城市污水处理技术过去现在将来沈耀良

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:1,2,3,4(1.,215009;2.,215009;3.,215009;4.,215009):,--,,,、,,,、,,(LCA)。、,,。:;;;:TU992.3:A:2096-3270(2018)04-0001-13,,,、、、。,2013,302,3%,1%[1]。,3500,1.5m3,1%,,,[2]。,1kg0.26~0.325kWh/m31.924kWh/kg,,54%[2-3]。,。,,,。,100,、、[4-6]。,,、(GHG)、,。,9m3,,100050[1]。,10,,[7]。,(COD)200~600mg/L(),。CODCO230%~60%,40%~60%(,“”)。,235kWh/(·),60%~70%,[8]。,,(———————————————————[]2018-11-10[](51578353)[](1961-),,,,,,Email:ylshen@mail.usts.edu.cn。314()Vol.31No.4201812JournalofSuzhouUniversityofScienceandTechnology(EngineeringandTechnology)Dec.20182018()30%~60%),GHG,。1000,,,GHG[9]。,,()。,,、,[10]。,,、、、,“--”,,。1:1914,ArdernLockett,(BOD)(8~9h),[11-13]。1921,606,2h[14]。,()(HRT)。、、,,,HRT,。,、,“”“”[15]。,,(),,“(Preventionisbetterthancure)”[16]。,(SS),,,。1920,Imhoff[17]。1951,Ullrich(A/B)[18]。1977,B觟hnke,“”,“-”AB,[19-22]。、ASRTHRT、SSBOD()。1962,LudzarkEttinger(An/O)[23],2080,,,(PAO),A2/O(ANAMMOX)、(MBR)、(MBBR)[24-31]。、,、,。,,、,、,“、”。2:,,。,(、)。,、,。、,、、、,。Zeeman24Lettinga[32](AD),,、,、。、、,、。,、,、。2.1,。“”,[33-35],,,,,。100,(CAS),“”,,。,,,。,、50%~60%。(AD),70%,。,GHG。,AD,“”。50~55MJ/kg,。,COD5000mg/L,AD,[1,4,6,36]。,AD,90KJ/L,2.5L/L,86%COD,。,AD、、。、,()(NH4MgPO4·6H2O)[1,3,37]。,AD、。AD,“”。,AD,、AD、、[32]。,UASB、、、(HRT)(SRT)、。,、(EGSB)、(IC)、、(ABR)、,、[21,38-45]。,MBR,。,MBR(15~30℃)(55℃),,,,[46-47]。MBR(AnMBR),、,。,MBR(SAnMBR)[48]。2.2,CAS。::32018()、(GHG),,(AD)、(1)[1,3-4,7,49-50]。McCarty[36]2011,AD,CAS,100%、50%,(1(a))。“、、”,、,UASB[51]。N、P,。,,,。Verstraete[52]2009。,,、(),AD(10%),,(),、(1(b))。,,92%,(EF)。,Batstone[53](1(c))。MBR,,1  (a)  !#UF/RO$%&N’()*+$,-./012310%45MBR678*(c)9:)*;$%’(=0N%P%K4?@AB(b)OC)D,HECO)*FG(d)NHNHH(a)(b)(c)(d)44,、,。,COD600mg/L,。VanLoosdrecht[54]2014(),,“”(W2R)。,,AD、,,,(1(d))[55]。AnMBR、,,、(,0.2~1.0kWh/m3),、、、、[56-59]。CAS,SRTHRT,HRTSRT(700d),75kg/m3,UASB[60]。,,(PPB),“--”[61-62]、(SRB)(MPB)、,[1,3-5,24,63-64]。2.3、AD,,()。,,(),[50]。(HRAS)AD,()[7,48]。AB,[20-21],SRTHRT,A,(C-Redirection)(),COD,(80%)AD。,。2、[7]。,ABA,AD,,。(60%~80%)B,ANAMMOX()。2AB(HRAS)、::COD100TN100COD5TN1COD15TN85COD60TN15 C ::N:::ANAMMOXN:::::::::::COD28TN9::COD30COD2TN6COD25::COCOD2TN11::COD12TN90COD7TN65N:CO::::COD8TN14A:C :::B:::C:N::::::52018()CAS,A,C,AD,。B。、、SRT、。,UASB,ABR,、“”,,、(),[65-69]。3ABRMBRC-ABR/MBR。,ABR,、。,(VFA),()。MBR。MBR,,MBRABR,,[70-72]。,、,HRTSRT,,。,、[73-75]。3:,()GHG、、(),、,、。3.1/,、“”,“”、。“”,“”,,,,、、。,“”(WBC),4[3,76]。()()/“”(、),、、,,()。3C-ABR/MBR  NONABRMBR64,,(PAO)(GAO),。,(),,。,。。,41%,(TAG)(LCFA)[77-78]。