城市生活垃圾厌氧消化中氮的转化行为研究吕波

2010,Vol.27No.9　Chemistry&Bioengineering77　　　:2010-06-01:吕波(1974-),男,重庆永川人,高级工程师,研究方向:给水排水。E-mail:[e-mail]。　,(重庆市市政设计研究院,重庆400020)　　　:通过间歇实验,研究了35℃下生活垃圾中温厌氧消化过程中氮(N)的转化行为及其机理。结果表明,在厌氧消化中:(1)氮以有机氮(蛋白质、核酸、氨基酸等)和无机氮(NH3-N、NH+4-N、NO-3-N、NO-2-N、N2)的形式存在,且随着消化过程的进行,各种形式的氮含量会发生相应的变化;(2)存在着氮的硝化与反硝化反应及相关的硝化菌群和反硝化菌群;(3)氮的行为方式对厌氧消化过程会产生极大的影响,主要表现在对pH值、氧化还原电位及产甲烷菌的影响上;(4)可能存在着氮循环并形成氮的三阶段(好氧、氨化、耗氨)理论。:城市生活垃圾;中温厌氧消化;氮转化:X705　　　　　:A　　　　　:1672-5425(2010)09-0077-05　　,(Municipalsolidwaste,MSW)“、、”,[1]。,、。,,O2(N2,O2[2～4],),,。O2,。,C/N、pH[4]。,pH、;,,(N),。,,。1　1.1　(2008-10-10),。。800g、200g,1。1　Tab.1　Theexistentformandcontentofnitrogeninthemixedzymoticmaterial%%(TS=100)%mg·kg-1mg·kg-1N2()/%1.267.528.9222012.879.21.2　2000mL[5],(35±1℃),1。,,3200mL。5%NaCl。1　Fig.1　SchematicdiagramofintermittentanaerobicdigestionprocessfortreatingMSW　:/2010978　　　1.3　(1)N2:GC7890(TCD);(2)(TN):[4];(3):,CJ/T51-2004;(4):CJ/T51-2004;(5):GB13648-92;(6)pH:pHB-5pH。2　2.1　(2)2　Fig.2　ThetotalnitrogencontentvariationduringtheanaerobicdigestionofMSW2,,,。:(1),(NH3-N),,NH3-N(pH,NH3-N);(2)NO-3-NN2;(3)(KN),,TN;(4)。,NH3-N、N2。,,(,,94.24%)。[6]。2,17.46%(40%～60%,70%)。:(1),NH3;(2),NH3-N,(、、)。,,。,[7]:=6.25KN×100%(KN)(TN)。,。2.2　(3)3　Fig.3　TheaminoacidnitrogencontentvariationduringtheanaerobicdigestionofMSW3,,(8.92%13.75%,TS=100%;54.15%),,。:(1);(2);(3),,;(4)。,++。2.3　(4)4,(220mg·kg-1642mg·kg-1,191.82%),,。:(1)　:/2010979　　　4　Fig.4　TheNH3-NcontentvariationduringtheanaerobicdigestionofMSW;(2)O2(,1.97mg);(3)NH3-N;(4),,;(5);(6)NH3-N()。,++++,,[8]。,。,。2.4　(5)5　NO-3-NFig.5　TheNO-3-NcontentvariationduringtheanaerobicdigestionofMSW5,,,。:(1)O2(O2,,O25.88mL,O23%,1.97mg);(2),,;(3);(4)。,++,,。2.5　N2(6)6　N2Fig.6　TheN2contentvariationduringtheanaerobicdigestionofMSW6,N2(10d)0.8%,,。:(1),N2N2。,N2,N2;(2)15d,,,,,N2[9]([10])N2N2N2,。N2,,N2。2.6　2.6.1　pHpH,7。7,pH,。pH6.8～7.4[11]。NH3(,　:/2010980　　　7　pHFig.7　ThepHvaluevariationduringtheanaerobicdigestionofMSW)[12],[8,13]。,(、),(、、)。pH,pH:NH3+H2O+CO2※NH+4+HCO-3。(),,pH;(),,pH。2.6.2　(ORP)。[14],ORP。()ORP,()ORP。,ORPpH,pH,pH1,ORP0.06mV[15]。2.6.3　,,pH[16]。,。,,CH4[17]。NH3-NNH+4-N,NH3-N,、,。NH3-N1500～3000mg·L-1(pH7.4～7.6),;NH3-N3000mg·L-1(pH7.6),[4]。2.7　,:(、)、(NH3-N、NH+4-N、NO-3-NN2)。,8,、、、[18]。8　Fig.8　ThenitrogencycleduringtheanaerobicdigestionofMSW2.8　,(、),,,,,。,,,,NH3[12];,,;,Lie-big(1840)———,。,,。