测定潜流人工湿地根系生物量的新方法陈章和

27220072ACTAECOLOGICASINICAVo.l27,No.2Feb.,2007:(021082);(30470346):2005-12-20;:2006-07-21:(1954～),,,,,.E-mail:[e-mail]:TheprojectwasfinanciallysupportedbyNaturalScienceFoundationofGuangdongProvince(No.021082),andNationalNaturalScienceFoundationofChina(No.30470346)Receiveddate:2005-12-20;Accepteddate:2006-07-21Biography:CHENZhang-He,Ph.D.,professor,mainlyengagedinecologyandenvironmentalscience.E-mail:[e-mail]陈章和,陈　芳,刘諝诚,程秀云,王玉彬,周先叶(,　510631):。,,,;,。20cm,50cm,1.80cm,1.38mm。,,,。,,,,,。,1a,,、、。712331.8gm-2,0～5cm174.4gm-2,5～15cm142.1gm-2,15cm15.3gm-2。,,182.4gm-2,,1.38gm-2。,7,12。,1mm,,;、,1mm80%100%,。:;;;;;:1000-0933(2007)02-0668-06　:Q948.1　:AAnewmethodforrootbiomassmeasurementinsubsurfaceflowgravel-bedconstructedwetlandsCHENZhang-He,CHENFang,LIUXu-Cheng,CHENGXiu-Yun,WANGYu-Bin,ZHOUXian-YeCollegeofLifeSciences,SouthChinaNormalUniversity,Guangzhou510631,ChinaActaEcologicaSinica,2007,27(2):0668～0673.Abstract:Anewdevicewasdesignedtostudyrootbiomassanddistributioninthesubsurfaceflowgravel-bedconstructedwetland.Thecylindricaldeviceismadeofastainlesssteelmeshwithawirethicknessof1.38mmandameshsizeof1.80cm.Thisdeviceis50cminheightand20cmindiameter.Thecylinderisinstalledverticallybetweenplantrowswiththetopjustabovethegravelsedimentofthewetlandandfilledwithgravelmediumasthesubstrateforplantrootestablishmen.tThegravelinsidethedevicecanberetrievedtoobserverootdistributionandtomeasurerootbiomassandplacedbackwhencompleted.Duringthisstudy,15cylinderswereinstalledinasmallgravel-bedconstructedwetland[8m×3m×0.7m(L×W×D)]vegetatedwith5wetlandplantspecies.Ourresultsindicatethatthismethodwaseffectiveandeasytouse.Totalrootbiomassfromtwomeasurementsduringtheoneyearstudywas331.8gm-2,ofwhich174.4gm-2inthemediumdepthof0-5cm,142.1gm-2in5-15cm,and15.3gm-2inbelow15cm.Measurementsonfivemacrophytes(CannaindicaLinn.,Cyperusalternifoliussubsp.flabelliformis(Rottb.)Kukenth,Hymenocallislittoralis(Jacq.)Salisb.,PennisetumpurpureumSchum.andPhragmitescommunisTrin.)revealedsignificantdifferencesinrootbiomassamongthesespecies,withthehighestrootbiomassof182.4gm-2inC.indicaandthelowestrootbiomassof1.38gm-2inH.littoralis.Rootbiomassofdifferentspeciesseemedtohavedifferentseasonalpatterns.P.purpureumhadlargerrootbiomassinJuly,asitshowedmorevigorousshootgrowthduringtheearlierpartoftheyear,andtheotherspecieshadhigherrootbiomassinDecember.Verticaldistributionofrootbiomassdifferedmarkedlyamongspecies.H.littoralisandP.communis,whichhaverhizomesorthickroots,presentedhigherpercentagesofrootbiomassinsizesgreaterthan1mm,deeperrootdistributionandlessrootbiomassintheshallowlayer.C.indica,C.flabelliformisandP.purpureum,whichhaveafibrousrootsystem,showedgreaterthan80%to100%ofrootbiomasswithin1mmsize,andshallowrootdistribution.KeyWords:newmethod;root;biomass;distribution;meshcylinder;subsurfaceflowconstructedwetland2070。