草甸沼泽土壤硝化反硝化作用和有机碳矿化对氮输入的响应李英臣

23320096JournalofSoilandWaterConservationVol.23No.3Jun.,2009　　-＊李英臣1,2,宋长春1,刘德燕1,2,王丽1,2(1.,130012;2.,100049):,N2O,,(23d)N2O0.32(N0),0.87(N1),17.69(N2),28.07(N3)μgN2O-N/(kg±·h),0.25(N0),0.81(N1),22.29(N2),30.28(N3)μgN2O-N/(kg±·h),。,N3N2O(p0.05),N1N2。N2O0.03%(N1),1.04%(N2),1.76%(N3),0.04%(N1),1.29%(N2),1.93%(N3),。N1,N2N3,,。:;;;N2O;:S153.62;S158.4　　　:A　　　:1009-2242(2009)03-0135-04ResponseofNitrification-DenitrificationandCarbonMineralizationtoNitrogenInputinMeadowMarshSoilLIYing-chen1,2,SONGChang-chun1,LIUDe-yan1,2,WANGLi1,2(1.NortheastInstituteofGeographyandAgriculturalEcology,ChineseAcademyofSciences,Changchun130012;2.GraduateSchoolofChineseAcademyofSciences,Beijing100049)Abstract:Asoilincubationexperimentwasconductedunderlaboratoryconditiontostudytheresponseofni-trification-denitrificationandcarbonmineralizationtonitrogeninputinmeadowmarshsoil.Theresultshowedthatduringtheincubationperiod(23d),theaverageN2Oemissionspeedwasrespectively0.31(N0),0.87(N1),17.69(N2),28.07(N3)μgN2O-N/(kg±·h),theaveragedenitrificationspeedwasre-spectively0.25(N0),0.81(N1),22.29(N2),30.28(N3)μgN2O-N/(kg±·h),andtheyallbecomehigheralongwithhighnitrogeninputandthedifferenceofN3andN0wassignificant(p0.05),butthedifferenceofN1,N2andN0wasnotsignificant.TheamountofN2Oemissionaccountfortheratioofnitrogeninputwas0.03%(N1),1.04%(N2),1.76%(N3),theamountofdenitrificationlossaccountfortheratioofnitro-geninputwas0.04%(N1),1.29%(N2),1.93%(N3),andtheywereallhigheralongwithnitrogeninput.ThecarbonmineralizationspeedofN1islowerthanthecontrol,butthecarbonmineralizationspeedofN2andN3washigherthanthecontrol,thisresultshowedthatlownitrogeninputrestrainedthecarbonmineral-ization,however,highnitrogeninputpromotedcarbonmineralization.Keywords:nitrogeninput;nitrification;denitrification;N2Oemission;carbonmineralization1　引言N2O,CO2296[1],O3[2]。,N2O1750[1]。1988N2O0.8×10-9/a,2004318.6×10-9/a[3],18%。-,。＊:2008-12-28:(40771189);(2009CB421103):(1982-),,,,。E-mail:[e-mail]:(1968-),,,,,。E-mail:[e-mail]-N2ON2O90%[4]。,。,,,、、,。Verhoeven,N2O[5]。,N2O,N2O2.4[6]。,N2O110%[7]。,,N2O[8]。Maljanen,N2O,N2O[9]。,,-N2O。,,N2O,N2O,。2　材料与方法2.1　,。:42.85g/kg,4011.35mg/kg,10.70,420mg/kg,16.36mg/kg,146.37mg/kg,pH5.20。2.2　2mm80g,500ml,,2～3d,。4:N0,N1,N2,N3,0,1,2,5mg/g,2mg/g。NH4NO3,,70%。,,,,,,,(28±1)℃。23d,1,4,9,16,23d。,24h;10%(),,24h。N2O,,3。,,12h。。N2OCO2HP4890,NH4+-NKCl-,NO3--NKCl-[10]。2.3　SPSS13.0(one-wayANOVA);Excel2003。