城市生活垃圾堆肥试验装置的设计

710Vol.7,No.10200610TechniquesandEquipmentforEnvironmentalPollutionControlOct.20061,21313(11,712100;21,066004;31,710043),1m,0.5m,0.6m,0.48m;,116s0.055m3/min,300Pa,,5min35min,,,,X705A100829241(2006)1020109204DesignofacompostingreactorformunicipalsolidwastecompostingZengXianlai1,2ZhangZengqiang1ZhangYongtao1ZhangXiaoqi3(1.CollegeofScience,NorthwestA&FUniversity,Yangling712100;2.DepartmentofEnvironmentalEngineering,EnvironmentalManagementCollegeofChina,Qinhuangdao066004;3.InstituteofMicrobiologyofShanxi,Xian710043)AbstractThecompostingreactorisanecessarywaybywhichaseriesofchangesofphysicalandchemicalparametersofmunicipalsolidwaste(MSW)wereobservedandtheoptimizedparameterswereobtained.Accord2ingtothepreconditionsofmaintainingsuitabletemperatureforMSWdegradationandtheinvestigationandre2search,thereasonablesize,leachatecollectingandrecyclingsystem,distributingairsystemofalabortaryscaleaerobicfermentequipmentweredesigned.Thesizeoftheequipmentwas:1m0.5m0.6m,buttheactualheightofcompostedmaterialsis0.48m.AccordingtothephysicalandchemicalcharacteristicsofMSWmateri2al,thispapershowedthatthetimeoftheleachaterecycleis116s,theamountofthewindforair2bloweris0.055m3/min,andthewindpressureis300Pa.Meanwhile,theair2bloweriscontrolledautomaticallytomakeit2self5minonand35minoff.Finally,thereactoristestifiedbytheexperimentofcompostingMSWtosatisfytheneedofthefirstfermentation.Theequipmenthasthecharacteristicsofauto2controllingsystem,evenlydistribu2tingwaterandair,keepingstabletemperature,quicklydeterminingthetemperatureinthecompostingprocess,lowlyconsumingpower,easilytreatingodorsfromthecompostingreactor.Keywordsmunicipalsolidwaste(MSW);compostingreactor;leachaterecycle:(2003K022G13);(2003JA13):2005-09-30;:2006-06-01:(1980),,,3,E2mail:[e-mail],,,(municipalsolidwaste,MSW),,,[14];[510][11],,,7,,,[12],,,11.1,,[1315]MSW[16],,,,:QinQout.W+Qout.E+Qout.S+Qout.G(1):Qin();Qout.W;Qout.E;Qout.S;Qout.G1Fig.1Frontelevationandsideelevationofcompostingdevice[5]:60%,25%,55%,40%,60,20,011m3/m3,211kJ/kg:S/M001027(2):S(m2);M0(kg)(2),,(),,1,1m,015m,016m,0148m,S=218m20165kg/L,V=013m3,195kg,,,80%,M=19580%=156kg,(2),112112112,A2(:cm)Fig.2Ichnographyofwaterdistributionsystem0125cm,B012cm215cm,,,1.2.2:,45%,015kg/L55%,:M0=M1+M2+V(3)M0W0=M1W1+M2W2+V(4)t=V/q(5):V(L);01110:M0;W0,55%;M1,80kg;W1,45%;M2,1/6,20kg;W2,30%;,1kg/L;t(min);q15L/min(3)(4),M012819kg((2)),V2819LV(5),t116s,116s,,,,,,,,(1)1.3113.1100W,300Pa,01055m3/min,[17,18],5min,35min11312PVC,3cm,1cm,PVCPVC11%,,,22.1,(PVC):,10mm,1145g/cm3,50N/mm2,90N/mm2212(1),,,2.3[19],,,T=13t+164i=1ti(6):T();tti()1,5,T3311MSW,,80kg20kg,0.25kgC/N(2535)1,38cm,VS60%70%45%50%,1d2819L(,2L,2819L);2d112L,;4d115L,;,MSW3.23.2.13,2027,[20]1d4d,4d61,5d10d,(),(GB7959287)3.2.2NH+42NNO-32N[21],:11173Fig.3TemperaturechangeincompostingprocessNH+42N/NO32N0116,[22]NH+42N/NO32N,NH+42N/NO32N=010290116,,MSW12d,4,,:1m,015m,016m,10mmPVC,,,,,[1],1.,1999,19(6):490492[2]BreitungJ.,Bruns2NagelD.,SteinbachK.,etal.Biore2mediationof2,4,62trinitrotoluene2contaminatedsoilsbytwodifferentaeratedcompostsystems.AppliedMicrobiolo2gyandBiotechnology,1996,44(6):795800[3]DorotheaC.S.,JeffreyC.H.Changesinmaturityindica2torsduringthedegradationoforganicwastessubjectedtosimplecompostingprocedures.BiologyandFertilityofSoils,2004,39(4):280286[4]MasafumiT.,LeDucT.,NguyenVietH.,etal.Com2prehensivetemperaturemonitoringinanin2vesselforced2aerationstatic2bedcompostingprocess.JournalofMaterialCyclesandWasteManagement,2002,4(1):6269[5],,,..,2003,4(9):8588[6],,..,2001,17(1):1922[7],,..,2002,3(2):7175[8],,,..(),2002,19(2):812[9]StewartD.P.C.,CameronK.C.,CornforthI.S.,etal.Releaseofsulphate,potassium,calciumandmagnesi2umfromspentmushroomcompostunderlaboratorycondi2tions.BiologyandFertilityofSoils,1998,(26):146151[10],,,..,2004,22(2):6669[11]SikoraL.J.,RamirezM.A.,TroeschelT.A.La2broatorycomposterforsimulationstudies.J.Environ.Qual.,1983,12(2):219224[12],,,..,2004,17(1):7780[13]FinsteinM.S.,MorrisM.L.Microbiologyofmunicipal2itysolidwastecomposting.AdvancesinAppliedMicrobi2ology,1975,19:113151[14]AtlasR.M.,BarthaR.MicrobialEcology:Fundamen2talsandApplications.Massachusetts:AddisonWesleyPublishingReading,1981[15],,,..,2002,22(5):737741[16]FerreroG.L.Thethermieprogrammeandcompostingpro2jectsintheenergyfrombiomassandwastesector.In:deBertoldiM.TheScienceofComposting.London(UK),BlackieAcademic&Professional,1996.1523[17],..:,2000.125131[18]..:,1990.132140[19],,,..,2002,22(6):916921[20],,..,1999,20(6):6366[21]RiffaldiR.,Levi2MinziR.P.,BertoldiM.,etal.Evalu2ationofcompostmaturitybymeansofchemicalandmicro2bialanalyses.WasteManagement&Research,1986,4(1):8796[22]Sanchez2MonederoM.A.,RoiaA.,ParedesC.,etal.NitrogentransformationduringorganicwastecompostingbytherutgerssystemanditseffectsonpH,ECandmatu2rityofthecompostingmixtures.BioresourceTechnology,2001,78(3):301308211