不同河流水体颗粒物对硝化过程的影响李素珍

26　42007　　7　　　ENVIRONMENTALCHEMISTRYVol.26,No.4July　　2007　2006913.　＊(No.2003CB15200)(No.40571138).　＊＊,E-mail:[e-mail]＊李素珍　夏星辉＊＊　张　菊(,,,100875)　　.:(1)0g·l-12g·l-1,10d0.21mg·l-1·d-10.70mg·l-1·d-1,0.18mg·l-1·d-10.32mg·l-1·d-1.Logistic,2g·l-1,.(2),、,.(3),.　,,,,.　　,[1,2]、[3]-[4],,Bastviken[5],,,,.Eighmy[6]Korner[7],.ErikssonWeisner[8],,.　　[9],,、、,,,,.　　,,,,.1　1.1　　　200510(E30°34.979';N114°17.810')(E113.72゜;N34.92゜)(0—20cm).1.1　Table1　ThemajorparametersofriverwaterandparticlesamplespHDO(mg·l-1)CODMn(mg·l-1)NH+4-N(mg·l-1)NO-2-N(mg·l-1)NO-3-N(mg·l-1)(nm)(m2·g-1)C(g·kg-1)N(g·kg-1)(g·kg-1)8.106.963.20.140.071.3010.008.145.510.1759.507.445.424.30.210.643.307.495.900.930.1001.60420　　　　　　　　261.2　　　,400ml(02g·l-1),(NH4)2SO4(5mg·l-1),8,.(25℃),.11(0.1%NaN3).　　,,,,;N-(1-)-;WARRYCAR50.　　、,MPN[10],4—510,3.1.3　　　(NH4)2SO4,20ml(NH4)2SO4,,2g·l-1.(25℃),,30min(),,.2g·l-1.2　2.1　　　,5%,..1,2g·l-1,4d4.72mg·l-10.72mg·l-1;,4d4.37mg·l-13.59mg·l-1.4d2g·l-1,,,,,、,6.07mg·l-18d6.89mg·l-1,.,4d,、6.00mg·l-1.2g·l-13(3.64mg·l-1),6(3.73mg·l-1),2g·l-1,.,10d0g·l-12g·l-13.80mg·l-18.22mg·l-1,0.21mg·l-1·d-10.70mg·l-1·d-1.,.　　,2g·l-1,4d5.05mg·l-12.87mg·l-1,0g·l-14d4.55mg·l-13.28mg·l-1,,,.2g·l-10g·l-1,6,6d2g·l-1,100.62mg·l-1,0g·l-1,170.64mg·l-1,.0g·l-12g·l-1,10d0.18mg·l-1·d-10.32mg·l-1·d-1.,,.　4:421　　1　:◇0g·l-1　◆2g·l-1Fig.1　EffectsofparticulateconcentrationonthenitrificationrateinwatersystemoftheYangtzeriverandYellowriver2.2　　　Logistic[11]:-(dS/dt)=K4S(S0+X0-S)(1)K4=μmax/Ks(2),S;μmax;Ks,μmax;S0;X0;K4,,.　　,0g·l-12g·l-1,K40.9032.112d-1·(mmol·l-1)-1,K40.3770.679d-1·(mmol·l-1)-1.K4,,,.　　2、、.2,,,,2g·l-10g·l-1,1.75mg·l-10.56mg·l-1.2g·l-10g·l-1,5820·ml-12600·ml-1,3d;7500·ml-13500·ml-1,.,,.2　:◇0g·l-1　◆2g·l-1Fig.2　ThegrowthcurvesofbacteriainwatersystemoftheYangtzeriverunderdifferentaquaticparticulateconcentrations422　　　　　　　　26　　,.3,、.,,,,-.,.[12],.3　、◇　◆Fig.3　DistributionofnitrifyingbacteriainwaterandsolidphasesofthewatersystemoftheYangtzeriver2.3　　　2g·l-1,,4(A).,,;2d,,,2d,.1.,7500·ml-16000·ml-1,,.4　、◇　◆Fig.4　Growthcurvesofnitrifyingbacteriaindifferentwatersystems　　0g·l-1,,4(B),　4:423　　2600·ml-11290·ml-1;3500·ml-12500·ml-1.1.4,,,,,,.　　,0g·l-1,50·ml-1200·ml-1;30·ml-1130·ml-1,2,,.2g·l-1,980·ml-1750·ml-1;250·ml-1220·ml-1,3..,8.14m2·g-110.00nm;5.90m2·g-17.49nm,,,,-,-[12],,,(K4),.3　　　(1)Logistic,2g·l-1,.　　(2)、,;.　　(3),.　　　