产甲烷UASB中颗粒污泥的快速培养及特性研究李东伟

UASB李东伟1,2,　王克浩1,　徐中慧1,　杨　建3(1.重庆大学资源及环境科学学院,重庆400030;2.重庆大学西南资源开发及环境灾害控制工程教育部重点实验室,重庆400030;3.东风设计研究院有限公司,湖北武汉430056)　　　:　在两相厌氧反应器的基础上,进行了产甲烷UASB中颗粒污泥的快速培养及特性研究。采用低负荷启动方式,通过快速提高进水COD和缩短水力停留时间使产甲烷UASB在最佳条件下运行,36d后产甲烷UASB中粒径1.0mm的颗粒污泥占64%,出水COD稳定在300mg/L以下,可认为颗粒污泥培养成功。颗粒污泥的成熟经历了形成不规则核心、挤压架桥、分割成长、修剪长大四个阶段,加速污泥颗粒化的因素包括适宜的生长环境、良好的水力特征等。　　:(2005BB7253)　　:　两相厌氧;　产甲烷相;　UASB;　快速启动;　颗粒污泥:703.1　　:A　　:1000-4602(2008)09-0021-05StudyonQuickCultivationofGranularSludgeandItsCharacteristicsinMethanogenicUASBLIDong-wei1,2,　WANGKe-hao1,　XUZhong-hui1,　YANGJian3(1.CollegeofResourceandEnvironmentalScience,ChongqingUniversity,Chongqing400030,China;2.KeyLaboratoryofExploitationofSouthwestResourcesandEnvironmentalHazardsControlEngineeringMinistryofEducation,ChongqingUniversity,Chongqing400030,China;3.DongfengDesignInstituteCo.Ltd.,Wuhan430056,China)　　Abstract:　Basedonthetwo-phaseanaerobicreactor,thequickcultivationofgranularsludgeanditscharacteristicsinmethanogenicUASBwerestudied.Start-upatlowloadingrate,quickincreasingoftheinfluentCODandshorteningofHRTcausemethanogenicUASBtobeoperatedunderoptimalcondi-tion.After36daysofoperation,64%oftotalgranularsludgeismorethan1.0mm,theeffluentCODislessthan300mg/L.Itisbelievedthatthecultivationofgranularsludgeissuccessfullyachieved.Thematurationofgranularsludgeexperiencesfourstagesincludingformationofirregularcore,extrusionandbridging,divisionandgrowth,shearandaccretion.Besides,thefactorsacceleratingthesludgegranula-tionincludetheappropriategrowingenvironment,goodhydrauliccharacteristicsandsoon.　　Keywords:　two-phaseanaerobictreatment;　methanogenicphase;　UASB;　quickstart-up;　granularsludge　　[1、2]。·21·第24卷　第9期2008年5月　　　　　　　　　　　　中国给水排水CHINAWATERWASTEWATER　　　　　　　　　　　　　Vol.24No.9May2008,。UASB,。1　试验材料与方法1.1　1。1　Fig.1　Schematicdiagramoftwo-phaseanaerobicreactor　　UASB。(R1),(R2)。30℃,。2.36L,2.10L;70mm,450mm,1.50L;100mm,120mm,0.60L,28.6%。5.15L,4.50L;80mm,800mm,3.50L;120mm,150mm,1.0L,22.2%;45°,50mm,,5mm。10L,。1.2　、,3∶1(),[3];NaHCO3pH6.5～7.3;NH4ClKH2PO4N、P。,COD∶N∶P=300∶5∶1。,。,,0.6mm,SS32.3g/L,VSS11.86g/L,VSS/SS36.72%。R11.0L,250mm。15.37gSS/L5.65gVSS/L,21.53gSS/L7.91gVSS/L。R22.6L,400mm。18.67gSS/L6.86gVSS/L,24.00gSS/L8.82gVSS/L。1.3　COD:[4];:,CaO;pH:;SS、VSS:;:;:。1.4　,,,。,1d,。,COD,1。1　Tab.1　Operationalconditionduringstart-upstage/dCOD/(mg·L-1)/(L·d-1)/(kgCOD·m-3·d-1)HRT/h/(m3·m-2·h-1)R1R2R1R21～35004.200.3312.0025.710.0830.0394～610005.500.829.1620.000.1090.0517～1220005.901.788.5418.310.1170.05513～1830006.673.037.5616.190.1330.06219～2640008.204.976.1513.170.1630.07627～3150009.307.055.4211.610.1850.08632～3660009.308.465.4211.610.1950.091·22·第24卷　第9期　　　　　　　　　　　　　　中国给水排水　　　　　　　　　　　　　　COD,,。