城市湿地生态系统服务功能及其价值评估以开封市湿地为例

以开封市湿地为例任曼丽(,455000)在大量详实的基础数据和实地调查的基础之上,综合运用生态学经济学方法,建立开封市湿地生态系统服务功能及价值评价的框架和方法将湿地生态系统服务功能分为具有直接使用价值的生产产品功能和具有间接使用价值的生命支持系统功能和非利用价值进行评估湿地;生态系统;服务功能;开封市S181A0517-6611(2008)16-06935-04EvaluationontheServingFunctionsandValueofUrbanWetlandEcosystemRENManli(SchoolofResourceEnvironmentandTourism,AnyangTeachersCollege,Anyang,Henan455000)AbstractBasedonalargeamountofdetailedbasicdataandfieldinvestigations,theecologicalandeconomicsmethodswerecomprehensivelyappliedtoestablishtheframeworkandmethodofevaluatingtheservingfunctionsandvalueofwetlandecosysteminKaifengcity.Intheevaluation,theservingfunctionsofwetlandecosystemweredividedtotheproductionfunctionwithdirectusevalue,lifesupportsystemfunctionwithindirectusevalueandnonusevalue.KeywordsWetland;Ecosystem;Servingfunction;Kaifengcity任曼丽(1968-),女,湖北襄樊人,讲师,主要从事区域经济与环境生态研究20080421!,,,,6m[1],,,,,[2],,,2060~70,833.4hm2[3];,208011.10%8.40%,2.7,,201/4[4];,58%[5],,,,,11.1[6],,,[7]1974HoldrenEhrlich[8],[9-16]2090,,,[17],,[18-21],,,,,1.2RobertCostanza,,[22-23]:∀#,,,∃,%&22.1,,JournalofAnhuiAgri.Sci.2008,36(16):6935-6938,6942郑丹丹张敏,,69~78m,,,,14.24~14.50∋,213~215d,660mm2002Landsat7ETM(:124/36,:30m(30m),()3779.93919.53552.29951.916230.08hm22.2;[24-25];;2.3,,(1),;,;,,,,1Fig.1ConstitutionmapofwetlandecosystemservicefunctioninKaifengCity2.42.4.1:Vp=)SiYiPi(1):Vp,Sii,Yii,Pii320023682;7390kg/hm2,2.00/kg;2980kg/hm2,1.80/kg2.4.2,80%[26],,:Vs=V+V+V=QP+QP+QP(2):Vs,VVV,Q,P20020.750.030.95/m32.4.3,[27]:Vt=V+V+V(3):Vt;V,();V,,,30~40/d,35/d;V,,(3)(,150),1d,,2.4.4,,,,,,,:Va=P)SiHi(4):Va;Si;Hi,;P,0.67/m3[28]2.4.5,,,,:Vc=(C+P)(V(5):Vc,C,P(),V,,550/m3[29],,0.25/m3[30]20027650m3,80.5%,2920m3,922.35m32.4.6CO2O2,1.00g1.63gCO2,1.20gO2,CO275045.68t/,203194.28t/,54578.68t/260.90/tC(1990)[31]IPCC6936安徽农业科学2008(14.25/tC)189.37/tC[32]CO2,352.93/tO20.40/kgO2376.47/(tO2)[31]O2,CH4,,,CH4CH4[33],7.6TG,3074hm2,2.5(10-7TG/hm2,CH40.11/kg(0.91/kg)[34]2.4.7,,,Constanza,304/hm2,2514.1/hm2,4000hm2,80%,2.4.8,200268.1,,382/hm2Constanza861/hm23897.18/hm2[7],(,,)2.4.9(CVM),(WTP)[35],74%,65157.49,65WTP,74%200278.75,5188.7533.1,41555.33,48.05%39.46%12.49%(2)1,,41.12%;,31.98%;0.90%,,1,,,64.47%2Fig.2ValuedistributionofwetlandinKaifengCity1Table1EvaluationresultsofdirectandindirectvaluesofwetlandinKaifengCityFunctiontypeAmountofsubstanceAveragepriceValuequantity()Fisheryproduction3682.00()Riceproduction4604.03(t)2.00(/kg)9208.06()Lotusproduction2836691.80(kg)1.80(/kg)510.60Domesticwater3041.00(m3)0.75(/m3)2550.75Industrialwater3792.00(m3)0.95(