城市污水再生中的厌氧氨氧化生物脱氮新思路田智勇

Vol．1No．4July2011JournalofEnvironmentalEngineeringTechnology14201172011－04－072008ZX07208－0031978—[e-mail]*1967—[e-mail]1674－991X201104－0311－06121*21．1000122．100022－。TOCTNTP。－X799.3ADOI10.3969j．issn．1674-991X.2011.04.052ANewConceptofMicrobiologicalNitrogenRemovalbyAnaerobicAmmoniumOxidationforMunicipalWastewaterReclamationTIANZhi-yong1LIDong2SONGYong-hui1ZHANGJie21.DepartmentofUrbanWaterEnvironmentalResearchChineseResearchAcademyofEnvironmentalSciencesBeijing100012China2.BeijingUniversityofTechnologyBeijing100022ChinaAbstractUndertheconceptofcompleteflowschemeformunicipalwastewaterreclamationseveralpracticableprocessesofmunicipalwastewaterreclamationatpresentwereanalyzedandcontrastedbasedonthemechanismsoftwomicrobiologicalnitrogenremovalprocessesofnitrification-denitrificationandanammox．Atlastanewconceptofcompleteflowschemeformunicipalwastewaterreclamationwasputforwardwhichwouldmainlyremovenitrogenviaanaerobicammoniumoxidationprocess．ThenewcompleteflowschemeformunicipalwastewaterreclamationwasanefficientprocesswhichoptimizednotonlytheremovalofTOCTNandTPintherespectiveunittreatmentprocessesbutalsothenitrogenremovaloftherejectwaterinsludgedigestionprocessandthewastewaterinthesecondarytreatmentprocessesaccordingtodifferentwaterqualitiesandphysicalpropertiesofnitrogen-containingwastewater．Keywordscompleteflowschemenitrification-denitrificationanaerobicammoniumoxidationmicrobiologicalnitrogenremoval。1-2。。1TOCTNTPSS、、TN。1、、3。“－”13。1Fig．1Schematicdiagramofwastewaterreuseprocess1〔1a〕BOD5SSTPTN30～50mgL。2〔1b〕A2O。。－。3〔1c〕AOanoxic-oxic－－。4〔1d〕AOanaerobic-oxic－。、SS。－、、、。－2～5kg4.5～11.3kg4。。、、。22.1－。21Nitrosomonas〔1〕2Nitrobacter〔2〕。、N2〔34〕5-7。·213·4NH4++1.5O2→NitrosomonasNO2－+2H++H2O1NO2－+0.5O2→NitrobacterNO3－2NO2－+3H→0.5N2+H2O+OH－3NO3－+5H→0.5N2+2H2O+OH－4－2①～⑧－④⑤－。C5H7O2N－5～8。2－Fig．2Possiblemetabolicmechanismofnitrification-denitrificationprocess－NH4++1.86O2+1.98HCO3－→0.021C5H7O2N+1.04H2O+0.98NO3－+1.88H2CO35NO3－+1.08CH3OH+0.24H2CO3→0.056C5H7O2N+0.47N2+1.68H2O+HCO3－6－NH4++1.38O2+1.98HCO3－→0.018C5H7O2N+1.04H2O+0.98NO2－+1.89H2CO37NO2－+0.67CH3OH+0.53H2CO3→0.04C5H7O2N+0.48N2+1.23H2O+HCO3－8－AOA2OAOBardenphoRBCSBR。2.2AnaerobicammoniumoxidationAnammoxAnammoxNO2－N2H4NH2OHNH4+－NN2〔910〕8-11。NO2－NH4+17。NH4++NO2－→N2+2H2O+9NH4++1.31NO2－+0.066HCO3－+0.13H+→1.02N2+0.26NO3－+0.066CH2O0．5N0．15+2.03H2O10393①～④AnammoxNO2－NH4+N2HAO3⑤AnammoxNO2－NO3－CO2。1～2μmolLDO5～10mmolLNO2－912-14。μ=0.003h－111～30d55～97nmolmg·minTN3Fig．