沉水植物菹草的人工种子技术

334Vol.33,No.420097ACTAHYDROBIOLOGICASINICAJul.,2009　:2007-12-05;:2009-02-16:(:2005AA60101005):(1983—),,,;;。E-mail:[e-mail]:,E-mail:[e-mail]:10.3724/SP.J.0000.2009.40643安彦杰　张彦辉　杨　劭(,　430079):,(PotamogetoncrispusL.),。,,IBA1.0mg/L+6-BA0.5mg/L80%,20%。15—25℃,;;,,40μmol/m2·s,、67.8%、35.6%;,、60%42.2%,;、28%、15%。:;;;;:Q948.8　　:A　　:1000-3207(2009)04-0643-06　　(Artificialseeds)(、、),[1]。,,、,、、、[2]。,[3]。,[4—9]、[10,11][12,13],。,[14]。,[15],,,。。,,。,。,。,,。(Potamoge-toncrispusL.),,。。1　1.1　　,[16]。4—6mm,。4—6d,。1.2　　3—5mm+MS++IBA1.0mg/L+6-BA0.5mg/L。,CaCl2。20min644　　　　　　　　　　　　33,5,。5—6mm,6—8g。1.3　　:IBA6-BA(:mg/L),AMS+IBA∶6-BA(1.0∶0.5);BMS+IBA∶6-BA(3.0∶0.5);CMS()。,,,121℃20min。1.4　　15℃、20℃、25℃,。1.5　　40μmol/m2·s、10μmol/m2·s、0μmol/m2·s,。1.6　　,A(N∶P=5mg/L∶0.5mg/L),B(N∶P=2mg/L∶0.1mg/L),C(N∶P=1mg/L∶0.03mg/L),。。1.7　　、,3,,16cm。,30,,(20±1)℃,40μmol/m2·s,12h∶12h,,2006—2007,Ⅴ,,,,TP=0.69mg/L,TN=4.3mg/L,Chl.a=78mg/m3,。1.8　　,,,,1.2m、0.6m,,,8,50。,2mm,、、。=/×100%,=/×100%。1.9　　GraphPadPrism4Turkey's。2　　2.1　(1),,(p0.01),A,C;,AB,C(p0.01)。AC;B。,,20%、10%,;BIBA∶6-BA=3.0∶0.5,50%,;AIBA∶6-BA=1.0∶0.5,80%,20%。A(p0.01),C(p0.05),B(p0.05)。,。1　Fig.1　EffectofhormonetypesandconcentrationandwaterconditiononthegerminationofartificialseedsofP.crispus2.2　,15—25℃。(2),15—25℃(p0.05)。4:645　　15℃、20℃25℃47.8%、38.9%41.1%。2　、Fig.2　EffectoftemperatureonthegerminationandconversionofartificialseedsofP.crispus2.3　(3),,40μmol/m2·s(p0.01),10μmol/m2·s(p0.05)。,40μmol/m2·s(p0.01),10μmol/m2·s(p0.05)。40μmol/m2·s、67.8%、35.6%。3　、Fig.3　EffectoflightintensityonthegerminationandconversionofartificialseedsofP.crispus2.4　、(p0.05,4)。2.5　5,、(p0.01);(p0.05),(p0.05)。2.6　0.6m28.3%,15%。1.2m27%,12%。,0.6m1.2m(6)。6　、Fig.6　EffectofwaterdepthonthegerminationandconversionofartificialseedsofP.crispus646　　　　　　　　　　　　333　　3.1　[11,17—20],,。,6-BA、KT、ZT,IBA、NAA。,60%—80%,[11,20]。,,AMS+IBA∶6-BA(1.0∶0.5)80%,20%。A。,50%—70%,30%,,[21]。,90%,10%—20%[22]。,,。。,。3.2　,。,,[23]20℃,15—25℃,,。[24],10℃20℃,。3.3　,。,。:1%,[25]。,,。,,,,,0。,,。[26]。40μmol/m2·s70%,20℃50%,、、,,。3.4　,。,。、,。[24],。3.5　。。。,,,,、、[25]。,,,。3.6　,0.6m1.2m,0.5m。,,,。“”。,TP=0.69mg/L,TN=4.3mg/L,Chl.a=78mg/m3,(OECD)、,[27],,。、4:647　　,、、、、、。28%15%,。:[1]　MurashigeT.Theimpactofplanttissuecultureonagriculture[A].In:TThorpe(Eds.),FrontiersofPlantTissueCulture[C].Theinternationalassociationfortissueculture.Canada:UniversityofCalgaryAlberta.1978,15—26[2]　ZhangM,HuangHR,WeiXY.Advancesinstudyonartificialseedofplant[J].ChineseBulletinofBotany,2000,17(5):407—412[,,..,2000,17(5):407—412][3]　KamadaH.Artificialseed[A].In:TanskaR(Eds.),Practi-calTechnologyonthemassproductionofclonalplants[C].To-kyo:CMCPublisher.1985,48[4]　BapatVA,MhatreMandRaoPS.PropagationofMorusindicaL.