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刘海春1,2,沈东升1,龙焰1(, 310029;2., 810016) :、。:;;;;;:X703;X216.4 :A :1000-1166(2004)04-0006-05NewDevelopmentofTechnicalResearchofBiologicalDenitrificationinLeachateTreatmentofMunicipalSolidWasteLandfill/LIUHai-chun1,2,SHENDong-sheng1,LONGYan1/(1.DepartmentofEnvironmentandResourse,ZhejiangUniversity,Hangzhou310029,China;2.DepartmentofBiologyScieuce,QinghaiUniversity,Xining810016,China)Abstract:Theprogressesofbiologicalnitrogenremoval,includingtheinvestigationsonshortcutnitrification-denitrification,simultane-ousnitrification-denitrificationaswellasanaerobicammoniumoxidation,arereviewedanddiscussedinthispaper.Keywords:landfill;leachate;biologicalnitrogenremoval;shortcutnitrificationdenitrification;simultaneousnitrificationdenitrifica-tion;anaerobicammoniumoxidation:2004-04-20:(1967-),,,,.。 :、。,75%,88%[1～2],90%。,,[3],、,,,,。、,、。,,,,、,[4～10]。1 ,,,,,,[11]。,,,,。[12],。。,,,,,,,。,,CODDO[13]。,[35]:1.,,;2.,6ChinaBiogas2004,22(4),HRT,,;3.,,;4.,NH3-NNO2-;5.,,。2 ,。[13～23]:,;,,(Thiosphaerapantotropha),NH4+NO2-。:(shortcutnitri-fication-denitrification)、(simultaneousnitrification-denitrification,SND)(Anaero-bicAmmoniumOxidation,ANAMMOX)。2.1 短程硝化反硝化。NO3-,NO3-;NO2-,NO2-[24～25]。,。HNO2,,HNO2,。1975,Voets[26]NO2-,NO2-,。NH4+NO2-,NO2-,。,NO2-NO2-。NO2-、pH、(FA)、(DO)、(FH)、,[27～33]。,,[34,28,31]:1.25%,;2.40%,;3.,30%～40%;4.(NO2-NO3-63%);5.(33%～35%,55%);6.。,COD/NH4+(),。,,。,,,—。2.2 同时硝化反硝化,,,,。,[13～23],。、,(SND)。SND。SND,,,,SND,:1.;2.;3.(、、COD,:、、COD)。。,,,()、()。7ChinaBiogas2004,22(4)(、)、,、,[36,23,33]:(μm),,,,,,,,,SND。,、,。,NH4+,。2.3 厌氧氨氧化(ANMMOX),NH4+,NO3-NO2-,NH4+,NO3-NO2-N2[21,37,38]。1977,Broda[39](denitrifyingammoniaoxidizers)。1994,Kuenen[13]NO2-NO3-NH4+N2;1995,MulderVandegraaf[21],,Broda。[40～45]、、ANAM-MOX。[35,38]。[46],,:1.CO2,ANAMMOX;2.ANAMMOXNH4+,;3.ANAMMOXH+,,pH;4.。,ANAMMOXOLAND。,。:1.,,;2.1molNH4+2mol,,1molNH4+0.75mol,62.5%(),,;3.1molNH4+2molH+,1molNO3-1molOH-,,,。,,[47]:1.,,,;2.,,;3.,;4.,,;5.。,。,。:[1] GeorgeTchobanoglous,HillaryTheisen,SamuelVigil.IntegratedSolidWasteManagement:EngineeringPrinciplesandManagementIssues[M].NY:McGrawHll,1993.[2] RogerTH.ThePracticalHandbookofCompostingEngineering[M].USA:LewisPublishers,1993.[3] ,.[J].,1996,18(4):41-43.[4] KorenDW,GouldWD.Biologicalremovalofammoniaandnitratefromsimulatedmineandmilleffluents[J].Hydrometal-lurgy,2000.56:127-144.[5] BemeyN,DelgenesN.Combinedanaerobic-aerobicSBRforthetreatmentofpiggerywastewater[J].WatRes,2000,34(2):611-619.