超声及碱处理促进剩余污泥水解的试验研究王怡

王　怡,　刘　潘,　彭党聪(西安建筑科技大学环境与市政工程学院,陕西西安710055)　　　:　剩余污泥水解是解决污水处理厂生物脱氮除磷的碳源不足和实现污泥资源化的重要途径。采用3个平行反应器,在35℃、厌氧条件下研究了剩余污泥以及经过超声预处理和碱处理(pH=10±0.1)的剩余污泥的水解过程。结果表明:超声预处理以及碱处理均能促进剩余污泥的水解,它们对污泥的平均比降解速率较原污泥可分别提高39.4%和93.9%,SCOD的平均溶出速率可分别提高92.9%和150.4%。另外,碱处理后水解对剩余污泥的降解比超声预处理的更快、更彻底。根据污泥比降解速率、SCOD溶出速率以及营养物释放速率大小,可认为水解过程分多阶段进行,其中污泥比降解和SCOD溶出速率在第Ⅰ阶段(0～2d)最大,磷释放速率在第Ⅱ阶段(4～6d)最大。透射电镜扫描结果表明:剩余污泥水解的次序为EPS、胞内物质、细胞壁。　　:　剩余污泥;　超声预处理;　碱处理;　水解;　分段速率:X703　　:A　　:1000-4602(2010)15-0028-04　　:(IRT0853)UltrasonicPretreatmentandAlkalineTreatmentforPromotingHydrolysisofExcessActivatedSludgeWANGYi,　LIUPan,　PENGDang-cong(SchoolofEnvironmentalandMunicipalEngineering,Xi'anUniversityofArchitectureandTechnology,Xi'an710055,China)　　Abstract:　Thehydrolysisofexcessactivatedsludgeisanimportantwaytosolvethedeficiencyofcarbonsourceduringremovalofnitrogenandphosphorousandtousemunicipalsludgeasresource.Threebatchreactors(withouttreatment,ultrasonicpretreatment,alkalinetreatmentwithpHof10±0.1)wereadoptedunderanaerobicconditionat35℃inthisexperimenttocomparethecharacteristicsofhydrolysisprocess.Theresultsshowthatbothultrasonicpretreatmentandalkalinetreatmentcanimprovethehydrol-ysisofexcessactivatedsludge,enhancingtheaveragespecificrateofsludgedegradationby39.4%and93.9%respectively,andincreasingtheaveragedissolutionrateofSCODby92.9%and150.4%re-spectivelywhencomparedwithnaturalsample.Theefficiencyofalkalinetreatmentisbetterthanthatofultrasonicpretreatment.Thehydrolysisprocesscanbedividedintoseveralphasesaccordingtothespecif-icrateofdegradation,thedissolutionrateofSCODandthereleasingrateofnutrientsfromthesludge.A-mongthesephases,thespecificrateofdegradationandthedissolutionrateofSCODarehighestatthefirstphase(0to2d),andthephosphorousreleaserateishighestatthesecondphase(4to6d).Photosfromtransmissionelectronmicroscopeshowthatthesequenceofsludgehydrolysisshouldbeextracellularpolymericsubstances(EPS),intracellularsubstancesandcellwall.·28·第26卷　第15期2010年8月　　　　　　　　　　　　中国给水排水CHINAWATERWASTEWATER　　　　　　　　　　　　　Vol.26No.15Aug.2010　　Keywords:　excessactivatedsludge;　ultrasonicpretreatment;　alkalinetreatment;　hydroly-sis;　subsectionrate　　,,。,,。,,50%。VSS/SS59%～63%,。VFA,COD,。,,。,:、、[1],、、[2～7],。,、VSS、COD(SCOD),、,。1　材料与方法1.1　,、《》。1。