城市雨水径流生态处理研究现状与进展刘章君

07（350）201107［］1009-2846(2011)07-0006-06，，，，（，430072）［］，。、、、、、。，。［］；；［］TV121［］B［］2011-06-02［］2010［］（1991-），，。2008。11.1、。[1-4]：，。，，，，，。，、、，、、、、，，、，，。，，，，，，；，，，，。，、[5]。1.2，，、。，，，。，。，，，。[6]。，，，，。，。，、，，，，，；，，。，6--DOI:10.15920/j.cnki.22-1179/tv.2011.07.022201107。。，。，，。，，，。，。2、，，，[7]。、2060，，，，(bettersiteplanning，BSP)(low-impactdevelopment，LID)[8,9]，“”(BMPs，BestManagementPractices)。USEPABMPs“、，、”[10]。、、、，，(EcologicalStormWaterManagement)，、，，、，、、，，，，。，，，，、、、。、、。：、、、。2.1，。，、、，，，。，，[11]。，，、。，。(Sheetflow)，，5％，20。，(CheckDam)。，，，。，。，，、，。，，BufferStrip[12]，。TSS95％，2％，60。，，N、P[13]。，SS87％-100％，P22％-89％，N47％[14]。7--CuPbZnPTKNNH4+-NNO3--NTN93999981687923432.2()。，，，，。，。，BMPs。，，，[15]。。，、、、。Barrett[16]，，TSS、、NO3-N。TSS、、NO3-N、Zn、Pb54％、91％、74％、73%83％。Schueler[17]，70％TSS、30％TP25％TN50%-90％。2.3(Bioretention)，(raingarden)。90BMPs。()、、、、、、。，，，，100—250mm；，，、；，60％—85％，5％—10％，5％。，250mm；、，0.5—1.2m。，。，10—5m/s；50mm，200—300mm。10mm，。，：、、、。(1)，、、、、，BMPs。[18]，86％TSS，90％TP，97％COD67％。，，，。，(LowImpactDesign)BMPs[19]。1（%）[20]：，，、、，、(10%—20％)。、、、。12×3×1.5m，0.5ha[5]。，3500—4000m3。，，；()；；；、；。2011078--2.4，、N、P，，。、、，。，、，、、，。、、、，，，，，[21]。，。Greb5670m2，87％。，0.02m／h，Cr、CuPb，[22]。，5％，90％(、)[23]。，，(Flowpath)，；、。，、、、，。、、、。，，，。24h，、。，[24]。，，。，，，，。，。2.5，、、、、，[25]。，，、、、。，。，，。Johannes[26]80％89％。Rochfort，39％、46％SS、50％[27]。Tilley[28]，(1000hm2)、(100—1000hm2)(10—100hm2)，2.3％—10.8％；0.2％—4.5％；0.1％—2.5％。[29]，。，，COD、TP、TN、SS69.0％—73.1％、82.6％—86.6％、89.0％—90.4％、64.7％—69.2％，。，，，[30,31]。，。，，。，，2011079--(%)TSS6050908080TN2510605040TP20205030302020905050(ha)(%)√√√√√√√√√√√√√√√√√2[2,33]。，，[32]。、、，、。33.1①。。2。②。，，。③。，，。④。。，，。⑤。。，。⑥。。3.2，，，，。、、，、，。，。、、。，。，，。、，，，，。4。，，。，20110710--，，。、、。、、、，，。，。，。，，，，、，，。，。□:[1].[J].,2003,29(17):99-100.[2],,..-,[3]./[D].,2007.[4].(BMPs)[D].,2008.[5],.[M].:,2006.[6].[J].,2009,(z1):216-220.[7],,,..,2004,18(3):133-137.[8]USWaterEnvironmentFederation,AmericanSocietyofCivilEngineers.UrbanRunoffQualityManagement.Alexandria,VA:WaterEnvironmentFederation,1998.[9]USCenterforWatershedProtection.Anintroductiontobettersitedesign.ThePracticeofWatershedProtection.EllicottCity,MD:CenterforWatershedProtection,2000.[10]BrownTC,BrownD,BinkelyD.Lawandprogramsforcontrollingnonpointsourcepollutioninforestareas.WaterResourceBulletin,1993,29(1):1-13.[11]HeftingMM,JeroenJM,KleinD.NitrogenremovalinbufferstripsalongalowlandstreamintheNetherlands:apilotstudy.EnvironmentPollution,1998(1),102:521-526.[12]TonyHFWong,FletcherTD,DuncanHP,eta1.Modellingurbanstormwatertreatment-Aunifiedapproach.EcologicalEngineering,2006,27(1):58-70.[13]MichelF,DassSB,GruikeEA,eta1.RoleofmanganeseperoxidasesandligninperoxidasesofPhanerochaetschrysosporiuminthedecolodzationofkraftbleachplanteffluent.ApplEnvironMierobiol,1991,57(8):2368-2375.[14]Haapala＆LinkoS.ProductionofPhanerochaetschrysosporiumligninperoxidasesunderVariouscultureconditions.ApplEnvironMicrobiol,1993,40(4):494-498.[15],..,2006,28(4):279-282.[16]BratteBO,BoothDB.Long-termstormwaterquantityandqualityperformanceofpermeablepavementsystems.WaterRes,2003,37(18):4369-4376.[17].[D].,2000.[18]FergusonBK.StormwaterInfiltration.BocaRaton,US:LewisPublishers,1994.[19]USEPA.Lowimpactdevelopmentdesignstrategies:Anintegrateddesignapproach.2002.[20]ShaWL，JennyYX，SamYZ，eta1．DevelopmentofastormwaterbestmanagementpracticeplacementstrategyfortheVirginiadepartmentoftransportation．VrginiaTransportationResearchCouncil，2003.[21]Jean—MichelBandRuperdY.StormwaterRetentionBasins.MinistryofPublicWorksFrance,2001.[22]GrebSR,BannermanRT.Influenceofparticlesizeonwetpondeffectiveness.WaterEnvironRes,1997,69(6):l134-1138.[23]YinCQ.Amulti-pondsystemasaprotectivezoneforthemanagementoflakeinChina.Hydrobiology,1993,251(1-3):321-329.[24]PerssonJ'WittgrenHB.Howhydrologicalandhydraulicconditionsaffectperformanceofponds.EcolEng,2003,21(4-5):259-269.[25]GreenwayM.Constructedwetlandsforwaterpollutioncontrol.processes.parametersandperformance.DevChemEngMinerProc,2004,12(5-6):491-504.[26]JohannesLaber.Constructedwetlandsystemforstormwatertreated.JEnvironSciHealth.2000,35(8):1279-1288.[27]FergusonBK.StormwaterInfiltration.BocaRaton,US:LewisPublishers,1994.[28]RochfortQJ．Field-scalestudiesofsubsurfaceflowconstructedwetlandsforstormwaterqualityenhancement.WatQualRes,1997,32(1):101-107.[29],,,..,2006,22(1):5-8.[30],..,2001,27(8):32-3．[31],..,2001，12(1):145-150．[32]JenkinsGA,GreenwayM.Thehydraulicefficiencyoffringingversusbandedvegetationinconstructedwetlands.EcolEng,2005,25(1):61-72.[33].[D].,2009.20110711--