超声波技术在污泥处理中的研究及发展曹秀芹

曹秀芹　陈　(,100044)　本文分析了超声波降解有机物的机理,并对超声波技术在污泥处理中的研究现状进行了综述,同时提出可以利用超声波分解污泥作为形成微生物隐性生长的一种方法,并达到污泥减量的目的。　超声波　超声空化　水力剪切力　细胞分解　污泥处理　污泥减量1　。、。,。2　1996、[1]。2090,、、,。。CO2,。,,。[2]。,CODCOD。,:、、。、、。3　,70BanksWalker[3][6]。BrownLester[4][7]。,。,。、、、。,,,[5]。,,。,[6]。3.1　超声波分解污泥的实验研究3.1.1　1991,Harrison[7],40000。Portenl¨anger[8]1999100kHz。,,,。、。,,,(5000K)、(100MPa)。,,。,。23　　　20028204DOI:10.13205/j.hjgc.2002.04.006,。,100～1000kHz,。,,。Neis[9],。,。41kHz。,,。3.1.2　Tiehm[10]。0.5molLNaOH20℃22h(100%),(COD)。DDCOD=(CODUltrasound-COD0)(CODNaOH-COD0)×100%　DDCOD———　%。COD;COD0———COD　mgL;CODUltrasound———COD　mgL;CODNaOH———0.5molLNaOH20℃22hCOD　mgL。Tiehm41、207、360、616、10683217kHz。,COD,,DDCOD,。、,。20kHz,。。Mark[11],Mark20～100kHz。Tiehm7.5～150min。(7.5min)COD,。(OUR)10%,。30、60150min,DDCOD4.7、13.123.7%。41kHz,Tiehm0.1wcm2,0.4wcm2,。(kJkg)。Neis[12],。3.2　超声波对污泥絮体尺寸的影响Chu[13]、。20kHz,20～120min,98.9μm。0.11wmL,;0.22wmL;0.33wmL20min22μm,120min4μm;0.44wmL,20min3μm,。Jean[14]0.11wmL0.33wmL2。0.11wmL,60min31μm20μm,35%;0.33wmL,20min,14μm。3.3　超声波对不同细菌的影响Jean0.33wmL,40min,82%,99%,COD60min12;0.11wmL,,,60min,,COD,,,COD。,0.11wmL0.33wmL,24　　　20028204,。Chu,0.11wmL60min,120min60%。,,60min41%,120min36%;0.33wmL,20min,44%,3%。,BODCOD=0.66,SCOD(COD)TCOD(COD)1%。0.11wmL,120minCOD40,BODCOD0.66～0.8,COD。,COD,。3.4　超声波分解污泥引起温度上升的现象Chu,0.44wmL,2min55℃。,15℃,0.11wmL,COD;,2%COD。0.33wmL。COD。,,。4　,、,、、,,COD,。,CODCOD,,;,。。,。,、。,,。1　、、..,2001.17(11):24～26.2　RocherM,GomaG,BegueAP,etal.Towardsareductioninexcesssludgeproductioninactivatedsludgeprocesses:biomassphysicochemicaltreatmentandbiodegradation.AppleMicrobiolBiotechnol,1999.(51):883～890.3　BanksC.J.andWalkerI.Sonicationofactivatedsludgeflocsandtherecoveryoftheirbacteriaonsolidmedia.J.Gen.Microbiol.1997.98:363～368.4　BrownM.J.andLesterJ.N.Comparisonofbacteriaextracellarpolymerextractionmethods.Appl.Environ.Microbiol.1980.40:179～185.5　C.PChuetc.ObservationsOnchangesinultrasonicallytreatedwaste-activatedsludge.WaterResearch,2001.35(4):1038～1046.6　..,2001.32(1).7　HarrisonS.L.Bacterialcelldisrruption:akeyunitoperationintherecoveryofintracellularproducts.Biotechnol.Adv.1991.(9)217～240.8　Portenl¨angerG.Mechanicalandradicaleffectsofultrasound.UltrasoundinEnvironmentalEngineeringTUHamburg-harburgReportsonSanitaryEngineering,1999.9　Neisu.ultrosoundinwater,wantewaterandsludgetreatment.Water21,2000.36～39.10　TiehmA.,NickleK.,andNeisU.Ultrasonicwasteactivatedsludgedisintegrationforimprovinganaerobicstabilization.WaterResearch,2001.35(8):2003～200911　MarkG.etalOH-radicalformationbyultrasoundinaqueoussolution-PartⅡ.TerephthalateandFrickedosimetryandtheinfluenceofvariousconditionsonthesonolyticyield.UltrasonicsSonochem.1998.