超滤操作条件对超滤膜清洗效率的影响齐希光

:1007-8924(2006)01-0047-04超滤操作条件对超滤膜清洗效率的影响齐希光1　郭群峰2　李秀芬3＊(1.,214036;2.,063000;3.,,214036)　:超滤操作条件直接影响膜面滤饼层的厚度和密度,从而间接影响污染膜的化学清洗效率.针对聚砜超滤膜-谷氨酸发酵液体系,着重考察超滤溶液pH值、离子强度、污染时间以及超滤压力对清洗效率的影响.结果表明,超滤pH值从2.77升高到7.00时,清洗效率升高到99.48%;但pH值进一步升高到9.00时,发酵液中的菌体和蛋白质及膜表面均带强大负电荷,由于静电排斥使得清洗剂中的有效成分———阴离子表面活性剂难以接近污染层,清洗效率降低,从pH7.00的99.48%降低到pH9.00的82.71%;超滤时间越长,剪切力的作用使膜面滤饼越致密,清洗变得困难,超滤1h的清洗效率为99.73%,而3h的清洗效率为57.92%;超滤压力为0.05MPa时清洗效率为86.49%,压力升高到0.08MPa时,清洗效率达99.48%,即低压范围内,超滤压力大,清洗效率高;清洗效率随超滤溶液离子强度增大而增大.:超滤;发酵液;化学清洗:TQ028.8　　:A　　,.[1][2,3][4],,.50%,30%[5],.、,,,,、.1　材料与方法1.1　:,.pH6.8～7.2,34～36℃,,:3%～4%,7%～8%,1%,0.8%,0.6%～0.8%,0.6%～0.8%,、.,1.425cm,34.68cm2,,,20000～30000,.1.2　2.J0,()24h,2L,,,.　　1%NaOH、:2004-05-18;:2004-06-28:(1968-),,,.＊〈[e-mail]〉26　1　　　　　Vol.26　No.120062MEMBRANESCIENCEANDTECHNOLOGYFeb.2006DOI:10.16159/j.cnki.issn1007-8924.2006.01.0131　Fig.1　SchematicdiagramofUFsystem,,0.3%、1.5LUltrasil11(),20min,,1.5L,Jc.0.02MPa,.2　Fig.2　Flowsheetofmembranefoulingandcleaning,(rc)(,0.08MPa)、(,)Jc(L·m-2·h-1)J0(L·m-2·h-1):rc=JcJ0×100%(1)2　实验结果与讨论2.1　pHpH,[6].pH3.3　Fig.3　Cleaningefficiencyoffouledmembraneunderdifferentsolutionchemistryconditions　　,,pH9.00,pH,pH7.0099.48%,,,,,,;pH2.777.00,()(),,,,,,;pH,,,,———,,,,82.71%.3:,,,,,,,;,,,,,.2.2　0.3%NaOH+0.3%H2O2,45℃.4.,,1h99.73%2h57.92%.,　·48　　　·　　　　　26　,,,,.4　Fig.4　CleaningefficiencyofdifferentUFtime2.3　,,,[7],.,0.050.08MPa,,0.05MPa,86.49%,0.08MPa99.48%.,,0.050.08MPa,10.39×10-121.54×10-12m-1,,.Ramesh[8]:,,,.,,,[9].,,,,,,,.Bartlett[10],,,,,,,,,,.3　结论.pH7.00,pH,、,,,,,,pH2.7783.10%7.0099.48%,pH9.00,82.71%;,;,,;,.[1]KuruzovichJN,PiergiovanniPR.Yeastcellmicrofiltra-tion:optimizationofbackwashingfordelicatemembranes[J].JMembrSci,1996,112:241-247.[2]MaH,HakimLF,BowmanCN,etal.Factorsaffectingmembranefoulingreductionbysurfacemodificationandbackpulsing[J].JMembrSci,2001,189:255-270.[3]MoresWD,DavisRH.Directvisualobservationofyeastdepositionandremovalduringmicrofiltration[J].JMembrSci,2001,189:217-230.[4]MaH,BowmanCN,DavisRH.Membranefoulingre-ductionbybackpulsingandsurfacemodification[J].JMembrSci,2000,173:191-200.[5]TamC,Dal-CinM,CapesetalE.Importantconsidera-tionsintheselectionanduseofmembraneseparationpro-cesses[J].ProcessTechnolProc,1994,11:681-701.[6]KinsellaJE,WhiteheadDM.Proteinsinwheychemicalphysicalandfunctionalproperties[J].AdvFoodNutritionRes,1989,33:343-438.[7]BurrellKJ,GillC,McKechnieMT,etal.Advanceinseparationtechnologyforthebrewer:ceramiccross-flowmicrofiltrationofroughbeer[J].MBAATechnicalQuar-terly,1994,31(2):42-50.