1　Tab.1　Characteristicsofexcesssludge　SS/(mg·L-1)8178VSS/(mg·L-1)5060pH7.14TCOD/(mg·L-1)7043SCOD/(mg·L-1)91TKN/(mg·L-1)561PO3-4-P/(mg·L-1)5.05TP/(mg·L-1)380NH+4-N/(mg·L-1)14.61.2　1.2.1　20kHz,100mL1cm,1.2W/mL150s。1.2.2　3,。3()、(pH=10±0.1)。、pH,,,;35℃。1.3　,。,NH+4-N:,PO3-4-P:,COD:,VSS、SS:,pH:,:、、、、、、、、、、。2　结果与讨论2.1　VSSSCOD3VSSSCOD1。,VSS,;SCOD,、。·29·王　怡,等:超声及碱处理促进剩余污泥水解的试验研究第26卷　第15期1　VSSSCODFig.1　ChangeofVSSconcentrationandSCODconcentrationinreactorswithtime9d,VSSSCOD,。,3VSSSCOD2、3。2　3VSSTab.2　Specificdegradationrateofsludgeatdifferentphasesd-1　Ⅰ(0～2d)0.0540.0950.115Ⅱ(2～6d)0.0340.0280.047Ⅲ(6～9d)0.0090.0160.0310.0330.0460.0643　3SCODTab.3　CODdissolutionrateatdifferentphasesmg·d-1·L-1　Ⅰ(0～2d)308513.5758Ⅱ(2～7d)170133.4290.4Ⅲ(7～9d)-60.5158.5-2.5139.2268.5348.6　　2、3,VSSⅠ,,2,82.6%。,SCOD,SCOD2.46,SCOD,67.7%。Ⅱ,,72.3%,59.6%;SCOD,SCOD58.5%,SCOD45.9%。Ⅲ,3,,29.0%51.6%。,SCOD,SCOD。SCOD,,39.4%93.9%,SCOD92.9%150.4%。2.2　、,、2。2　、Fig.2　Changeofnitrogenandphosphorusconcentrationinreactorswithtime2,NH+4-NPO3-4-P(4)。Ⅰ,3,;·30·第26卷　第15期　　　　　　　　　　　　　　中国给水排水　　　　　　　　　　　　Ⅱ,,Ⅰ20%。,3Ⅰ,Ⅱ,。、、,(4.06～4.62)、(4.35～5.98)、(3.20～3.64)。4　3NH+4-NPO3-4-PTab.4　Releaserateofammonianitrogenandphosphorusinthreereactorsatdifferentphasesmg·d-1·L-1　NH+4-NⅠ(0～6d)29.0528.6535.87Ⅱ(6～9d)6.137.336.7717.5917.9921.32　PO3-4-PⅠ(0～4d)3.342.433.49Ⅱ(4～6d)13.5514.5012.70Ⅲ(6～9d)2.933.333.976.616.756.722.3　,、。,,,;9d,。、,;,,,;,、,。,EPS、、,。3　结论①　。39.4%93.9%,SCOD92.9%150.4%。SCOD,,Ⅰ。②　3,、。Ⅰ(0～6d),Ⅱ(4～6d)。③　EPS、、,。:[1]　MullerJA.Prospectsandproblemsofsludgepre-treat-mentprocesses[J].WaterSciTechnol,2001,44(10):121-128.[2]　TiehmA,NickelK,ZellhornM,etal.Ultrasonicwasteactivatedsludgedisintegrationforimprovinganaerobicwastestabilization[J].WaterRes,2001,35(8):2003-2009.[3]　TiehmA,NickelK,NeisU.Theuseofultrasoundtoac-celeratetheanaerobicdigestionofsewagesludge[J].WaterSciTechnol,1997,36(11):121-128.[4]　,.[J].,2005,38(7):649-653.[5]　BourgrierC,CarrereH,DelgenesJP.Solubilisationofwaste-activatedsludgebyultrasonictreatment[J].ChemEngJ,2005,106(2):163-169.[6]　MaoT,ShowKY.Performanceofhighratesludgedigest-erfedwithsonicatedsludge[J].WaterSciTechnol,2006,54(9):27-33.[7]　MaoT,ShowKY.Influenceofultrasonicationonanaero-bicbioconversionofsludge[J].WaterEnvironRes,2007,79(4):436-441.:(1971-　),　,　,　,　,　。:15809285181E-mail:[e-mail]:2010-02-23·31·王　怡,等:超声及碱处理促进剩余污泥水解的试验研究第26卷　第15期