臭氧氧化SBR工艺污泥减量效果与出水水质情况试验研究

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臭氧氧化-SBR工艺污泥减量效果与出水水质情况试验研究重庆大学硕士学位论文(学术学位)学生姓名:李顺指导教师:郭劲松教授专业:市政工程学科门类:工学重庆大学城市建设与环境工程学院二O一三年五月StudyonSludgeReductionPerformanceandEffluentWaterQualityofOzonation-SBRCombinedProcessAThesisSubmittedtoChongqingUniversityinPartialFulfillmentoftheRequirementfortheMaster’sDegreeofEngineeringByLiShunSupervisedbyProf.GuoJinsongSpecialty:MunicipalEngineeringCollegeofUrbanConstructionandEnvironmentalEngineeringofChongqingUniversity,Chongqing,ChinaMay,2013中文摘要I摘要活性污泥工艺在污水处理领域的广泛应用必将产生大量剩余污泥。剩余污泥产量大、处理费用高、易产生二次污染,它的处理与处置已成为污水处理厂一个令人头疼的问题。随着水体富营养化趋势的加剧,氮磷营养元素的去除已成为城市污水厂的重要任务。在实际的运行中发现,生物处理系统的出水水质会因污泥产率的降低,进水有机物浓度低而难于提高。论文采用臭氧氧化-SBR工艺,利用臭氧氧化破解污泥效率高、不易产生造成二次污染等优点,将臭氧氧化破解后的污泥再回流至SBR反应器中,一方面达到污泥减量的目的,另一方面利用破解污泥转化的有机物,去除污泥回流所带有的氮磷负荷,保持生物处理系统的出水水质。试验结果表明:①在臭氧氧化破解单元内,臭氧氧化破解污泥的效果稳定,污泥破解率维持在33.5%~36.2%。剩余污泥经臭氧氧化破解后,液相中COD、TN、TP的浓度迅速升高,且TN主要由凯氏氮构成。②相比于对照工艺,将臭氧氧化破解后的污泥回流至SBR反应器的停曝段后,污泥的SOUR值明显降低,活性污泥降解有机物的速率变缓,但将臭氧氧化破解后的污泥回流至SBR反应器的曝气段后,污泥的SOUR值反而增高,且在污泥回流量占剩余污泥量的比例为65%时,SOUR值增幅最大。③臭氧氧化破解污泥单元内的污泥破解率为35%左右,但整个组合工艺取得了较好的污泥减量效果。将臭氧氧化破解后的污泥回流至SBR反应的停曝段后,在污泥回流量占剩余污泥量的百分比为50%、65%和80%时,污泥表观产率降低了37.9%、69.1%和79.0%;将臭氧氧化破解后的污泥回流至SBR反应的曝气段后,在污泥回流量占剩余污泥量的百分比为50%、65%和80%时,污泥表观产率降降低了48.8%、50%和75.6%。污泥回流量越大,污泥减量效果越好。④相比于对照工艺,将臭氧氧化破解后的污泥回流至SBR反应器后,COD的去除效果受到的影响较小,COD出水浓度较低。但将臭氧氧化破解后的污泥回流至SBR反应器的停曝段后,TN的去除率开始下降,且污泥回流量越大,TN的去除效果越差;将臭氧氧化破解后的污泥回流至SBR反应器的曝气段后,TN去除率先是降低了7.5%和0.7%,后又升高了7.4%,TN去除率受到的影响较小。相比于对照工艺,将臭氧氧化破解后的污泥至SBR反应器的停曝段后,TP的去除效果普遍降低,但当臭氧氧化破解后的污泥回流至SBR反应器的曝气段后,在污泥破解量占剩余污泥量的百分比为50%、65%和80%时,TP去除率先是降低了29.7%和7.4%,后又升高了2.5%,污泥回流量越大,污泥回流对生物处理系统TP去除重庆大学硕士学位论文II效果的消极影响就越小。且在污泥回流量占剩余污泥量的65%时,系统对TP的去除效果最为稳定,TP出水浓度低。综上所述,采用臭氧氧化-SBR工艺,将剩余污泥量的65%进行臭氧氧化破解后回流至SBR反应器的曝气段后,不仅取得了较好的污泥减量效果,同时出水水质受到的影响较小。关键词:臭氧氧化,污泥减量,污泥回流,SBR工艺,臭氧氧化-SBR工艺英文摘要IIIABSTRACTThewidelyuseofactivatedsludgeprocessinthefieldofsewagetreatmentisboundtogeneratealotofexcesssludge.Withtheincreaseofurbanscaleandwastewaterflowrate,thisprocesswillgenerateanincreasingamountofexcessactivatedsludge.Astheamountofexcesssludgeishuge,thecostofit’streatmentanddisposalisveryhigh,besidesitiseasyforexcesssludgetoproducesecondarypollution.Therefore,sludgetreatmentanddisposalhasbecomeaheadacheproblemofsewagetreatmentplant.Moreover,asentrophicationbecomesseriousyearbyyear,theremovalofnutriment,suchasnitrogenandphosphorous,hasbecomeamostimportantmissionformunicipalsewagetreatmentplant.Inpracticaloperation,itwasfoundthatthenitrogenandphosphorousremovalefficiencywashardtobeimprovedduetolowsludgeyieldrateandinfluentconcentrationoforganicmatter