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不同地下水埋深柽柳、芦苇的生理响应①陈 敏1,2, 陈亚宁1,2, 李卫红1,2, 陈亚鹏1,2(1 , 830011;2 , 830011) : 结合塔里木河中游沙吉力克断面、阿其河断面地下水位的动态监测,对柽柳、芦苇叶片的叶绿素、可溶性糖、丙二醛(MDA)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)等生理指标进行分析测试。研究表明,随着干旱胁迫加强,柽柳、芦苇的可溶性糖含量,MDA含量,SOD活性呈显著增加,叶绿素含量和POD活性显著减少,显示出植物受到了不同程度的干旱胁迫,并通过调节自身生理代谢过程,以增强抗旱性;柽柳、芦苇叶片各生理指标和地下水埋深存在着密切的相关关系,与可溶性糖含量、MDA含量、SOD活性呈正相关,与叶绿素含量、POD活性呈负相关;地下水位是影响塔里木河流域植物生理特征的的主要环境因子;在相同水分胁迫下,芦苇的生理过程比柽柳强烈,对地下水埋深变化更为敏感。: ;;;: Q948.11 :A :1000-6060(2009)01-0072-09(72～80) ,,,。,,,,,,,,〔1〕;,,,,〔2,3〕。(MDA),,MDA,,MDA,〔4-5〕,(SOD)(POD),,,,〔6-8〕。、、MDA、SOD、POD,〔9-13〕,,,。,,,,150km,229km,,,??,,。,、,、、32 120091 ARID LAND GEOGRAPHY Vol.32 No.1Jan. 2009①:2008-01-17; :2008-04-25:“(40871059,90502004);(KZCX2-XB2-03)“”(2006BAC01A03)”:(1974-),.E-mail:xjcmin@126.com:,,,.E-mail:chenyn@ms.xjb.ac.cnMDA、SOD、POD,,,。1 ,1321km,,398km。,、,。17.4～42.8mm,1125～1600mm;,,40m/s;10.7℃,-30.9℃,43.6℃。:(Populuseuphratica),(Tamarixspp)、(lyciumrutherni-cum)、(Halimodendronhalodendron)、(Alhagisparsifolia)、(Phragmitescommunis)、(Apocynumvenetum)、(Kareliniacaspica)、(Gly-cyrrhizainflata)〔14〕2 2.1 :5,:、、、、(1),,。,。::。,,,100、200、300、400、500、600m,、,50,,,。,、、。1 Fig.1 DistributionofinvestigationsectionsattheMiddlereachesofTarimRiverChina2.2 2.2.1 〔15〕:,0.2g,=11,24h,,,652nmOD。2.2.2 〔16〕:(1)20ml11,0～10,1。1ml9%,,5～20s5ml,8ml,30,。,485nm,,,,。(2),,,0.1～0.3g,3,3,5～10ml,,30,25ml,,。(3)0.5g,1.5ml,731 :、 ,。1 Tab.1 Amountofwaterandliquorinthetesttube01-23-45-67-89-10100μg/L00.20.40.60.81.0/ml2.01.81.61.41.21.0/μg0204060801002.2.3 〔17〕:,0.5g,,10mlpH=7.8PBS。5ml4℃10000r/min15min,SOD。:0.05mol/l130mmol/lMet750μmol/lNBT100μmol/lEDTA-Na220μmol/l0.1ml0.5ml。4000Lx30min,。,560nmOD。SODNBT50%。2.2.4 〔18〕:,1g,4000r/min15min,5ml,。:100mm/lpH=6.0PBS50ml28μl30%H2O219μl。2,3ml1ml,3ml1ml。470nmOD,1min。OD。2.2.5 〔16〕:,0.5g,5%TCA5ml,3000r/min10min。2ml,0.67%TBA2ml,100℃30min,。0.67%TBA,450、532、600nmOD。2.3 EXCEL,SPSS11.0。3 3.1 、:,,(2)。,1-4,5、60.6926mg/gFW,0.6109mg/gFW,1,:21.38%,30.65%,5.0～5.2m,,;,6,1,50.22%,2 、Fig.2 RelationshipsbetweenGroundwaterdepthsandchlorophyllcontentsofT.sppandP.communisatShajilikeandAqihesections74 324.85m,6,,。,4.85、5.0、5.2m1.48m,(P0.05)。:(2),3、6,1,,1.203%、16.82%,2.64、4.85m。,,,,,2.64、4.85m1.48m,(P0.05)3.2 、:,1-6,3.72m5.2m,20.543mg/gFW～40.876mg/gFW(3),5、61,93.46%,98.98%,5.0、5.2m,。,1.48m4.85m,16.094mg/gFW～23.885mg/gFW,48.41%。,4.85、5.0、5.2m1.48m,(P0.01),,5.0、5.2m。:129.891mg/gFW,3、51,:58.07%、98.13%,2.64、2.61m(3)。