[6] ChamgGwoJih,JuShengHuang,KwoChiangHsieh.Performanceevaluationofsing-sludgereactorsystemhigh-8ChinaBiogas2004,22(4)strengthnitrogenwastewater[J].JournalofHazardousMateri-als,2001,85:213-227.[7] ElisabethVMnch.Simultaneousnitrificationanddenitrifica-tioninbench-scalesequencingbatchreactors[J].WatRes,1996,30(2):277-284.[8] KararynaKujawa,BramKlapwijk.AmethodtoestimatedenitrificationpotentialforprodenitrificationsystemsusingNURBatchtest[J].WatRes.1999,33(10):2291-2300.[9] KristGemaey,AlexisVanderhasselt.Sensorstomonitorbio-logicalnitrogenremovalandactivatedsludgesettling[J].JournalofMicrobiologicalMethods,1998,32:193-204.[10] GalluzzoM,DucatoR.ExpertcontrolofDOintheaerobicreactorofanactivatedsludgeprocess[J].ComputersandChemicalEngineering,2001,25:619-625.[11] ZehnderAJB.BiologyofAnaerobicMicroorganisms[M].NewYork:Johnwiley&Sons.1998,179-244.[12] ,,.[J].,1999,Suppl.:124-129.[13] KuenenJG,etal.Ecologyofnitrificationanddenitrifica-tion.In:Thenitrogenandsulphurcycles[M].Cambridge:CambridgeUniversityPress,1987:161-218.[14] RobertsonLA,etal.Nitrogenremovalfromwaterandwaste.In:Microbialcontrolofpollution[M].Cambridge:CambridgeUniversityPress,1992:227-267.[15] KuenenJ.G.,RobertsonL.A..Combinednitrification-denitrificationprocess[J].EMSMicrobiolRev,1994,15(2):109-117.[16] KuaiL,VerstraeteW.Autotrophicdenitrificationwithele-men-talsulphurinsmall-scalewastewatertreatmentfacili2ties[J].EnvironTech,1999,20:201-209.[17] KshirsagarM,GuptaAB,GuptaSK.Aerobicdenitrifica-tionstudiesonactivatedsludgemixedwithThiosphaerapan-totropha[J].Environ.Tech.1995,16:35-43.[18] MunchEV,etal.Simultaneousnitrificationanddenitrifica-tioninbench-scalesequencingbatchreactors[J].WaterRes,1996,30:277-284.[19] RobertsonLA,VanNielEWJ,TorremansRAM,Kue-nenJG.Simultaneousnitrificationanddenitrifica2tioninaerobicchemostatculturesofThiosphaerapantotropha[J].ApplEnvirMicrobiol,1988,54(11):2812-2818.[20] VandegraafLA,MulderAAA,etal.AnaerobicOxidationofammoniumisabiologicallymediatedprocess[J].ApplEnvirMicrobiol,1995,64(4):1246-1251.[21] MulderAAA,VandegraafLA,etal..Anaerobicammo-niumoxidationdiscoveredinadenitrificationfluidizedbede-actor[J].FEMSMicrobiolEcol,1995,16:177-183.[22] BernetN,BizeauC,MolettaR,etal.Studyofphysicoch-emicalfactorscontrollingnitritebuild-upduringheterotrophicdenitrification[J].EnvironTech,1995,16:165-179.[23] ,,,.[J].,2000,26(4):17-20.[24] .[A].[C],:,2000:452-455.[25] .[J].,1998,26(3):124-126.[26] VoetsJP,etal.Removalofnitrogenfromhighlynitrogen-ouswastewater[J].JWPCF,1975,47:394-398.[27] AnthonisenAC,LoehrRC,PrakasamTBS,SrinathEG.Inhibitionofnitrificationbyammoniaandnitrousacid[J].JW