(1):,,,CO2、NO-3、SO2-4、H2O。(2):,(),NH3-N。(3):,NH3-N;,NH3-N　:/2010981　　　N2;,NH3-N。3　(1),:(、)、(NH3-N、NH+4-N、NO-3-N、NO-2-NN2)。,,,。(2),。(3),,pH、。(4),(、、)。:[1]　,,,.[J].,2008,31(1):72-76.[2]　HasegawaS,ShiotaN,KatsuraK.Solubilizationoforganicsludgebythermophilic-aerobicbactericasapretreatmentforanaerobicdigestion[J].WatSciTechnol,2000,41(3):163-169.[3]　PagillaKR,KimH,CheunbarnT.Aerobicthermophilicandanae-robicmesophilictreatmentofswinewaste[J].WatRes,2000,34(10):2747-2753.[4]　.[D].:,2007.[5]　,,.[J].(),2009,48(1):87-92.[6]　,,,.[J].,2004,(5):44-45.[7]　Kouzeli-KatsiriA,BosdogianniA,ChristoulasD.Predictionofle-achablequalityfromsanitarylandfills[J].JournalofEnvironEng,1999,125(10):950-958.[8]　,,.[J].,2006,38(5):818-821.[9]　,,.[M].:,2003.[10]　.[M].:,2006.[11]　,,.[J].,2005,14(3):321-324.[12]　.[J].(),1999,27(9):81-84.[13]　·R·E,,,.[M].:,2001:198-202.[14]　.[J].,1996,14(1):10-11.[15]　.[M].:,1992.[16]　KosterIW,KoomenE.Ammoniainhibitionofthemaximumgrowthrate(μm)ofhydrogenotrophicmethanogensatvariouspH-levelsandtemperatures[J].AppliedMicrobiolBiotechnol,1988,28(4-5):500-505.[17]　KimM,AhnYH,SpeeceRE.Comparativeprocessstabilityandefficiencyofanaerobicdigestion;mesophilicvs.thermophilic[J].WaterRes,2002,36(17):4369-4385.[18]　.[M].:,2004:153-159.StudyonNitrogenTransitionBehaviorDuringAnaerobicDigestionofMunicipalSolidWasteLBo,PUGui-bing(ChongqingMunicipalEngineeringDesignandResearchInstitute,Chongqing400020,China)Abstract:Theanaerobicdigestionprocessofmunicipalsolidwaste(MSW)isdevelopingquicklylastfewyears.ThispaperstudiestheNtransitionbehaviorandmechanismintheprocessofMSWanaerobicdigestionunder35℃byintermittentexperiments.Theexperimentalresultsofanaerobicdigestionindicate:(1)Nitrogenconsistsoforganicnitrogen(protein,nucleicacid,aminoacidetc.)andinorganicnitrogen(NH3-N、NH+4-N、NO-3-N、N2),whilethenitrogencontentsintheprocessofanaerobicdigestionarevariationalaccordingly;(2)therearenitration/denitrificationactionsandtheirbacteriaaccordinglyintheprocess;(3)theNbehaviorman-nercaneffecttheprocessgreatly,especiallythepHvalue,oxidation/reductionpotentialandmethanogens;(4)thenitrogenrecyclemaybeexistentandatheoryofthreephasesofnitrogen,includingaerobicphase,ammonia-tionphaseandammonia-consumptionphase,isproposed.Keywords:municipalsolidwaste(MSW);mesophilicanaerobicdigestion;nitrogentransition