不同人工湿地对微污染原水处理效果的研究修春海

修春海,　于水利,　李　玲(哈尔滨工业大学市政环境工程学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150090)　　　:　采用人工湿地预处理微污染黄河原水,分别研究了推流式潜流人工湿地、往复式潜流人工湿地、芦苇床表流人工湿地、蒲草床表流人工湿地对总氮和COD的去除效果。结果表明,推流式人工湿地和往复式人工湿地对总氮和硝态氮的去除效果无明显差别,但去除率要低于表流人工湿地。蒲草床表流人工湿地对总氮和硝态氮的平均去除率分别为84.33%和76.32%,去除效果好于芦苇床表流人工湿地。各人工湿地对COD的去除率在30%～65%之间,不同人工湿地对COD的去除效果差别不明显。人工湿地处理微污染黄河原水的效果明显,出水水质可满足城市供水水源水质标准的要求。　　:　微污染黄河原水;　人工湿地;　潜流;　表流:TU991　　:C　　:1000-4602(2008)23-0064-04DifferentConstructedWetlandsforTreatmentofMicro-pollutedRawWaterXIUChun-hai,　YUShui-li,　LILing(SchoolofMunicipalandEnvironmentalEngineering,HarbinInstituteofTechnology,Harbin150090,China)　　Abstract:　Fourkindsofconstructedwetlands,includingplug-flowsubsurfaceconstructedwet-land,to-and-frosubsurfaceconstructedwetland,surface-flowconstructedwetlandswithreedandcattail,wereconstructedtotreatmicro-pollutedrawwaterfromYellowRiver.TheremovalefficienciesofTNandCODwereinvestigated.Theresultsshowthattheplug-flowsubsurfaceconstructedwetlandandto-and-frosubsurfaceconstructedwetlandhavenoobviousdifferenceinremovalofTNandnitratenitrogen.Thetreatmentefficiencyofsubsurfaceconstructedwetlandsislowerthanthatofsurface-flowconstructedwet-lands.TheremovalratesofTNandnitratenitrogeninsurface-flowconstructedwetlandwithcattailare84.33%and76.32%respectively,whichisbetterthanthoseinsurface-flowconstructedwetlandwithreed.FourkindsofwetlandshavetheCODremovalrateof30%to65%withoutobviousdifference.Theconstructedwetlandshaveanobviouspurificationformicro-pollutedrawwaterfromYellowRiver,theef-fluentcansatisfythewaterqualitystandardforthecitywatersupplysource.　　Keywords:　micro-pollutedrawwaterfromYellowRiver;　constructedwetland;　subsurface-flow;　surface-flow　　、,,、,。2000,,,6,COD2,《》(GB3838—2002)Ⅲ·64·第24卷　第23期2008年12月　　　　　　　　　　　　中国给水排水CHINAWATERWASTEWATER　　　　　　　　　　　　　Vol.24No.23Dec.2008。,。1　试验装置及方法1.1　,,,。,,COD。—:0.3m(5.17cm)、0.3m,49%,0.6m,×=6.00m×1.55m。—:0.3m(5.17cm)、0.3m,49%,0.6m,×=6.00m×1.55m。:16.10m×5.66m×0.15m。:16.15m×5.72m×0.20m。25ZB-45-0.75。2005618,128,618—92875L/h;928—113120L/h;113—12880L/h。728,128,100L/h,133L/h。2006,512。TN=4mg/L、COD=40mg/L,TN=1mg/L、COD=20mg/L。1.2　、pH、NH+4-N、NO-3-N、NO-2-N、TN、TP、COD,。2　结果与分析2.1　2.1.1　1()。1　Tab.1　Nitrogencompositionininfluentandeffluent　TN/(mg·L-1)NH+4-NNO-3-NNO-2-N/(mg·L-1)/%/(mg·L-1)/%/(mg·L-1)/%3.720.5414.43.1584.80.030.82.860.4716.32.3983.50.0060.22.770.4717.12.2782.10.0220.8　　1:、NO-3-N;NO-3-N,;、NO-2-N,;、NH+4-N,NH+4-N,,。2.1.2　1、2。