.Inthisstudy,SBR-SOprocesswasadoptedtoachievetwoabjectives:thefirstwastoutilizethehighefficiencyofozonedisintegratesludgeratewhilewithfewsecondarypollutionproduceduringsludgeoxidation,andthesecondwastomaintaintheeffluentwaterqualitybyusingtheorganicobtainedfromsludgedisintegrationasacarbonsource.Resultsofthisstudyweredescribedasfollows:Inthesludgeoxidationunit,thesludgedisintegrationwaseffectiveandsludgedisintegrationrateremainedat33.5%~36.2%.COD,TN,TPconcentrationoftheliquidphaseincreasedrapidlyaftersludgeoxidatedbyozone,andTNwasmainlyconstitutedbyKjeldahlnitrogenandammonia.Comparedtothecontrolprocess,whenthesludgewasreturnedtotheanaerobicsectionofSBRreactor,activatedsludgeSOURreducedsignificantly,whichmeansthedegradationrateoforganiccompoundswasslowingdown.However,whenthesludgewasreturnedtotheaerobicsectionofSBRreactor,activatedsludgeSOURincreasedandwhenthereturnedsludgeamountaccountedfor65%oftotalexcessivesludge,activatedsludgeSOURgotbiggestincrease.Althoughthesludgedisintegrationratewasonlyabout35%,SBR-SOprocessobtainedagoodeffectofsludgereduction.WhenthesludgewasreturnedtotheanaerobicsectionofSBRreactorandreturnedslugeamountaccountfor50%,65%,80%oftotalexcesssludge,sludgeYobsreduced37.9%,69.1%,79.0%;whenthesludgewasreturnedtotheaerobicsectionofSBRreactorandreturnedslugeamountaccount重庆大学硕士学位论文IVfor50%,65%,80%oftotalexcesssludge,sludgeYobsreduced48.8%,50.0%,75.6%.Thegreaterthereturnedsludgeflow,thebetterthesludgereductionwouldget.TheremovalrateofCODwaslessaffectedbyreturnedsludge,andCODeffluentconcentrationwaslow.But,whenthesludgewasreturnedtotheanaerobicsectionofSBRreactor,theremovalrateofTNdecreased,andthegreaterthereturnedsludgeflow,theworsetheremovalrateofTNwouldget.However,theremovalrateofTNwaslessaffectedwhenthesludgewasreturnedtotheaerobicsectionofSBRreactor.Whenreturnedslugeamountaccountfor50%,65%,80%oftotalexcesssludge,TNremovalrarefirstlyreduced7.5%and0.7%,andthenincreased7.4%.Comparedtothecontrolprocess,theremovalrateofTPdecreasedaftersludgereturnedtoSBRreactor.However,whenthesludgewasreturnedtotheaerobicsectionofSBRreactor,thegreaterthereturnedsludgeflow,thesmallerthenegativeimpactofthereturnedsludgewouldhaveontheremovalrateofTP.Whenreturnedslugeamountaccountfor50%,65%,80%oftotalexcesssludge,TPremovalratewasfirstlyreduced29.7%and7.4%,andthenincreased2.5%.Besides,whenthereturnedsludgeaccountedfor65%oftotalexcesssludge,theTPremovalrateofSBO-SOprocesswasverystableandtheconcentrationofeffluentTPwaslow.Inaword,ontheconditionsofthesludgewasreturnedtotheaerobicse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