城郊居民农田混合区田间沟渠水质空间变异特征研究陆海燕

23320096JournalofSoilandWaterConservationVol.23No.3Jun.,2009　　＊陆海燕1,2,胡正义1,2,逄玉万1,张瑞杰1,殷小锋1,吴永红1(1.,,210008;2.,100049):46.7hm226,,,。,TN2.3～172.7(40.5±31.7)mg/L,NH3-N0～34.4(7.5±7.7)mg/L,NO-3-N0～7.4(1.1±0.1.0)mg/L,TP0.2～9.5(1.5±1.8)mg/L,H2PO-4-P0.1～5.6(0.9±1.1)mg/L,CODMn1.4～62.3(17.8±10.4)mg/L。,B(++)A(+)C()、D()。A,B,。,Ⅳ、Ⅴ。,,。:;;;;:S157.3　　　:A　　　:1009-2242(2009)03-0016-04SpatialVariabilityofFieldDitchesWaterQualityintheMixedAreaofSuburbanResidentsandFarmlandLUHai-yan1,2,HUZheng-yi1,2,PANGYU-wan1,ZHANGRui-jie1,YINXIAO-feng1,WUYONG-hong1(1.StateKeyLaboratoryofSoilandSustainableAgriculture,InstituteofSoilScience,ChineseAcademyofSciences,Nanjing,Jiangsu210008;2.GraduateUniversityofChineseAcademyofSciences,Beijing100049)Abstract:Waterqualitywasinvestigatedintotal26fieldditchesat46.7hm2farmlandlocatedatthelowerofDaqingheofthenorthernbankofDianchilaketostudyspatialvariabilityofditchwaterquality,andalsotoanalyzepollutionsources.Ditchwatersampleswerecollectedin40m×80～90metersonAug.8～14,2006.ResultshowconcentrationsofTNinwatersampleswere2.3～172.7(40.5±31.7)mg/L,0～34.4(7.5±7.7)mg/LforNH3-N,0～7.4(1.1±0.1.0)mg/LforNO-3-N,0.2～9.5(1.5±1.8)mg/LforTP,0.1～5.6(0.9±1.1)mg/LforH2PO-4-P,and1.4～62.3(17.8±10.4)mg/LforCODMn,respectively.Spatialvariabilityofwaterqualitywasdeterminedindependenceonsub-cell,concentrationsofwaterqualityfollowsdecreaseorderasbellow:B(hoggerysewage+domesticsewage+leekfieldleakage)A(domes-ticsewage+leekfieldleakage)C(flowerfieldleakage),andD(leekfieldleakage),thisreasoncouldbeascribedtodifferencesofpollutionsourcesamongsub-cell.ConcentrationofPinditchesreceiveddomesticsewageand/orhoggerysewagedecreasedwithalongwater-streamdirection,vizfarfrompollutionsources,implyingthatditchescouldpurifyPinwasterwater.ThewaterqualityofoutletinallditchexceededcriticalvaluesofⅣ,Ⅴstandard.Therefore,ditcheswatershouldbepurifiedinordertodecreaseriskofagriculturalnon-pointsourcepollutionintheinvestigatedarea.Keywords:Dianchilake;spatialvariability;farmlandditch;domesticsewage;agriculturaldrainage。,,2171.2t,321.3t;30.26t,4.45t。80.40t,11.60t[1]。、89%96%[2]。、、,Ⅴ[3-4]。,。,、,[5]。1.3,＊:2009-03-04:“863”(2005AA601002);(2006BAJ10B04):(1977-),,,。E-mail:[e-mail]:(1963-),,,。E-mail:[e-mail]0.15mg/g[6]。22.2%～27.5%[7]。,。,、[3]。--46.7hm2,,。1　研究方法1.1　--46.7hm2,。()92.3%,90%()。,2,60t/hm2,,。(N)3000～3600kg/hm2,;、1000kg/hm2(P2O5),540kg/hm2(K2O),。1.2　1000mm,135d,80%5-10。(114),,;(5-10),,,。,,。,,,。1.3　--,40m,80～90m,GPS。,4:A(:、)、B(、、)、C()D()。26。(81-8)(88-14)。,。1.4　《》[8]TN,NH3-N,NO-3-N,TP,H2PO-4-P,CODMn,。