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,3,,(,100084):3SCF2RNA.SCF2RNA61251031134104PFUmL-121410214103PFUmL-1,,272145%99189%57184%93106%,.,.F2RNA,01651518PFUL-1.:;SC;F2RNA;;;:X703:A:025023301(2006)0120080205:2005201228;:2005203231:(20477021);(200422005):(1972),,,.3RemovalofColiphagesbyWastewaterTreatmentProcessesLIMei,HUHong2ying,ZHANGXue,SHENHuan(StateKeyJointLaboratoryofEnvironmentalSimulationandPollutionControl,DepartmentofEnvironmentalScienceandEngineering,TsinghuaUniversity,Beijing100084,China)Abstract:Theconcentrationsofsomaticcoliphages(SC)andF2specificRNAbacteriophagesineffluentofthreewastewatertreatmentplantsinBeijingcityweredetected.SomaticcoliphagesandF2RNAbacteriophagesinsourcewastewaterwere61251031134104PFUmL-1and21410214103PFUmL-1respectively,andthecorrespondingaverageremovalrateswere72145%99189%and57184%93106%bythewastewaterprocesses,andwhichwerelowerthanthatoffaecalcoliforms.Biologicalaeratedstageappearedtobethemostefficientstepinreducingthenumbersofphagesinwastewater,butnotobviouslyinsandfilter.TheresultofpredictedconcentrationsofenterovirusesaccordingtoconcentrationsofF2RNAbacteriophagesinwatershowthatthereare01651518PFUL-1oftheenterovirusesinfinaleffluent.Keywords:wastewatertreatmentprocess;somaticcoliphages;F2specificbacteriophages;enteroviruses;indicators;waterreclamation()[1].,.EPA[2].,[3].:SC(Somaticcoliphages)F2(F2specificbacteriophages)Bacteroidesfragilis.SCDNA,[4].F2RNA(F2specificRNAbacteriophages)RNA,,[5].3SCF2RNA,,.11.1(Escherichiacoli)CN(WG5)(Salmonellatyphimurium)WG49,,ATCC.1.2MSB:10g,3g,12g,NaCl3g,Na2CO3750mg,MgCl2016g,CaCl2876mg,1000mL,pH712.MSAMSB18g,ssMSAMSB9g.TYGB:10g,1g,NaCl8g,CaCl230027120061ENVIRONMENTALSCIENCEVol.27,No.1Jan.,2006©1994-2007ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.:5g,3g,10g,K2HPO4313g,KH2PO41g,NaCl715g,012g,011g,80mg,80mg,15g,H2O1000mL,pH713.2:1g,NaCl815g,1000mL.1.3.SCF2RNA(ISO1070522ISO1070521)[6,7].E.coliCNSC,MSA,ssMSA.S.typhimuriumWG49F2RNA,TYGA,ssTYGA.2.(362)412h,.(PFU).1.4M2TEC,,1mL,10mL,4524h,,(CFU).23ABC.A,B,CA2O,,,C.1.A:(A21),(A22),(A23),(A24),(A25),(A26)(A27).B(B21),(B22),(B23),(B24),(B25),(B26),(B27).C(C21),(C22),(C23),(C24)A:Cl2B:PACCl2C:A2OPACCl21ABC3Fig.1ProcessesofsewagetreatmentofthreewastewaterplantsinBeijing(C25).4,24h.33.1ABC3A,A1167104PFUmL-1.ABC3SC61251031134104PFUmL-1,F2RNA21410214103PFUmL-1,,SCF2RNA,[8,9].ABC321.SCF2RNA72145%99189%57184%93106%,A(991994%).Chung,AF2RNACSC[10].Jofre[11].3.2ABC3A,2,34.181©1994-2007ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.[10]1[11]2[11]SC99.8999.7372.4599.0399.99799.9995F2RNA57.8491.9093.06909999.999799.996899.994991999919999499199980ASC,104CFU(PFU)L-1,F2RNA500700.,2,,F2RNA1CFU(PFU)mL-1,,SCF2RNA991996%991924%961671%..,F2RNA.AF2RNA415,B217,CF2RNA413.,().B,414106PFUmL-1F2RNA,2000,F2RNA.SC,SC.ACSC99154%95113%,BSC98115%.(A77166%,B80115%)(C,85193%).F2RNA,A,F2RNA,93188%,,F2RNA61189%59150%.BF2RNA90112%,F2RNA60187%.C,98102%F2RNA,64173%34120%.,,C.ASCF2RNA,CSCF2RNA,[11].B2F2RNA.AB2,AF2RNA,F2RNA,.2AFig.2Concentrationsofbacteriophages,faecalcoliformsandpredictedenterovirusesinwastewatertreatmentplantA3,,C.,.2827©1994-2007ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.[12]:lg(y)=-0.98+0.931lg(x),yF2RNA(PFUmL-1),x(PFUL-1)ABC3(2,3,4),2122PFUL-1,163157PFUL-124195PFUL-1,0112PFUL-120PFUL-165160PFUL-1,(195315PFU/L)[13].1PFUL-11518PFUL-10165PFUL-1.1105[1],A1PFUL-1,HavelaarA.,,.,,[14],.(CWRC),(MS2)5log(991999%)[15],MS2F2RNA,CWRC,3.,,.4(1)SCF2RNA,72145%99189%SC57184%93106%F2RNA,.(2),.F2RNA,.:[1],.[J].,2003,20(4):197199.[2]EPA.Reportoftaskforceonguidestandardandprotocolfortestingmicrobiologicalwaterpurifiers[R].Cincinnati:USEnvironmentalProtectionAgency,1986.[3],.[J].,2005,21(2):2326.[4]MorinigoMA,DavidW,ChristineCJ.EvaluationofdifferentbacteriophagegroupsasfaecalindicatorsincontaminatednaturalwatersinsouthernEngland[J].Wat.Sci.Tech.,1992,26(3):267271.[5]IAWPRC.StudyGrouponHealthRelatedWaterMicrobiology.Bacteriophagesasmodelvirusesinwaterqualitycontrol[J].Wat.Res.,1991,5:529545.[6]Anonymous.Waterquality.Detectionandenumerationofbacteriophagespart1:EnumerationofF2specificRNAbacteriophages.InternationalOrganizationforStandardization,ISO1070521.Geneva,Switzerland,1995.[7]Anonymous.Waterquality.Detectionandenumerationofbacteriophages/part2:Enumerationofsomaticcoliphages.InternationalOrganizationforStandardization,ISO1070522.381©1994-2007ChinaAcademicJournalElectronicPublishingHouse.Allrightsreserved.[8]LipingP,MurrayC,MarkG,etal.EstimationofseptictanksetbackdistancesbasedontransportofE.coliandF2RNAphages[J].Environ.Int.,2003,29:907921.[9]SkraberS,GassilloudB,SchwartzbrodL