(5):41～52.12　NeisU.,NickelK.andTiehmA.Enhancementofanaerobicsludgedigestionbyultrasonicdisintegration.DisposalandUtilisationofSewageSludge:TreatmentMethodsandApplicationModalities,IAWQSpecialisedConferenceonsludgeTreatment,Athens,Greece,1999.129～136.13　ChuC.P.etal.Observationsonchangesinultrasonicallytreatedwaste-activatedsludge.WaterResearch,2001.35(4):1038～1046.14　JeanD.S.etal.ReductionofmicrobialdensitylevelinsewagesludgethroughpHadjustmentandultrasonictreatment.WaterSciTechnol2000.42(9):97～102.15　..,2000.20(12):8～10.　,,196512,。、。2002-01-0725　　　20028204THERESEARCHONAPPLICATIONANDDEVELOPMENTOFULTRASOUNDINSLUDGETREATMENTCaoXiuqinetal(23)………………………………………………………………………………………………Abstract　Thispaperanalyzesthemechanismofultrasonicdegradationoforganicmatter,andsummarizestheresearchsituationofultrasoundapplyinginsludgetreatment.Atthesametime,itpointsoutthatultrasonicdecompositiononsludgecanbeusedasawayofcausingthecrypticgrowth,thusobtainingtheaimatthereductionofexcessbiomass.Keywords　ultrasound,ultrasoniccavitation,hydraulicshearforce,celldisintegration,sludgetreatmentandreductionofbiomassDESIGNANDCALCULATIONOFCARROUSELOXIDATIONDITCHFORTREATINGMUNICIPALSEWAGEHeYonghuaetal(26)…………………………………………………………………………………Abstract　ThedesignandcalculationofCarrouseloxidationditcharediscussedinmoredetailbytakingtheoxidationditchtechnologyofasewagetreatmentplantforacertaincityforexample.Keywords　Carrousel,oxidationditchanddesign　calculationHAO1O2PROCESSINTREATMENTOFOILREFINERYANDPETROCHEMICALWASTEWATEROFHIGHCONCENTRATIONANDITSAPPLICATIONZhuJinanetal(29)…………Abstract　AprocessofAOtechnologycombinedwithHAO1O2processwasinvestigatedandhadbeenappliedinthetreatmentofhighconcentrationoilrefineryandpetrochemicalwastewater.Theprocessesincludedhydrolyticacidificationonbiofilm,aerobicactivatedsludgeprocessandaerobicbiofilmprocess.ThedesignedoverallHRTwas50hr.Whentheinfluentflowwas300m3hwithCODCr=1200mgL,BOD5=500mgL,oil≤20mgLandpH=6～9,theCODCrconcentrationintheeffluentwasnotgreaterthan100mgL,andtheremovalrateofCODCrreached92%.Keywords　HAOprocess,AOprocess,hydrolyticacidification,highconcentrationoilrefinery&petrochemicalwastewaterandapplicationTREATMENTOFDYEINGWASTEWATERBYPROCESSOFANOXIA-AEROBE-PRESSFILTRATION-OXYGENENRICHEDBIOCARBONXiaoLietal(33)………………………………………………Abstract　ThispaperintroducesthereconstructionofdyeingwastewatertreatmentforacertainbleachinganddyeinghouseinShanghaibythepro