,NaHCO3pH6.5～7.3,200mg/L;,CaOpH7.0±0.3,。2　结果与讨论2.1　UASB:、。①　(1～12d),,。R2,,,,。10R2,,,。R1,。R2R1,,,,。,R2,、,。②　(13～26d)13～18dR2,,,。0.5mm,,。,15cm,1～2mm;1mm。③　(27～36d)R220cm,60%,1～3mm,,;。SS、COD300mg/L。,、,,R2。2.2　CODCOD2、3。2　、CODFig.2　VariationofinfluentandeffluentCODduringstart-up3　CODFig.3　CODremovalefficiencyduringstart-up　　3,4～9dUASBHRT25.71h18.31h,COD60%。,,,,COD。,UASBCOD,。,,COD;UASBpH,,COD。13～26dUASBHRT16.19h13.17h,2.29kgCOD/(m3·d)5.0kgCOD/(m3·d),COD60.23%79.32%。36HRT11.61h,8.90kgCOD/(m3·d),·23·李东伟,等:产甲烷UASB中颗粒污泥的快速培养及特性研究第24卷　第9期0.091m3/(m2·h),UASBCOD95.21%,COD96.66%。2.3　VSS/SSUASBSS162mg/L,SS34mg/L。,UASB,。,VSS/SS0.71,,,。2.4　26、36dUASB,,4。4　UASBFig.4　SizedistributionofgranularsludgeinmethanogenicUASBreactor　　4,,UASB1.0mm64%。,。,1.0～3.0mm50%,、。2.5　,、。,UASB,20d1.5mm,,,,,;36d,2.5mm,,。,1.0mm。2.6　36,,。,UASB,。3　颗粒污泥的形成机理探讨UASB,[5]:①　,“”。,,,。②　,,,,,。,,,,,、,。,[≤0.06m3/(m2·h)]。③　,,,,,。,,20。④　,、,,,。,,,。[6]:·24·第24卷　第9期　　　　　　　　　　　　　　中国给水排水　　　　　　　　　　　　①。,。②。,CaOUSABpH(6.8～7.2)(450～750mg/L)。③。UASB,,;,。4　结论①　,COD,CaOpH7.0±0.3,UASB。36dUASB80%,1～3mm,SS,COD300mg/L,UASB。②　UASB,。③　、、、,。:[1]　KeShuizhou,ShiZhou,FangHerbertHP.Applicationsoftwo-phaseanaerobicdegradationinindustrialwastewatertreatment[J].IntJEnvironPollut,2005,23(1):65-80.[2]　,,,.[J].,2005,21(3):49-52.[3]　ShowKuan-Yeow,WangYing,FoongShiu-Feng,etal.Acceleratedstart-upandenhancedgranulationinupflowanaerobicsludgeblanketreactors[J].WaterRes,2004,38(5):2292-2303.[4]　.(3)[M].:,1997.[5]　,,,.ABR[J].,2003,23(5):575-581.[6]　,,,.ABR[J].,2007,23(5):73-77.:(1966-　),　,　,　,　,　。:[phone]E-mail:[e-mail]:2008-01-14(上接第20页)　　　metalsusingiron-oxide-coatedsand[J].WaterRes,1996,30(11):2609-2620.[7]　ChangYY,SongKi-Hoon.Applicationofiron-coatedsandandmanganese-coatedsandonthetreatmentofbothAs(Ⅲ)andAs(Ⅴ)[J].WaterSciTechnol,2007,55(1-2):69-75.[8]　ThirunavukkarasuOS,ViraraghavanT.Arsenicremovalfromdrinkingwaterusingironoxide-coatedsand[J].WaterAirSoilPollut,2003,142(1):95-111.[9]　.(4)[M].:,2002.[10]　CJ24.1—88,[S].[11]　,.[J].,2002,18(4):1-4.[12]　,.[J].,2002,22(12):34-36.[13]　,,.[J].,2006,25(2):32-34.[14]　,,.、XRD、FTIRXPS[J].,2007,27(3):402-407.[15]　DermatasD,MengX.RemovalofAs,CrandCdbyad-sorptivefiltration[J].GlobalNest:TheInternationalJournal,2004,6(1):73-80.[16]　,,,.[J].(),2007,35(8):1080-1084.:(1976-　),　,　,　,　,　。:[phone]E-mail:ji