1　NH+4-NNO-3-N3　结果与分析3.1　NH+4-NNO-3-N1,N1,N2,N396h,609.95,978.05,1600.18mg/kg,N3,1959.46mg/kg,N1216h648.50mg/kg,,N2216h1094.26mg/kg,384h,136　　　　　23552h,1106.92mg/kg。N1,N2,N324h,485.41,810.70,2300.56mg/kg,,96h103.86,215.80,520.89mg/kg,,6.21%,12.88%,7.34%。2　N2O3.2　N2ON2O,N2O[11]。N2O。70%,N0N2O0.15～0.60μgN2O-N/(kg·h)。N124h1.2μgN2O-N/(kg·h),,N2,N3,216hN2O,30.61,90.51μgN2O-N/(kg·h)。0.31(N0),0.87(N1),17.69(N2),28.07(N3)μgN2O-N/(kg·h),。N2ON2ON2,N2ON2ON2,[11,12]。2,N024h0.80μgN2O-N/(kg·h),;N1,N2,N3、。N296h51.60μgN2O-N/(kg·h),N1,N3216h,2.07,100.88μgN2O-N/(kg·h)。N0,N1,N2,N3N2O0.25,0.81,22.29,30.28μgN2O-N/(kg·h),。3　3.3　CO2[13],,3,24h,N3,2.35mgCO2-C/(kg·h),,552h0.41mgCO2-C/(kg·h)。N0N2,96h,1.12,1.88mgCO2-C/(kg·h),,0.29,0.46mgCO2-C/(kg·h)。N124h0.74mgCO2-C/(kg·h),,0.17mgCO2-C/(kg·h)。N0N1(p0.01)。N3N2,N3N2N0N1,,。,[14],,。3.4　N2ON2O(1),N1,N2,N3N2O459.85,10558.42,17810.03μgN2O-N/kg,0.03%,1.04%1.76%,N2O,。N1,N2,N3471.71,13001.48,19382.83μgN2O-N/kg,0.04%,1.29%,1.93%,1373　　　　　:-,。N2O,N2O。1　N2O　μgN2O-N/kgN2ON0N1N2N3200.01459.8510558.4217810.03104.17471.7113001.4819382.83--0.03%0.04%1.04%1.29%1.76%1.93%4　讨论N2O、O2、-[15]。,N2O。,NO-3,,,[16]。2,N2O,1N2O,,N2O。,,96h(1),N2N3N2O,N2(2),N2,N3,(3),、,N2O。,216h,N2O,。N3N2O,N2N2O,,,N2N3,WolfandRussow,,,O2,[17],。,,,N2O,,[18]。N1N2O,。N1,[19],[14],,。40%,,N2O,。5　结论(1)N2O,,。(2)N2O0.03%～1.76%,0.04%～1.93%,。N2O,N2O。(3),,,。:[1]　IntergovernmentalPanelonClimateChange.ClimateChange2001:TheScientificBasis[C]//ContributionofWorkingGroupItotheThirdAssessmentReportoftheIntergovernmentalPanelonClimateChange.Cambridge:CambridgeUniversityPress,2001.[2]　,,,.N2O[J].,1996,7(3):273-279.[3]　WorldMeteorologicalOrganization(WMO).AnnualGreenhouseGasBulletin[R/OL].(2006)[4]　BouwmanAF.Exchangeofgreenhousegasesbetweenterrestrialecosystemsandtheatmosphere[C]//BouwmanAF.SoilandtheGreenhouseEffect.Chichester,NewYork:JohnWileyandSons,1990:61-127.[5]　VerhoevenJT,KeuterA,LogtestijnRV,etal.Controloflocalnutrientdynamicsinmitesbyregionalandclimaticfactors:acomparisonofDuchanPolishsites[J].JournalofEcology,1996,84:647-656.下转第157页138　　　　　23(2),,1.25,,0.170.31。。(3),,:,2.753.06。16,15,10,。10-20cm,。,;:,,,,;,,,-,。(4),、、。:[1]　.[M].:,1987:30-35.[2]　.[M].:,1958:42-45.[3]　.[M]//..:,1994:75-80.[4]　,.[J].,2002,16(1):6-10.[5]　,.[J].,2001,21(1):56-65.[6]　,.()[J].,2003,22(4):42-48.[7]　,,.[J].,1998,18(2):10-16.[8]　,.[J].,2000,14(4):55-59.[9]　,.-[J].,2000,14(1):7-11.[10]　,.[J].,2003,17(3):152-154.[11]　,,.[J].,1999,16(2):67-71.[12]　,.[J].,2007,21(3):1-5.责任编辑:付会芳上接第138页[6]　,,.CO2,CH4,N2O[J].,2005,25(8):1112-1118.[7]　,,.CO2,CH4N2O[J].,2006,