(Mulberry)byencapsulatedshootbuds[J].PlantCellRe-port,1987,(6):393—395[5]　SharmaA.RegenerationDendrobiumwardcamumwarner(orchi-daceae)fromsyntheticseeds[J].IndianJournalofExperimen-talBiology,1992,30(8):747—748[6]　RaoPS.Encapsulatedshoottipsofbanana:anewpropagationanddeliverysystem[J].Infomusa,1993,2(2):4—5[7]　TangSH,SunM,LiKP.StudiesonartificialseedofIpomoeaaquaticaForsk[J].ActaHorticulturaeSinica,1994,21(1):71—75[,,..,1994,21(1):71—75][8]　XingXH,ShenYW,GaoMW,etal.StudiesonproductionofartificialseedsofriceHybridbetweenIndicaandJaponica[J].ActaAgronomicaSinica,1995,21(1):45—48[,,,..,1995,21(1):45—48][9]　TangW,OuyangF,GuoZC.Studiesoninvitroregenerationandartificialseedsofpotato[J].Guihaia,1998,18(1):65—69[,,..,1998,18(1):65—69][10]　GuoSX,CaoWCZhangJH,etal.StudiesonpreparationprocessandgerminationofwhiteDendrobium(Dendrobiumcan-didum)artificialseeds[J].ChineseTraditionalandHerbalDrugs,1996,27(2):105—107[,,,..,1996,27(2):105—107][11]　HeYK,ZhuCF,HeMY,etal.MorphogenesisoftuberclesandproductionofartificialseedsinPinelliaternate[J].ActaAgronomicaSinica,1997,23(4):482—488[,,,..,1997,23(4):482—488][12]　NiDX,DengZL,CenYQ,etal.StudyonartificialseedsofadventitiousshootsSalviachinensisandAnthuriumandraeanum[J].JournalofFudanUniversity(NaturalScience),1994,33(5):540—545[,,,..(),1994,33(5):540—545][13]　YangGX,LiYX,CenYQ,etal.Thegerminationandconver-sionofAnthuriumandraeanumartificialseedsfromadventitiousshootsinnonsterilesoil[J].JournalofFudanUniversity(Natu-ralScience),1995,34(4):438—444[,,,..(),1995,34(4):438—444][14]　ChenHD.AnapproachtotherestorationofaquaticvegetationintheXihuLakeofHangzhou,withreferencetothewaterqualityproblem[J].ActaHydrobiologicaSinica,1984,8(2):237—244[..,1984,8(2):237—244][15]　XieP,ChenYY.Enhancebiodiversityresearchandprotectioninfreshwaterecologysystem[J].JournalofCAS,1996,4:276—281[,..,1996,4:276—281][16]　GaoJ,YangS.Tissuecultureandrapidpropagationofsuberm-ergedmorcorphytePotamogetoncrispusL.[J].PlantPhysiolo-gyCommunications,2006,42(2):251—252[,..,2006,42(2):251—252][17]　LiQ,QinLY,DengSX.Cultivationofartificialseedsofstraw-berry[J].JournalofFruitScience,1995,12(supplement):133—135[,,..,1995,12():133—135][18]　GuRS,ChenZH,GuanYL,etal.Conversionofencapsula-tedshoottipsofEucalyptuscamaldulensis[J].ScientiaSilvaeSinicae,1998,34(3):26—31[,,,..,1998,34(3):26—31][19]　XueJP,ZhangAM,Ge