()王静,张雨山(国家海洋局天津海水淡化与综合利用研究所,天津 300192) [],29,()。 [];;() []TQ051.8+93 []A []1005-829X(2001)03-0004-04PresentstateoftheapplicationoftheultrafiltrationmembraneandmicrofiltrationmembranetowastewatertreatmentanditsdevelopmenttrendWANGJing,ZHANGYu-shan(TianjinResearchInstituteofSeawaterDesalinationanditsComprehensiveUtilization,NationalBureauofOceanography,Tianjin300192,China)Abstract:Theapplicationscopeandscaleoftheultrafiltrationmembraneandmicrofiltrationmembranehavebeenexpandingyearafteryear.Inthispaper,thepresentstateoftheapplicationoftheultrafiltrationmembraneandmicrofiltrationmembranetowastewatertreatmentanditsdevelopmenttrendaredescribedbriefly,recommand-ing29piecesofrefereneceliterature.Keywords:ultrafiltrationmembrane;microfiltrationmembrane;wastewatertreatment ,,。 、、、,。,。1861Schmidt〔1〕,,,Amicon。2060,。1918Zsigmondy,1921。1925(Gottingen)“SartoriusGmbH”,。,,。,。 nm1μm,500~106。0.1~10μm〔2〕。,,。,,(0.1~1μm)(125μm)。,。,,;,。,。 、、、,。()。1 ,、、、。、,—4—2001年3月第21卷第3期 IndustrialWaterTreatment Mar.,2001Vol.21No.3。 、。。1.1 在金属加工废水处理中的应用 ,,,10000~125000mg/L,,,、。,1μm。 ,,。,,,10g/m3,〔3〕。30%~60%,。 、〔4〕,,1000~5500mg/L,COD10000~50000mg/L,pH9.0~11.5。,10mg/L,COD1700~5000mg/L,99%。1.2 在油田含油污水处理中的应用 ,,。100~1000mg/L,(10mg/L),。,。30μm,;,;;,;;,。,0.1MPa,40℃,60~120L/(m2·h),200~1000mg/L〔5〕。 ,。〔6〕,1.5t/h,1a,0.56mg/L,0.5mg/L,。2 ,1%,COD,。(PVA)、。2070,〔7〕。3 ,。,,。,,1%,。 ,100m2,。,,。,2a〔3〕。4 ,270,,1t2~3t,0.6~0.7t,4.1~4.5t。55t,1100m3。(pH1.5~3.2)、COD(40000~80000mg/L)、BOD(20000~40000mg/L)、SO2-4(8000~9000mg/L)、SS(10000~20000mg/L),。 ,,〔8~10〕。,,。,,。,,98%,〔11〕。——,〔12〕。,,〔13〕。,〔14〕。—5—2001-03,21(3) 超滤膜和微滤膜在污(废)水处理中的应用研究现状及发展趋势5 (MembraneBioreator,MBR),。、,,,,,(0)。2070,、、。50MBR,〔15〕。 。,,10~20〔16〕。MBR,,,。,。,,。,〔17〕。 HideakiNoma〔18〕。。,。 ,5h,44.2L/hCOD、SS99%、98%100%〔19〕,。 ,,,0.2μm,13.9m2,0.7m3,150d〔20〕。,,。,。 ,AO〔21〕。O,1.0m2,,0.01μm。A/OA2/O,,。 ,,20000~70000〔22〕。,,;SS;99.9%;COD、,,,。 YangZaoYan、〔23〕。,COD98.9%,92.3%;COD20mg/L。,COD92.6%,COD25.2mg/L。 1.5h,COD5.76kg/(m3·d),CODNH3—N90%,MLVSS,50%~60%〔24〕。6 (Micellar-EnhancedUltrafiltra-tionMEUF)。,,,。,,〔25〕。 ScamehornJ.F.(SDS)Cd2+、Zn2+、Cu2+Ca2+,96%,〔26〕。MEUF。HuangY-C,Cu2+、Pb2+、Ca2+、Ni2+Zn2+SDS,99.9%〔27〕。 MEUF,MEUF。MundkurS.D.—6—专论与综述 2001-03,21(3)(CMC),,,,Cu2+,Cu2+〔28〕。MEUF。MundkurS.D.Cu2+100×10-61×10-6。 IEUF(IonExpulsionUltrafiltration)。,,IEUF。KrehbielDKIEUFCrO42-〔29〕。7 (),,。:(1)。,(),;(2)、、。,,,;(3)、pH、。pH,,,。[][1]SchmidtA.…[J].PoggendorffAnn.,1881,114:337.[2],.[M].::1992.