,;6,43.626mg/gFW,5,,21.27%,1,4.85m。,,〔19〕。,,,,,2.61、2.64、4.85m1.48m,(P0.05),,2.61、2.64m,(P0.05)。3 、Fig.3 RelationshipsbetweenGroundwaterdepthsandSolublesugarcontentsofT.sppandP.communisatShajilikeandAqihesections3.3 、:,,,。3、6,1,81.48%,92.79%,(4),4.88、5.0m,,,;,10.01033μmol/gFW,1.48m,6751 :、 0.01711μmol/gFW,65.63%,4.85m,,6,,。,MDA,4.85、4.88、5.01.48mMDA,(P0.01),,4.85、4.88,MDA。:,1,0.0004374μmol/gFW,3、61,:79.22%、109.98%(4),2.64m、4.85m。。,4 、Fig.4 RelationshipsbetweenGroundwaterdepthsandMDAcontentsofT.sppandP.communisatShajilikeandAqihesections2.64、4.85m1.48mMDA,(P0.01)。3.4 、:,SOD,,(5)。2、5,123.65788μnit/gFW、181.3571μnit/gFW,1:87.96%,175.55%,4.22、5.2m。,,5 、SODFig.5 RelationshipsbetweenGroundwaterdepthsandSODactivityofT.sppandP.communisatShajilikeandAqihesections76 32;,1SOD8.01618μnit/gFW,6,,42.3254μnit/gFW,4.85m,,,SOD,SOD,,,。,SOD,4.22、4.85、5.2m1.48mSOD,(P0.05)。:,SOD3、61,:69.14%,277.05%,2.64、4.85m(5),,,。,,SOD,2.64、4.85m1.48mSOD,(P0.01)。3.5 、:POD,(6)。,POD:8.108μnit·g-1·min-1·m-1FW,:2.001μnit·g-1·min-1·m-1FW,,4.22、4.85、5.0m,POD。,POD,4.22、4.85、5.0m1.48mPOD,(P0.01),,POD4.85、5.0m,。:POD,(6),:74.252μnit·g-1·min-1·m-1FW。3,,,2.64m,,POD,2.64m,1.48m,(P0.01)。6 、PODFig.5 RelationshipsbetweenGroundwaterdepthsandPODactivityofT.sppandP.communisatShajilikeandAqihesections3.6 、、pearson,、MDA、SOD,、POD(2),,,;、,,,。771 :、 2 、Tab.2 CorrelationcoefficientsbetweenthephysiologicalindicesofT.sppandP.communisandgroundwaterdepthsMDASODPOD-0.917＊＊0.602＊0.735＊＊0.829＊＊-0.709＊＊-0.7090.3180.801＊0.872＊-0.873＊:＊0.05(2-tail),＊＊0.01(2-tail)4 (1),,,,〔20〕。,,,、4.852.64m(P0.05),、,,。(2),。〔21〕,,5,。〔22〕,,,,。:,;。、4.85、2.64m,(P0.05),,,,,,,、;,、,,,,,,、、。(3),,MDA,,SOD、POD,,,MDA〔23〕。:MDA4.85m,2.64m(P0.01),SOD4.22m2.64m(P0.05),,MDASOD,、MDASOD(:0.766,0.870),,,,,,,,SOD,;MDA,SODPOD,,,,,,SOD、POD,。(4)POD。,,POD〔24〕。,POD〔25〕。,,,、POD,,POD,POD,,〔26,27〕;,POD,4.22、2.64m(P0.01),,POD;,,POD,POD,,POD;,POD。78 32(References)〔1〕 .()〔M〕.:,2001,57-66.〔PanRuizhi.PlantPhysiology(theforthedition)〔M〕.Beijing:HigherEducationPress,2001,57-66.〕〔2〕 JonesOR,HanserVL.No-tillageeffectsoninfiltration,runoffandwaterconservationondryland,〔J〕.AmericanSocietyofAgri-cultureEngineers,1994,37(2):473-479.〔3〕 LinCC,KaoCH.EffectofNaClstressonH2O2metabolisninriceleaves〔J〕.PlantGroundRegul,2000,30(1):151-155.〔4〕 YeCJ,ZhaoKF.Effcetofadaptationtoelevatedsalinityonsomeenzymes'salt-toleranceinvitroandphysiologicalchangesofeel-grass〔J〕.ActaBotanicaSinica,2002,44(3):788-794.