2　结果与讨论2.1　TN2.3～172.7(40.5±31.7)mg/L,NH3-N0～34.4(7.5±7.7)mg/L,NO-3-N0～7.4(1.1±0.1.0)mg/L,TP0.2～9.5(1.5±1.8)mg/L,H2PO-4-P0.1～5.6(0.9±1.1)mg/L,CODMn1.4～62.3(17.8±10.4)mg/L(1)。、、,TN,Ⅴ(2.0mg/L)[17]。,,,。1　-(,n=121)mg/LpHTNONNH3-NNO-3-NTPH2PO-4-PCODMn7.6640.5331.917.521.101.530.9117.848.70172.71149.0834.387.389.515.6462.336.952.26LLDLLDLLD0.150.121.410.3031.6529.717.680.971.751.0810.41/%3.9578.1093.10102.1687.61113.81119.4158.34　　:LLD:。,NH3-N,TP,H2PO4--P(1)。NH4+NO3-[9],(1)。,NH3-NTNON。、,。2.2　2.2.1　沟渠水质区域分布　ATN,NH3-N,ON,TP,CODMnC、D,A173　　　　　:,(2)。,,。,。BTN,ON,NH3-N,NO3--N,TP,H2PO4--P,CODMnA。AB,B、,。,NH3-N350～1718.6mg/L[10-11],(TN7.11～55.67mg/L,NH3-N2.44～38.73mg/L)(TN5.0～18.57mg/L,NH3-N1.75～5.67mg/L)[3]。、。、,。C,TN,OND,DC(2)。C()TN、D()163%,231%。,。,(N1584kg/hm2,P2O5787kg/hm2,K2O1580kg/hm2,N396kg/hm2,P2O5156kg/hm2,K2O144kg/hm2)[12]。,。TP,CODMn[3],,,。D,。D()C(),。(D)NH3-N,NO-3-N(C),。,,、。,,。、、,[13]。。(D)NH3-N,NO-3-N。,NH3-N,TP,CODMn[3]。,,。,。TN,ON,NH3-N,NO-3-N,TP,H2PO-4-P,CODMn:BAC,D(2)。。/,、、CODM。,。。。。,,。2　mg/LTNONNH3-NNO-3-NTPH2PO-4-PCODMnB3170.04±3.06c146.92±2.44c20.97±2.08c2.16±0.16c3.38±0.49b2.75±0.78c57.99±4.04bA6749.27±24.58b38.77±25.78b9.77±8.42b0.73±0.6b2.29±1.95b1.32±1.2b18.06±7.61aC1230.48±7.23a28.54±7.14b0.98±1.01a0.97±0.23b0.43±0.23a0.21±0.05a13.60±4.90aD3918.65±10.83a12.32±9.65a4.63±4.17a1.7±1.27a0.44±0.28a0.27±0.16a15.69±9.79a3　mg/L/mABCD051.68166.7123.8822.874043.84172.7130.8120.948044.89170.7130.0320.1012043.2137.1817.8216061.4415.2420073.7612.174　mg/L/mABCD039.50144.2722.5114.604032.69147.3929.1315.018034.02149.0827.1413.1712036.9835.3610.9516048.7710.3220063.298.032.2.2　沟渠水质沿水流方向变化规律　3-9,4,,TP,H2PO-4-P。ATP,H2PO-4-P62.4%,42.0%;B23.6%,35.5%;C46.9%,6.9%;D33.6%,55.9%。。,。,[14]。,,,。,,[7]。,,18　　　　　235　mg/L/mABCD011.4220.300.396.514010.3123.300.814.258010.1819.302.054.541205.530.655.2516012.013.802009.922.556　mg/L/mABCD00.772.130.991.76400.852.010.871.68800.692.320.842.391200.701.171.621600.661.122000.551.587　mg/L/mABCD03.763.930.380.47402.323.210.410.56802.103.000.370.431201.410.560.381601.310.412001.410.318　H2PO-4-Pmg/L/mABCD02.003.650.220.31401.372.240.220.32800.942.350.200.261201.020.200.311601.110.242001.160.149　CODMnmg/L/mABCD021.5554.3314.5517.984018.8962.3311.8917.628015.8157.3210.7210.9612017.2217.2613.9716017.3816.0920014.4618.88。,40%,[15],。,,A、BTP,H2PO-4-PⅡ、CTPⅤ,DTPⅥ[17-18]。,-,,。,,,。。4,,D()TN,ON,NH3-N,NO-3-N,46.8%,45.0%,60.8%,10.3%(3-9),,。A,B,C,,TN,ON,NH3-N,NO-3-N,AON(3-9),,,,,。,48%[15],D()。A,B,C、/,,。,,,。,30%～40%[1]。3000～3600kg/hm(N)[16]。