城市污水厂污泥高温好氧堆肥氮素转变行为研究袁守军

袁守军1　牟艳艳1　郑　正1　严晓明2　朱宛华3　郭照冰1(1.,210093;2.,210042;3.,230009)　　,。,NH+4-N。,40℃,;,NH+4-N,。,。、。　　　　　Studyonnitrogentransitionbehaviorinhigh-temperatureaerobiccompostingofsewagesludgeYuanShoujun1　MuYanyan1　ZhengZheng1　YanXiaoming2　ZhuWanhua3　GuoZhaobing1(1.StateKeyLaboratoryofPollutionControlandResourceReuse,DepartmentofEnvironmentalEngineering,NanjingUniversity,Nanjing210093;2.NanjingSuojincunWastewaterTreatmentPlant,Nanjing210042;3.SchoolofResourcesandEnvironmentalEngineering,HefeiUniversityofTechnology,Hefei230009)Abstract　Studiesonnitrogentransitionbehaviorofhigh-temperatureaerobiccompostingofsewagesludgewerereportedinthispaper.TheresultsshowedthattemperatureandNH+4-Ncontentweretwopa-rameters,whichsignificantlyaffectednitrification.Nitrificationwasrestrainedatanaveragetemperaturebe-yond40℃duringprimaryfermentation.Attheendofsecondaryfermentation,nitrificationwassloweddownwiththereductionofNH+4-Ncontent.Theamountsofnitrogenlossweredifferentunderdifferentconditionsorbyusingdifferentconditioners.Byaddingmaturecompostasaconditionertosludge,wecouldgetlessni-trogenloss.Nitrogenlossreductioncouldalsobeachievedtosomeextentbyreducingtemperatureandcontentofvolitilematteroraddingmorewatertorawmaterial.Keywords　high-temperatureaerobiccomposting;nitrogentransition;nitrogenloss;primaryfermenta-tion;secondaryfermentation:2003-09-01;:2003-11-17:(1976～),,,:。E-mail:[e-mail]1　　,。,。,,,,(H2SNH3)[1]。。,。,,,,,70%[2～4]。(GB8172-87),TN0.5%,,。,,,。510Vol.5,No.10200410TechniquesandEquipmentforEnvironmentalPollutionControlOct.2004,,,,。2　2.1　。(),145L。,,,0.1m3/min·m3。,,。(),。1　Fig.1　Theexperimentaldeviceofprimaryferment2.2　。、,,。1。,,23。(8～9),17～27℃。50d,20d。,30d,。2.3　[5]3～5d、(VM)、pH。。1　Table1　Characteristicsoffilteredsludgeandconditioners(%)79.1713.217.0313.88(VM)(%)38.6795.295.0931.88pH6.08——6.65(TN)(%)3.30——1.63(NO-3-N)(%)——0.104(NH+4-N)(%)0.098——0.016(Org.-N)(%)3.20——1.50(kg/m3)—200650—　　:2　Table2　Initialparametersandratiosofmaterialsindifferentreactors(%)(%)pH1#∶∶=1∶0.2∶0.353.751.656.292#∶∶=1∶0.25∶0.2556.1545.486.323#∶=1∶0.4561.1834.986.443　3.1　3.1.1　总　氮TN,。,TN。,TN(2a)。。(20d),TN,,。3.1.2　有机氮3,,[6]。Org.-N(2b)TN,。3,10d,(55～60℃),4852　Fig.2　Changingcurvesofdifferentnitrogencontentsofmaterialincompostingprocess,。Org.-N。,,Org.-N。3　NTable3　Contentandratioofdifferentnitrogenofmaterialbeforeandaftercomposting　　　　　　　　　　　　　(%)TN(%)(%)TN(%)TN1.931001.82100NH+4-N0.00580.300.0261.08Org.-N1.91899.51.48791.9NO-3-N0.00660.230.1146.59　　:33.1.3　铵态氮(10d,),,,NH+4,NH+4-N,10d。,,,NH3,NH+4-N(2c)。(20～50d),NH+4-N,。,,NH+4-N,,NH+4-N,NO-3-N。。3.1.4　硝态氮NO-3-N。,,,NO-3-N。,(NH+4-N)。,,,40℃,[6]。,(3),(2d),NO-3-N(0.1%)。。,3#,,NO-3-N1#2#。,,,NO-3-N。,NH+4-N,。,NH+4。3　Fig.3　Changingcurvesoftemperatureofmaterialincompostingprocess3.2　,。:N-Loss=100-100×(100-VM0)×TNt(100-VMt)×TN0(1):N-Loss———,%;TN0———(),%;TNt———t(),%;VM0———,%;VMt———t,%。(1),4。,,NH3。,(25%～4910:35%)NH+4-N,,NH3,。。4　Fig.4　Changingcurvesofnitrogenlosingofmaterialincompostingprocess　　。3#(30.27%),:(1),NH+4-N,1#2#,NH3;(2)(),。1#(42.49%),NH3,。3.3　4。4,GB4284-84,,PdZn。4　Table4　Contentsofheavymetalsinsludgeandcompostingproduct(mg/kg)(mg/kg)(GB4284-84)(mg/kg)(pH6.5)(pH≥6.5)Cd1.3520Hg2.141.92515Pd6978.5301000Cr3202506001000As11.712.37575Cu205205250500Zn9109055001000Ni4738100200,,,。4　(1)Org.-N,NH+4-NNO-3-N。(2)NH+4-N,,,NH+4-N。(3)、VM、pH。、、VMpH。(4),,。(5)GB4284-84,,PdZn,。[1]KeelingA.A.,GriggithsB.S.,RitzK.,etal.Effectsofcompoststabilityonplantgrowth,microbiologicalparame-tersandnitrogenavailabilityinmediacontainingmixedgarden-wastecompost.BioresourceTechnology,1995,54:279～284[2]EklindY.,KirchmannH.Compostingandstorageofor-ganichouseholdwastewithdifferentlitteramendments.II:nitrogenturnoverandlosses.BioresourceTechnology,2000,74:125～133[3],,,..,2002,21(6):489～492[4]TiquiaS.M,TamN.F.Y.Fateofnitrogenduringcom-postingofchickenlitter.EnvironmentalPollution,2000,110:535～541[5]..:,2000.373～395[6]Sanchez-MonederoM.A.,RoigA.,ParedesC.,BernalM.P.Nitrogentransformationduringorganicwastecom-postingbytheRutgerssystemanditseffectsonpH,ECandmaturityofthecompostingmixtures.BioresourceTechnology,2001,78:301～308505