[3]GrutmanRG.MembraneFiltration—TheTechnologyofPressuredrivenCrossflowProcess[M].IOPpublishingLtd,1987.[4],,.[C].,1999,6.[5].、、[C].,1999,5.[6],,.、、[C].,1999,5.[7],.[M].:,1989.[8],,.[J].,1998,18(6):1~3.[9].[J].,1996,18(1):33~36.[10],,.[J].,1994,16(1):1~5.[11],.[J].,1994,16(1):6~10.[12],.[J].,1997,17(3):24~25.[13],,.[J].,1991,17(2):129~132.[14],,,.[C].,1999,6.[15]DaviesWJ,LeMS,HealthCR.Intensifiedactivatedsludgepro-cesswithsubmergedmembranemicrofiltration[C].IAWQ19thBiennialInternationalConferencePreprint,Book4,21~26June1998,Vancouver,Canada:182~189.[16]LVanDijkandGCGRoncken.MembraneBioreactorsforWastewaterTreatment:ThestateoftheArtandNewDevelop-ment[J].Wat.Sci.Tech.,1997,35(10):35~41.[17]TatsrkiUeda,KenjHata,Yasuto,etal.Effectofaerationofsuc-tionpressureinasubmergedmembranebioreactor[J].Wat.Res.,1992,31(3):489~494.[18]HideakiNoma,AkiraTakahashi.ApplicationofMicrofilterSepara-tion-ActivatedSludgeMethodinSewageWaterRecyclingofanIslandResortLocatedinthePhilippines[C].China-JapanInter-nationalSymposiumonMembraneHybridSystemAppliedtoWa-terTreatingProceedings,1999,10,Tianjin,China.[19],.[J].,1999,19(3):29~31.[20],,.[J].,1998,14(5):6~8.[21],,.[J].,1999,15(9):13~16.[22],.[J].,1999,15(9):10~12.[23]YangZaoYanetal,Experimentalinvestigationofwastewatertreatmentusingahollowfibermembranebioreactor[C].China-JapanInternationalSymposiumonMembraneHybridSystemAp-pliedtoWaterTreatingProceedings,Tianjin,China,1999,10.[24],.[J].,1999,20(2):53~56.[25],.[M].:,1998.[26]ScamehornJF,etal.RemovalofDivalentMetalCationsandMixturesfromAqueousStreamsUsingMicellar-EnhancedUltra-filtration[J].SeparationScienceandTechnology,1994,29—7—2001-03,21(3) 超滤膜和微滤膜在污(废)水处理中的应用研究现状及发展趋势KDF张寿恺1,邱梅2(1.同济大学,上海 200092;2.上海交通大学,上海 200030) [],KDF,,,,,。 [];;KDF []P747.5 []A []1005-829X(2001)03-0008-02ApplicationofKDFmediumtothepretreatmentofreverseosmosissystemsZHANGShou-kai1,QIUMei2(1.TongjiUniversity,Shanghai200092,China;2.JiaoTongUniversity,Shanghai200030,China)Abstract:Inthispaper,theapplicationofKDFmediumtothepretreatmentofreverseosmosissystemsisintro-duced.Themechanismofscaleinhibition,thereductionofsolidsuspendedmatter,oxidizingagents,heavymetalandhydrogensulfide,andthecontrolofbacteriumandalgaearedescribed.Alivingexampleisgivenaswell.Keywords:reverseosmosis;pretreatment;KDF ,,。,,。:()、(、)、、(、)(、)。 :,。KDF,KDF55。 KDFKDF55〔1〕,KDF〔2〕。1 KDF〔3〕 KDF、、、,(99.99%)(50%50%)。 ,、、,,KDF,、,,,。 ,KDF,,。2 KDF,。pH、。,pH,。KDF55 (7):809~830.[27]HuangY-C,etal.CrossflowSurfactant-BasedUltrafiltrationofHeavyMetalsfromWaste