,[1～3]。,2090,[4,5]。,、、、[6]。,、,。,、、,[6]。、,[7,8]。,“(blackbox)”[6]。,,。[9,10],,。。Tanner[11],。,,,,,。,,。,。,,、,。。1　,“”。,20cm,50cm。,1.80cm,1.38mm。,,。,。,(,)。,,、。,,,,。,。。28°08′,113°09′,22℃,(7)28℃,(1)13℃,1700～1900mm,49,103。8m,3m,0.7m,,。3cm0.55m,20043669　2　:　(CannaindicaLinn.),(Cyperusalternifoliussubsp.flabelliformis(Rottb.)Kukenth),(Hymenocallislittoralis(Jacq.)Salisb.),(PennisetumpurpureumSchum.)(PhragmitescommunisTrin.)5,4。,50cm×40cm,30cm×30cm。,3,515。5,,,8m×2m×0.6m(L×W×H),。0.2tm-2d-1。1。712。,0～5cm,5～15cm15cm,,,。15cm,。,,1mm,1～3mm3mm,(,FA1104),80℃。12。,,,100～200g,80℃。1　(mg/L)Table1　ConcentrationofsomecontaminantsinthewastewaterirrigatedCODCrBOD5TNTPSPNH4-N185.03±23.48111.02±18.2925.52±3.303.88±0.332.55±0.2021.64±2.06　　*20045～12AverageofmonthlymeasurementsfromMaytoDecember,2004;±mean±s.d.,n=82　　15(±,n=3)Fig.1　Rootbiomass(mean±s.d.)offivespeciesgrowninthesubsurfaceflowgravel-bedconstructedwetlandmeasuredwiththemeshcylindertechniqueH.lit:Hymenocallislittoralis(Jacq.)Salisb.;P.com:PhragmitescommunisTrin.;C.ind:CannaindicaLinn.;C.fla:Cyperusalternifoliussubsp.flabelliformis(Rottb.)Kukenth;P.pur:PennisetumpurpureumSchum.;thesamebelow2.1　,“”。,,,。,,,。,。,:;,;,。,、、。2.2　712331.8gm-2,D()1mm287.1,1mmD3mm36.9,D3mm7.87。。7,、、、95.0,63.6,2.60,1.380.674(gm-2),1229.6,118.8,18.9,01.28。,182.4,124.6,21.49,1.95,1.38(gm-2)(1)。,,,,7670　　　　27　,5。,,127。、127。,。,。,,1～3mm。、,1mm80%100%。,,1mm(2)。　25(±,n=3)Fig.2　Percentbiomass(mean±s.d.)ofdifferentrootsizesoverthetotalrootbiomassofeachspeciesgrowninthesubsurfaceflowgravel-bedconstructedwetland3。15cm,5cm5～15cm,15cm,。,,,,。、、,(4)。,530cm。2.3　7,150～200cm,70%,,60%,75%,75%,30%,45%。,,210cm。12,200～300cm,90%,,95%,95%,95%,50%,80%。,。12,(gm-2)5750。1625,1313,1229,1000,583。　3(±,n=15)Fig.3Verticaldistributionofrootbiomass(mean±s.d.)oftheplantcommunitygrowninthegravel-bedconstructedwetlandmeasuredwiththemeshcylindertechnique3　,、。,,,,30cm,,30cm[11]。,,。,,,,,,。,,,。。,、,,,,,,(),。,,。,,1671　2　:　45Fig.4Verticaldistributionofrootbiomassofthefivespeciesgrowninthesubsurfaceflowgravel-bedconstructedwetlandmeasuredwiththemeshcylindertechnique±Mean±s.d.,n=3[10]。。,,。Tanner4[11]。,。,。,,、。,,,,。,、、。,,。“”。,、。,,,。“”。,、、[12]。,,(D1mm),。“”(D1mm),。,