3PossiblemetabolicmechanismofAnammoxprocess1.0～8.9kgm3·d815-16。710·313·1NH4++0.79O2+1.11HCO3－→0.44N2+0.11NO3－+0.028CH2O0.5N0.15+0.01C5H7O2N+1.46H2O+1.03H2CO311Sharon－AnammoxCanonSharon－AnammoxCanon。2.3－1。1－60%100%70%～80%。、、－Anammox417-18－2～5kgSharon－Anammox0.75kg。Anammox。1－Table1ComparisonbetweentheAnammoxandconventionalnitrificationdenitrificationfornitrogenremoval－－－NO2－NO3－Anammoxgg3.1504.2501.810CaCO3gg7.07－3.577.07－3.573.9603.503.503.96VSSgg0.150.320.170.450.150.110.470.620.13BOD5gg01.7102.8600CH3OHgg01.5302.4700VSSTN〔gg·d〕0.011～0.0200.011～0.020—0.15～1.15〔kgm3·d〕0.005～0.0500.005～0.0500.63～1.201.00～8.90221～21～21～20～1+++pH3Anammox4。、。2Sharon－Anammox、CODCrCanon4Fig．4Completeflowprocessofmunicipalwastewaterreclamationincludingunitnitrogenremovalprocessofanammox·413·4。10.5～1.0gL15%～20%2Sharon－Anammox。30～37℃pH7.0～8.5pHHCO3－NH4+1∶1pHSharon1.2kgm3·dNH4+NO2－1∶1AnammoxN2。Sharon－Anammox419-20。、、Sharon－AnammoxCanon。Canon21-24。“－－”。SBRCanon。CODCr50～60mgLNH4+-N50～90mgLNO2－-N＜1mgLNO3－-N＜1mgLTP0.18～0.74mgL14.1～24.2℃pH7.65～7.79。AnammoxCanon。CanonCanon88%0.2kgm3·d。TOCTNTPSharon－Anammox90%TNCanon80%TN。4、。、－、、CanonAO80%0.2kgm3·d。1．2010R．2011.2．2009R．2010.3．J．200521989-91.4vanDONGENUJETTENMSMvanLOOSDRECHTMCM．TheSHARON-AnammoxprocessfortreatmentofammoniumrichwastewaterJ．WaterSciTechnol2001441153-160.5．J．200622982-85.6．J．2007331125-129.7．J．200330488-91.8STROUSMHEIJNENJJKUENENJGetal．Thesequencingbatchreactorasapowerfultoolforthestudyofslowlygrowinganaerobicammonium-oxidizingmicroorganismsJ．ApplMicrobiolBiotechnol199850589-596.9vandeGRAAFAAdeBRUIJNPROBERTSONLAetal．Metabolicpathwayofanaerobicammoniumoxidationonthebasisof15NstudiesinafluidizedbedreactorJ．Microbiology199714372415-2421.10SCHOUTENSSTROUSMKUYPERSMMetal．Stablecarbonisotopicfractionationsassociatedwithinorganiccarbonfixationbyanaerobicammonium-oxidizingbacteriaJ．ApplEnvironMicrobiol20047063785-3788.11RYSGAARDSGLUDRNRISGAARD-PETERSENNetal．DenitrificationandanammoxactivityinarcticmarinesedimentsJ．LimnolOceanogr20044951493-1502.12JETTENMSSTROUSMvandePAS-SCHOONENKTetal．TheanaerobicoxidationofammoniumJ．FEMSMicrobiolRev·513·11998225421-437.13KHINTANNACHHATREAP．NovelmicrobialnitrogenremovalprocessesJ．BiotechnolAdv200422519-532.14STROUSMvanGERVENEKUENENJGetal．Effectsofaerobicandmicro-aerobicconditionsonanaerobicammoniumoxidizinganammoxsludgeJ．ApplEnvironMicrobiol1997632446-2448.15SLIEKERSAOTHIRDKAABMAWetal．CANONandAnammoxinagas-liftreactorJ．FEMSMicrobiolLetters20032182339-344.16STROUSMGERVENEVZHENGPetal．Ammoniumremovalfromconc