[8]RameshBP,GaikarVG.MembranecharacteristicsasdeterminationinfoulingofUFmembranes[J].SepnPu-rifnTechnol,2001,24:23-34.[9]FoleyG,MaloneDM,MacloughlinF.Modelingtheef-fectsofparticlepolydispersityincrossflowfiltration[J].JMembrSci,1995,99:77-88.[10]BartlettM,BirdMR,HowellJA.Anexperimentalstudyforthedevelopmentofaqualitativemembranecleaningmodel[J].JMembrSci,1995,105:147-157.(54)　1:·49　　　·　[1],　,.[J].,2003,23(6):54-58.[2],.[J].,1999,19(4):1-11.[3],,.[J].,2000,20(11):10-13.[4],　,.[J].,2002,28(1):12-16.[5]PlummerMA,ColoL.Preventingpluggingbyinsolublesaltsinahydrocarbon-bearingformationandassociatedproductionwells[P].USPat:4723603,1988-02-09.[6]WilfM,ChebtP,LangeP.Designandperformanceofalargereverseosmosissoftingplan[A].IDAConference[C].Washongton:1991.1-25.[7]HassanAM,Al-SofiMAK,Al-AmoudiAS.Anewapproachtomembraneandthermalseawaterdesalinationprocessesusingnanofiltrationmembranes(Part1)[J].De-salination,1998,118(1-3):35-51.[8],.[J].,2000,26(5):223-258.[9],,.[J].,2002,16(3):257-262.[10],.[J].,2002,18(9):45-46.[11]　,,.[M].:,2001.6-10.[12]　,　,,.[M].:,2001.248-250.[13].[M].:,2003.38-73.StudyondesalinationperformanceofseawaterwithnanofiltrationmembraneFANGJianhui,JIANGHua,LIUJiquan,SHENXia,ShiLiyi(DepartmentofChemistry,ShanghaiUniversity,Shanghai200444,China)Abstract:Seawaterdesalination,amajortechnologyforsolvingtheproblemofwatershortage,hasnotbeenwidelyacceptedovertheworldjustbecauseofitshighenergyandinvestment.Desalinationexperimentsofsea-waterwerecarriedoutbyusingHL1812nanofiltrationmembrane.TheeffectsoftheDesalinationtimeandthetemperatureofseawateraswellasthepressureontheseparationperformanceandstabilityofnanofiltrationmembranewereinvestigated.Lowercostcanbeobtainedbyutilizingnanofiltrationasapretreatmentforthere-movalofhardnessandTDS.Keywords:membraneseparation;nanofiltration;seawaterdesalination(49)EffectofUFoperatingconditiononcleaningefficiencyoffouledmembraneQiXiguang1,GUOQunfeng2,LIXiufen3＊(1.SchoolofFoodScience,SouthernYangtzeUniversity,Wuxi214036,China;2.NorthChinaCoalMadicalInstitute,Tangshan063000,China;3.KeyLab.ofIndustrialBiotechnology,MinistryofEducation,SchoolofBiotechnology,SouthernYangtzeUniversity,Wuxi214036,China)Abstract:UFoperatingconditionsdirectlyinfluencethethicknessanddensityofcakelayeronthemembranesurfaceandindirectlythecleaningefficiencyoffoulingmembrane.TheeffectoffeedpH,ionicstrength,foulingtimeandpressureonthecleaningefficiencyduringthefiltrationofglutamicfermentationbrothisinvestigated.Theresultsshowedthatthecleaningefficiencyisupto99.48%withpH