C14-C18,。,。(LAO)。“”,LAO4。,,(),“”,“”、。,TAG,PHA(),TAG,。(PHA),。,PHA,PHA,,PHA。,PHA,。,PHA,,PHA(。PHA,PHA)(5h)、(77%)。,,PAOGAO/,()PHA,,PAOGAOPHA。,,PAO35%,GAO。,,。,,。、、、,。GAO。,(N、P),30%[52]。,。。,(MgNH4PO4·6H2O),。,100m31kg,,,[37,79-80]。4“”::PHA   PHA PHA   PHA !#$#72018(),(NAO),NAO,,。,NAO。,“”,、,,,。,,、。3.2,,,,,、,,、、,、(5)。,:(1)();(2)(、、);(3);(4)、;(5)(、、、)[81]。,,、、,,(6[82])。,(LCA),,、,,[1,83-86]。,10%,,[87]。,,,(/),,、。、AD(CHP),(Strass、SteinhofSheboygan)[82,88-89]。,COD400mg/L,,1.97kWh/m3[90]。,,、、,。、,GHG,,[91-92]。,、SRTHRTAnMBR、,[93-97]。56        !LCA84,、,、,。“”[98]。4、,,。,、、,,、,、、、,,,、,、。,、,,、、,,LCA,、、,、、、。,、N、P、、,、,、、,。:[1]NAISJADM.Lifecycleassessmentofwastewatertreatment[M].BocaRaton:CRCPress,2018.[2],,,.[J].,2018,34(7):70-74.[3]XUJ,LUOP,LUB,etal.Energy-waternexusanalysisofwastewatertreatmentplants(WWTPs)inChinabasedonstatisticalmethodologies[J].EnergyProcedia,2018,152:259-264.[4]SHEIKAR,MULLEREE,WILMESP.Ahundredyearsofactivatedsludge:timeforarethink,frontiersinmicrobiology[J].2014,5(47):1-7.[5]JENKINSD,WANNERJ.Activatedsludge-100yearsandcounting[M].London:IWAPublishing,2014.[6]CLARKRM,HAKIMS.Securingwaterandwastewatersystems:globalexperiences[M].NewYork:Springer,2016.[7]SANCHOI,LOPEZ-PALAUS,ARESPACOCHAGAN,etal.Newconceptsoncarbonredirectioninwastewatertreatmentplants:areview[J].ScienceoftheTotalEnvironment,2019,647:1373-1384.[8]RAHMANA,MEERBURGFA,RAVADAGUNDHIS,etal.Bioflocculationmanagementthroughhigh-ratecontact-stabilization:apromisingtechnologytorecoverorganiccarbonfromlow-strengthwastewater[J].WaterResearch,2016,104:485-496.[9]JINZ,GONGH,TEMMINKH,etal.Efficientsewagepreconcentrationwithcombinedcoagulationmicrofiltrationfororganicmatterrecovery[J].ChemicalEngineeringJournal,2016,292:130-138.[10]CHARTERM.Designingforthecirculareconomy[M].NewYork:RoutledgePress,2018.[11]ARDERNE,LOCKETTWT.Experimentsontheoxidationofsewagewithouttheaidoffilters()[J].JournalofChemicalTechnology&Biotechnology,1914,33(10):523-539.[12]ARDERNE,LOCKETTWT.Experimentsontheoxidationofsewagewithouttheaidoffilters()[J].JournalofChemicalTechnology&Biotechnology,1914,33:1122-1124.[13]ARDERNE,LOCKETTWT.Experimentsontheoxidationofsewagewithouttheaidoffilters()[J].JournalofChemicalTechnology&Biotechnology,1915,34:937-943.[14]PORTERJE.Theactivatedsludgeprocessofsewagetreatment-Abibliographyofthesubject[M].2rdedition.RochesterNY:GeneralFiltration::92018()Co.Inc.,1921.[15]TIDYCM.Thetreatmento

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