[1]　ButturiniA,TomBJ,SabaterF,NitrificationinStreamSedimentBiofilms:TheRoleofAmmoniumConcentrationandDOCQuality[J].Wat.Res.2000,34(2)∶629—639[2]　MakelaK,TuominenL,PoreWaterNutrientProfilesandDynamicsinSoftBottomsoftheNorthernBalticSea[J].Hydrobiologia,2003,429∶43—53[3]　HuesmannMH,SkillmanAD,CreceliusEA,TheInhibitionofMarineNitrificationbyOceanDisposalofCarbonDioxide[J].MarinePollutionBulletin,2002,44∶142—148[4]　LiikanenA,MartikainenPJ,EffectofAmmoniumandOxygenonMethaneandNitrousOxideFluxesAcrossSediment-WaterInterfaceinaAutrophicLake[J].Chemophere,2003,3∶1287—1293[5]　BastvikenS,Kallner,ErikssonPG,MartinsIetal.,PotentialNitrificationandDenitrificationonDifferentSurfacesinaConstructedTreatmentWetland[J].Environ.Qual.,2003,32∶2414—2420[6]　EighmyTT,BishopPL,DistributionandRoleofBacterialNitrifyingPopulationsinNitrogenRemovalinAquaticTreatmentSystems[J].WaterRes.,1989,23∶947—955[7]　KornerS,NitrifyingandDenitrifyingBacteriainEpiphyticCommunitiesofSubmergedMacrophytesinaTreatedSewageChannel[J].ActaHyrochim.,1999,27∶27—31[8]　ErikssonPG,WeisnerSEB,AnExperimentalStudyonEffectsofSubmersedMacrophytesonNitrificationandDenitrificationinAmmonium———RichAquaticSystems[J].Oceanogr,1999,44∶1993—1999[9]　,,,[J].,1999,18(4)∶289—293[10]　,,[M].:,1986,130—152[11]　SchmidtSK,ModelsforStudyingthePopulationEcologyofMicroorganismsinNatualSystems[A]//HurstCJ,ModelingtheMetabol-icandPhysiologicActivitiesofMicroorganisms[C].NewYork:JohnWileySonsInc,1992,31—59[12]　XiaXH,YangZF,HuangGHetal.,NitrificationinNaturalWaterswithHighSuspended-solidContent———AStudyfortheYellowRiver[J].Chemosphere,2004,57∶1017—1029424　　　　　　　　26EFFECTSOFSUSPENDEDSOLIDSONNITRIFICATIONINDIFFERENTWATERSYSTEMSLISu-zhen　　XIAXing-hui　　ZHANGJu(StateKeyLaboratoryofWaterEnvironmentSimulation,SchoolofEnvironment,BeijingNormalUniversity,Beijing,100875,China)ABSTRACT　　Theeffectsofsuspendedsolids(SS)onnitrificationwerestudiedintheYangtzeriverandtheYellowriver.Theresultsshowedthat:(1)thenitrificationratewashigherinwatersystemwiththepresenceofSSthaninthatwithoutSS.WhentheSScontentswere0g·l-1and2g·l-1,theaveragenitrificationratesofthefirst10dayswere0.21mg·l-1·d-1and0.70mg·l-1·d-1fortheYangtzeriver,and0.18mg·l-1·d-1and0.32mg·l-1·d-1fortheYellowriver,respectively.Inaddition,nitrificationkineticscouldbefittedwiththegrowth-basedlogisticmodel,andthenitrificationrateconstants(K4)inwatersystemswithSScontentsof2g·l-1werehigherthanthosewithoutSS;(2)thepresenceofSSsignificantlyaffectedthegrowthofam-monifyingbacteria,nitrosobacteriaandnitrobacteria.ThepopulationofbacteriainwatersystemswithSSwasmuchhigherthanthatwithoutSS.Furthermore,mostofthebacteriainthewater-sedimentsystemswereatta-chedtotheSSphase;(3)thenitrificationrateinthew