第19卷第2期2008年4月水资源与水工程学报JournalofWaterResources&WaterEngineeringVol.19No.2Apr.,2008 :2008-02-27; :2008-03-19:(GG5074);(06JK215):(1982-),(),,,、。裴亮a,姚秉华a,b,付兴隆b(a.,b.,710048) :,。。:;;:TU991.2 :A :1672-643X(2008)02-0004-08NewprogressofapplicationofultrafiltrationtechnologyintothedrinkingwatertreatmentPEILianga,YAOBing-huaa,b,FUXing-longb(a.TheFacultyofWaterResourcesandHydraulicPower,b.TheFacultyofSciences,Xi'anUniversityofTechnology,Xi'an,Shaanxi710048,China)Abstract:Basedonlargereviewingthedomesticandforeignreferences,thispaperhasintroducedthenewtechnologyofultrafiltrationandtheresearchprogresscombinedtheultrafiltrationwithpretreatmentforthepurificationofdrinkingwaterinrecentyears,andhasexpectedthesetech-nologyapplicationforegroundanddevolopingdirectioninChina.Keywords:ultrafiltration;pretreatment;molecular-weightcutoff. ,,,。,2000,、、。、、、[1]。,。,。,,、、,[2]。,,[3]。1 饮用水处理传统工艺的弊端[4~6]。,、、。“---”,,,,;,,。1.1 20056《》,,1/10L。。(USEPA),0.5NTU,,0.3NTU,99%,0.1NTU,99.9%。,1NTU,。,。1.2 ,,,、。,,,,。1.3 ,、,。。,、,,()。2 UF工艺与常规工艺的比较,UF:①,。、,UF,UF0.1NTU,99.9%[7~9]。②。UF、、[7~9],,。③。UF1/5[10]。④+,。,。KlausHagen[11],UF0.095/m3(0.55/m3,,5a;0.15kW/m3)。[12],+,;16.83~17.67L/min,15.00~16.40L/min,89.0%~93.0%;,;1.28m2,。[13]UF0.23/m3,0.18kW/m3。,-0.30/m3。++。P.Lipp[8]1998,UF,:2×104m3/d,UF;(2×104~10×104m3/d),UF;30×104m3/d,UF。UF、、。(42%),32%,21%,5%。,,,UF[14]。3 超滤新技术研究,,:、;,:、。,,[15]。3.1 (MEUF)、(LM-MEUF)(PF)(MEUF)-(LM-MEUF、PF)。[16]2080,。,。MEUF、、、()。MEUF,,。CPCl4-(1mM),CPCl10mM,4-0.096mM,,CPCl,,4-0.0196mM[17]。RobertsBL[18](Cu2+)、(CrO42-)MEUF,,5第2期 裴亮,等:超滤新技术及在饮用水处理中的研究应用新进展0.414MPa,,(90~200mmol/L),98%~99.9%,。[19](DCE):(15mmo1/L,1h,400℃,0.15MPa),60000DCE80%。MEUF,,。,。,。,LM-MEUF。,,,,。。,、。,,;。[15,16]。[20],(SDS),,(23)(brij35)、(9)(Tritonx-100)SDS,,2.,,brij35、Tritonx-100,。3.2 [15],;。3.2.1 狭义集成膜技术 ,,。。,,。[21]:+++++。、、、、,。,+CJ94-1999,。,+,:[22]+++,,60%。3.2.2 超临界流体强化超滤 ,。,,,,。CO2,,“”。[23],CO2:CO2、、,[24]。3.2.3 超声波强化超滤技术 :、。:,:,;。,。,6 水资源与水工程学报 2008年,,,,;,,,,1000m/s,,,,。[25]。,,,,。3.3 ,[26~29]、[30,31]、[32~35]、[36,37][38,39]。、、,。,,。,。,,。,,、。,。,、,,、,。、,,[40]。4 超滤技术在饮用水处理中应用现状,。,“”、、、,。,,。,,、、。。-、-,。4.1 PAC-UFPAC-UF。PACUF,,。-(PAC-UF),,。KlausHagen[41]UF,-。PAC,,UF,。,PAC。Joseph[42]PAC,,。PAC,。[43][44]:,、UV254、,PACNH3-N,UV254。,,。[45,46]-,,。,;,。PAC-UF,1997Vigneux,5.5×104m3/d,PAC8mg/L[47]。,PACUF,200000m3/d。7第2期 裴亮,等:超滤新技术及在饮用水处理中的研究应用新进展,PACUF,,[48]。4.2 --UF:,,;,,。:①,,;②;③,,[49]。,。-,。[50],-。,-(),6000。,,,。GuiguiC[51]-UFFeCl3(NOM)。[52],。:,,,,,;,,,,。[53]-。