/m3)3602.40Agriculturalwater7775.00(m3)0.03(/m3)233.25Leisureandentertainmentvalue188.00Waterresourceregulatingvalue8206.27(m3)0.67(m3)5498.20Environmentalpurificationvalue922.35(m3)550.25(/m3)5075.23(CO2)Airingredientscontrollingvalue(fixCO2)7.50(t)189.37(/t)1421.14(O2)Airingredientscontrollingvalue(fixO2)5.46(t)376.47(/t)2054.72(CH4)Airingredientscontrollingvalue(releaseCH4)0.14(t)0.91(/kg)1324.50Wildlifehabitatpvovisionvalue1257.05Cultureservicevalue6203.66(hm2)3897.18(/hm2)2417.683.2,[36-45]2,693736卷16期任曼丽城市湿地生态系统服务功能及其价值评估,,,,(3),,2Table2ComparisonofannualecologicalvalueperunitareaofdifferentwetlandsNameValue/hm2Indirectvalue∗%NameValue/hm2Indirectvalue∗%Baoanlake5.7193.23Wuliangsumei2.4393.67PoyangLake34.8299.82Yangtzeestuary1.8655.35Zhalongnaturereserve5.1085.40Thewholecontry0.54Panjin1.9787.88Surfacewater56.54Baiyangdianreservoir1.9651.70Kaifengcity2.9239.46Dongtinglake3.0860.80:ABCDEFNote:A,B,C,D,EandFstandforforestofGonggashanmountain,mountainforestofBeijing,tropicalforestofHainan,typicalgrasslandofInnerMongolia,farmlandofBeijingdistrictandcitywetland.3Fig.3Comparisonofannualservicefunctionperunitareaofdifferentecosystems4,,,,,,,,[1]ALLANCROWE.Millenniumwetlandeventprogramwithabstracts[C].QuebeeCanadaElizabethMackay,2000:1-256.[2]潮洛蒙,李小凌,俞孔坚.城市湿地的生态功能[J].城市问题,2003(3):9-12.[3]潮洛蒙,俞孔坚.城市湿地的合理开发与利用对策[J].规划师,2003(7):32-35.[4]汪松年,阮仁良.上海市淡水湿地的过去现在与未来[EB/OL](20071027)[20080401][5]REINELTLR,HORNER,AZOUSA.Impactsofurbanizationonpalustrinewetlands-researchandmanagementinthepugetregion[J].UrbanEcosystems,1998(2):219-236.[6]DAILYGC.Naturesservices:Societaldependenceonnatural+Ecosystems,[C].WashingtonDC:IslandPress,1997.[7]辛琨,肖笃宁.生态系统服务功能研究简述[J].中国人口−资源与环境,2000,10(3):20-22.[8]HOLDERJ,EHRLICHPR.Humanpopulationandglobalenvironment[J].AmericanScientist,1974,62:282-297.[9]NORBERGJ.Linkingnaturesservicestoecosystems:somegeneralecologicalconcepts[J].EcologicalEconomics,1999,29(2):183-202.[10]SERAFYS.Pricingtheinvaluable:Thevalueoftheworld,secosystemservicesandnaturalcapital[J].EcologicalEconomics,1998,25(1):25-27.[11]OPSCHOORJB.Thevalueofecosystemservices:whosevalues[J].EcologicalEconomics,1998,25(1):41-43.[12]ROBERTCCOSTANZA.Thevalueoftheworld.secosystemservicesandnaturalcapital[J].Nature,1997,387(15):253-260.[13]RONNBACKP.Theecologicalbasisforeconomicvalueofseafoodproductionsupportedbymangroveecosystems[J].EcologicalEconomics,1999,29(2):235-252.[14]BJORKLUNDJ,LIMBURGKE,RYDBERGT.Impactofproductionintensityontheabilityoftheagriculturallandscapetogenerateecos