasthenmaintained.Incontrast,thecalciumprecipitationratefortheglucoseandsolublestarchcontainingwastewaterwasonlyabout7.5%.Itwasalsofoundthatsubstantialprecipitationonlyoccurred30daysafterthereactorwereoperatedforbothofthewastewaters.After180daysofoperation,theashcontentofthesludgeinthereactorsincreasedfromabout10%to70%fortheaceticacidcontainingwastewaterand30%fortheother.However,theincreaseofashcontenthadnonegativeinfluenceontheCODremovalefficiency,whichwaskeptatabout90%throughouttheexperimentalperiod.BytheSEMitwasinferredthatthedifferentsubstratescausedthedifferencesofthegranularsludgemicrostructure,leadingtothediversityofcalciumcarbonateprecipitationinthetworeactors.Keywords:calciumcarbonate;precipitation;upflowanaerobicsludgebed(UASB);substrate;granulemicrostructure　　,UASB、、、.[1,2],UASB.,,[3];[4,5],,,,[6].UASB,,.UASB,,,2,VanLangerak[7].VanLangerak[4]UASB.UASB,,、.2UASB,、,UASB,30320093　　　　　　ENVIRONMENTALSCIENCEVol.30,No.3Mar.,2009DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.2009.03.010.1　1.1　290mm,6LUASB(1),UASB,14.0g·L-1(SS).,(R1),(R2)3∶1,,COD∶N∶P=300∶5∶1NP,[2],pH[8],2000mg·L-1(CaCO3).(30±1)℃25d,COD3000mg·L-1,(HRT)8h,COD9kg·(m3·d)-1,30d,,CaCl2Ca2+800mg·L-1,180dR1R2.1　UASBFig.1　DiagramoftheUASBreactors1.2　UASBA(1),5000rmin10min.COD,EDTA[9].UASB,VSTS[2].XRD-6000X.HITACHIS-2700(SEM)[4,10],SEM,,.2　2.1　,ACa2+,R1R2(2).,UASB,CO2,,A.2　UASBFig.2　PrecipitatedcalciuminUASBreactorsR1andR2R1R2,30d,.,R2,60mg·L-1,Ca2+7.5%.R2,30dR13:①40～80d,,520mg·L-1,Ca2+65%;②80～120d,,80～100d320mg·L-1,Ca2+40%;③120d,,200mg·L-1,Ca2+25%.,CH4CO2.,CaCO3Ca3(PO4)2,[11].PO3-4,.150dXRD(3).XRD8233:UASB,R1R2,R1,R2,,,.3　R1R2XRDFig.3　XRDspectrumofthegranularsludgeinreactorsR1andR22.2　(4).R1,86d10.9%70%,;R2,86d9.6%28.2%43.6%,176d.4　R1R2Fig.4　Ashcontent(%ofdryweight)ofthesludgesamplesfromthetopandthebottomofthesludgebedofreactorsR1andR242,.,R1R2,,30d,48dR1R2,,R1R2.2.3　.R1R2,.R1,mm,.R1,R2,,,.R1,80d,,180d,.,R1COD,COD90%(5).R2,,COD90%.VanLangerak[4]UASBCa2+1150mg·L-1,COD.,Ca2+,,R1R2COD.5　R1R2CODFig.5　CODremovalefficiencyofreactorsR1andR23　R1R2,、,,COD,.R1R2,UASB,[12～15],824　　　　　　30.3.1　R1R230d,,,SEM(6).,,R1R2.R1(6a)(6b);R2(6c),(6d).6　R1R2Fig.6　SEMphotographsofthesurfacelayerandthecoreofthegranularsludgeinreactorsR1andR2F420[16],Fang[15],,.、,Guiot[17]SEM,Santegoeds[18],Sekiguchi[19]Batstone[12]FISH,Batstone[12][20～22],,,.R1R2[12,15,23],R1,,,R2,、,,.,,,.3.2　R1R2,(1),(2)[24].(1)(2),.,,;,,,.6,R1,,,;R2,,,.R1R2.Ca2++CO2-3CaCO3(1)Ca2++HCO-3CaCO3+H+(2)3.3　R1R2(2).,,,、、,2,[24,25].R1R2,,,.30d,4,,,,.80d,R1R2,R1,R2.8253:UASB,80dR1,,.R1,,.,,R1R2.,,、.,2,pH,pH,pH;(),Na2CO3,.4　(1)UASB,,Ca2+800mg·L-1,COD3000mg·L-1,COD9kg·(m3·d)-1,65%,7.5%..(2)UASB,.(3),,,86d70%.COD.　　致谢:,.:[1]　KimYH,YeomSH,RyuJY,etal.DevelopmentofanovelUASBCO2-strippersystemfortheremovalofcalciumioninpaperwastewater[J].ProcessBiochem,2004,39(11):1393-1399.[2]　.[M].:,1998.40-543.[3]　VanLangerakEPA,HamelersHVM,LettingaG.Influentcalciumremovalbycrystallizationreusinganaerobiceffluentalkalinity[J].WatSciTech,1997,36(6-7):341-348.[4]　VanLangerakEPA,Gonzalez-GilG,vanAelstA,etal.Effectsofhighcalciumconcentrationsonthedevelopmentofmethanogenicsludgeinupflowanaerobicsludgebed(UASB)reactors[J].WatRes,1998,32(4):1255-1263.[5]　YuHQ,TayJH,FangHHP.TheroleofcalciuminsludgegranulationduringUASBreactorstart-up[J].WatRes,2001,35(4):1052-1060.[6]　BatstoneDJ,LandelliJ,SaundersA,etal.Theinfluenceofcalciumongranularsludgeinafull-scaleUASBtreatingpapermillwastewater[J].WatSciTech,2002,45(10):187-193.[7]　VanLangerakEPA,RamaekersH,WiechersJ,etal.ImpactoflocationofCaCO3precipitationonthedevelopmentofintactanaerobicsludge[J].WatRes,2000,34(2):437-446.[8]　RE,.[M].:,2001.194-225.[9]　.[M].().:,1989.221-356.[10]　,.[M].:,2000.78-96.[11]　,,,.———[J].,2005,45(6):925-929.[12]　BatstoneDJ,KellerJ,BlackallLL.Theinfluenceofsubstratekineticsonthemicrobialcommunitystructureingranularanaerobicbiomass[J].WatRes,2004,38(6