,99.9%;、CODMnUV254,,2/3,6,,。,[54,55]--,。,CODMn。(4mg/L),CODMn,4mg/L,CODMn,,。[56],[Al2(SO4)3·18H2O、FeCl3]PAC,,。,[57]、(PAC),:、。550min,0.350NTU,UV254TOC60%40%。,,。-UF200312.7×104m3/d[58]。,,。4.3 [59]-PAC,,;-PAC;;,。Laine[60](GAC),,,GAC-UF。WataruTsujimoto[61](GAC)UF,GAC,8 水资源与水工程学报 2008年,,。[62][63]--。,,,,,,。-,DOC,。[64](EAC),,、。,+50%,。-,,。4.4 [5],,2003[65]MBR-PAC,。G.T.Seo[66]2004PACMBR。MBR。[67]-MBR;[68]-PAC-MBR。[69],FeCl3,,EFM。5 目前存在的问题和今后的研究方向(1),[70]。,[71,72]。,。。(2),,。。(3),。,,(pH、),。(、、)。,[73]。,,:①、、、,,;②,,;③,。,,,。-,。:[1],.(4)[M].:,1999.[2].[J].,2007,(27):172-173.[3]WiesnerM,ClarkM,MallevialleJ.FiltrationofCoagu-latedSuspensions[J].Envir.Engrg,1989,115(1):20-40.[4],.-[J].,2007,1(1):1-3.[5].[J].,2007,6(3):57-59.[6].[J].,2002,18(4):45-49.[7]LaEnéJM,VialD,PierreMoulart.Statusafter109第2期 裴亮,等:超滤新技术及在饮用水处理中的研究应用新进展yearsofoperation-overviewofUFtechnologytoday[J].Desalination,2000,131(1):17-25.[8]LippP,BaldaufG,SchickR,etal.Stabelintegrationofultrafiltrationtoconventionaldrinkingwatertreat-mentforabetterparticleremoval-efficiencyandcosts[J].Desalination,1998,119(2):133-142.[9],,,.[C]//..:,2005:525-532.[10].[J].,2002,18(4):45-49.[11]KlausHagen.Removalofparticales,bacteriaandpara-siteswithultrafiltrationfordrinkingwatertreatment[J].Desalination,1998,119(2):85-91.[12].+[J].,2007,19(6):39-42.[13],,,.[J].,2004,24(1):40-43.[14],,,.[J].,2006,37(3):7-10.[15],,.[J].,2007,26(4):12-14.[16].[M].:,2004.3:327-329.[17]WasanDT,GinnME,ShahDO.SurfactantScienceSeries:Vol.28Surfactantsinchemical/processengi-neering[M].NewYork:MarcelDekker,1998.[18]RobertsBL,ScamehornJF,ChristianSD.Surfactants-Basedseparationsscienceandtechnology[J].Ameri-canChemicalSociety,2000,42(1):29-55.[19],,,.[J].,2005.31(8):40-44.[20],,,.[J].,2007,27(3):317-321.[21].+[J].,2004,18(2):23-55.[22].[EB/OL].[2005-10-24].=4335.[23]KimIC,ChoiJG,TakTM.Sulfonatedpolyethersul-fonebyheterogeneousmethodanditsmembraneper-formance[J].JournalofAppliedPolymerScience,1999,50:327-343.[24].[M].:,2005.7:688-689.[25],,,.[J],,2003,29(4):191-193.[26],.--[J].,2004,24(9):26-29.[27],,,.[J].,1996,22(6):319-322.[28].[D],:,1999.[29],,,.[J].,1998,17(6):10-14.[30]ChenV,FaneAG,FellCJD.Theuseofanioniesur-faetanrsforreducingfoulingofultrafiltrationmem-branes:theireffectsandoptimization[J].MembrSei,1992,67(2-3):246-261.[31]MurPhyEF,LuJR.Thereducedabsoptionofpro-teinsatthephosphorylcholineincorporatedpolymer-waterinterface[J].Langmuir,1999,15:1313-1322.[32]MarianaDD,CarminaLP,TatianaPopb.Su