1　Fig.1　ComparisonofTNremovalamongvariouswetlands2　Fig.2　Comparisonofnitratenitrogenremovalamongvariouswetlands1、2,·65·修春海,等:不同人工湿地对微污染原水处理效果的研究第24卷　第23期,,,50%。,,,,,,。、84.33%、76.32%。1.42mg/L,0.99mg/L,。、,。,,,,。,、4.1mg/L,1mg/L。:,,,,、;,,,。,8、9、10、,1mg/L。89,10,,,。,,,。,,。2.2　COD,COD3、4。3　CODFig.3　CODremovalbyto-and-froconstructedwetland4　CODFig.4　CODremovalbyplug-flowconstructedwetlandCOD24～40mg/L、4m/d,COD16.617.2mg/L,。COD30%～65%,COD33%～60%。,80%～90%,,,,。COD20mg/L,《》(GB3838—2002)Ⅲ。3　结论①　,(下转第71页)·66·第24卷　第23期　　　　　　　　　　　　　　中国给水排水　　　　　　　　　　　　(7):3248-3250.[6]　JettenMSM,StrousM,vandePas-SchoonenKT,etal.Theanaerobicoxidationofammonium[J].FEMSMicro-biologyReviews,1998,22(6):421-437.[7]　HaoXD,vanLoosdrechtMCM.Model-basedevalua-tionofCODinfluenceonapartialnitrification-Anammoxbiofilm(CANON)process[J].WaterSciTechnol,2004,49(11-12):83-90.[8]　,,,.、pH[J].,2006,27(4):691-695.[9]　GuvenD,DapenaA,KartalB,etal.Propionateoxida-tionbyandmethanolinhibitionofanaerobicammonium-oxidizingbacteria[J].ApplEnvironMicrobiol,2005,71(2):1066-1071.[10]　JensenMM,ThamdrupB,DalsgaardT.Effectsofspe-cificinhibitorsonanammoxanddenitrificationinmarinesediments[J].ApplEnvironMicrobiol,2007,73(10):3151-3158.[11]　vandeGraafAA,MulderA,deBruijnP,etal.Anaero-bicoxidationofammoniumisabiologicallymediatedprocess[J].ApplEnvironMicrobiol,1995,16(4):1246-1251.[12]　,.[M].:,2006.[13]　StrousM,vanGervenE,KuenenJG,etal.Effectsofaerobicandmicroaerobicconditionsonanaerobicammo-nium-oxidizing(Anammox)sludge[J].ApplEnvironMicrobiol,1997,63(6):2446-2448.[14]　JettenM,SchmidM,vandePas-SchoonenK,etal.Ana-mmoxorganisms:enrichment,cultivation,andenviron-mentalanalysis[J].MethodsEnzymol,2005,397:34-57.:[phone]E-mail:[e-mail]:2008-07-17(上接第66页)。,。②　84.33%76.32%,。③　COD,30%～65%,COD。:[1]　AbbasAl-Omari,ManarFayyad.TreatmentofdomesticwastewaterbysubsurfaceflowconstructedwetlandsinJor-dan[J].Desalination,2003,155(1):27-39.[2]　LinYing-Feng,JingShuh-Ren,WangTze-Wen,etal.Effectsofmacrophytesandexternalcarbonsourcesonni-trateremovalfromgroundwaterinconstructedwetlands[J].EnvironPollut,2002,119(3):413-420.[3]　LimPE,WongTF,LimDV.Oxygendemand,nitrogenandcopperremovalbyfree-water,surfaceandsubsurface-flowconstructedwetlandsundertropicalconditions[J].EnvironmentInternational,2001,26(5-6):425-431.[4]　,,.[J].,2003,22(2):49-55.[5]　,,,.SNDDO、pH[J].,2005,27(6):476-478.[6]　,,.[J].,2005,24(5):64-67.[7]　,.[J].,2004,17(3):35-37.:[phone]E-mail:[e-mail]:2008-06-20·71·李　捷,等:厌氧氨氧化工艺处理低氨氮污水的影响因素研究第24卷　第23期