八年级英语：-非谓语动词专练

[键入文字]1一、教学内容：暑假专版（二）非谓语动词专练【具体教学内容】非谓语动词也叫动词的非限定形式，包括动词不定式，v-ing和过去分词。（一）动词不定式的用法：1.作主语：TolearnEnglishwellisimportant.Toeatvegetablescanhelpuskeephealthy.△动词不定式作主语时，可以用动名词替换。LearningEnglishisimportant.Eatingvegetablescanhelpuskeephealthy.△动词不定式作主语时，常用it作形式主语，而把不定式放在后面。It’simportanttolearnEnglish.Itcanhelpuskeephealthytoeatvegetables.2.作表语：MyjobistoteachEnglish.Hishobbyistocollectstamps.3.作宾语：动词不定式常用作及物动词的宾语，这些动词有：want,begin/start,like/love,forget/remember,learn/teach,decide,wish,hope,agree,plan等。Hewantstogohomeatonce.IbegantoplaythepianowhenIwasfour.4.作定语：Ihavemuchworktodo.Doyouhaveanythingtosay?Wouldyoulikesth.toeat?It’sagoodplacetohavefun.△这种不定式与它所修饰的名词有逻辑上的动宾关系。如果这个不定式是不及物动词，它后面就要有必要的介词。Thereisnothingtoworryabout.Hehasnoroomtolivein.Thedogiseasytotakecareof.I’dlikesomepapertowriteon.5.作状语：Icameheretoseeyou.（目的）I’msorrytohearthat.（原因）Tomistooyoungtogotoschool.（结果）Togettowork,hetakesNo.7buseveryday.（目的）6.作宾语补足语：宾语补足语是用来补充说明宾语是什么或怎么样。带宾语补足语的动词有：ask,tell,invite,allow,want,wish,encourage等。Lucyaskedhimtoturndowntheradio.[键入文字]2Mothertoldmenottocomehomelate.I’dlikeyoutomeetmyfamily.△在使役动词make,let,have和感官动词see,hear,watch等动词后的宾语补足语，其不定式的to要省略。而help后的不定式可以带to，也可以不带to。Couldyoupleasehelpme(to)dosomehousework?Ihearhimsingeverynight.Wesawherplaythepianolastnight.Itmademefeelsad.Lethimgo,please.7.“疑问词+不定式”结构：疑问词who,what,when,where,how,which等后接不定式，构成不定式短语，在句中作主语，宾语，表语等。Wheretoliveisaproblem.（主语）Doyouknowwhentostart?（宾语）Theproblemishowtousethemachine.（表语）Idon’tknowtodoit.（宾语）A.whatB.how（二）v-ing包括动名词和现在分词两种类型。一）动名词的用法：1.作主语：Seeingisbelieving.眼见为实。WatchingTVtoomuchisbadforyoureyes.Playingwithfire(火)isdangerous.2.作表语：Herfavoriteisreading.3.作宾语：Beforehavingbreakfast,Ihadashower.（介宾结构）Ilikeshopping.（动宾结构）Thanksforinvitingme.（介宾结构）4.作定语：It’sareadingroom.△runningstar,livingroom,eatinghabit,English-speakingcountry,Tree-plantingDay5.有些动词后只能跟动名词而不能跟不定式，这些动词有：①enjoy,②stopsb.fromdoingsth.（阻止某人做某事）③feellikedoingsth.想要做某事④godoing去做……⑤spend…(in)doing花费……做某事⑥Thanksfordoingsth.因某事感谢某人⑦havefun(in)doingsth.做某事很有趣/高兴⑧practicedoingsth.练习做某事⑨finishdoingsth.完成做某事⑩minddoingsth.介意做某事(11)bebusydoingsth.忙于做某事(12)giveupdoingsth.放弃做某事(13)can’thelpdoingsth.情不自禁做某事(14)havetrouble/problem/ahardtimedoingsth.做某事有困难(15)putoffdoingsth.推迟做某事(16)preferdoingto(介词)doing…比起……更喜欢……6.有些动词后所带的宾语既可以是不定式，又可以是动名词，但所表达的意义不同。（1）stoptodosth.停下来去做另一件事doingsth.停止做某事[键入文字]3Shestopped(talk)withmewhenshesawme.It’stimeforclass.Pleasestop(talk).（2）goon（继续）todosth.做完一件事后，继续做另一件事doingsth.继续做同一件事Hedidn’thavearestandwenton(work).Aftercleaningtheroom,wewenton(cook).（3）forget/remembertodosth.忘记/记着做某事doingsth.忘记/记得做过某事Iusuallyforgot(close)thedoor,butIremembered(close)itjustnow.（4）trytodosth.尽力去做某事doingsth.试着做某事Whynottry(do)itinanotherway?Healwaystriestofinishhisworkbeforedinner.二）现在分词的用法：1.Therearemanypeoplelyingonthebeach.（后置定语）2.Doyouknowthegirlwearingglasses?（后置定语）3.Isawaboycryinginthecorner.（宾语补足语）4.Canyouhearsomeonesingingoutside?（宾语补足语）5.Thesleepinggirlismydaughter.（定语）（三）过去分词的用法：1.作定语：IknowaboycalledTom.ThisisabookwrittenbyLuXun.Thetreesplantedbythemgrowwell.2.作宾语补足语：Iwillhave/getmyhaircut.我要去理发。△have/getsth.+v过去分词“让……被……”Weshouldgetthehousecleaned.【模拟试题】（答题时间：60分钟）一、单项选择1.Colorscanmakeushappyorsad.A.tofeelB.feelingC.feltD.feel2.Allofthemwantsth.foryou.A.doB.todoC.doingD.did3.Let’sstop.Iknowagreatrestaurantnearhere.A.tohaveamealB.tohavearestC.havingarestD.havingameal4.Rememberthebookintimewhenyoufinish.A.toreturn,readingB.toreturn,toreadC.returning,readingD.returning,toread5.Althoughhewasachild,hetriestofindwayspeoplelife.A.tohelp,enjoyB.help,enjoyC.tohelp,enjoyingD.help,enjoying[键入文字]46.Myauntenjoysinthecountryside.A.livesB.toliveC.livingD.live7.—Nancy,youmaylistentotheradio.Butwouldyoumind?Yourfatherissleeping.—I’msorry.I’lldoitrightnow.A.turningitdownB.turningitupC.turnitonD.turnitoff8.Weoftenseehimtheoldmanwiththehousework.A.helpB.helpsC.helpedD.tohelp9.It’sverynicepicturesforme.A.ofyoutodrawB.foryoutodrawC.foryoudrawingD.ofyoudrawing10.Ourteacheroftentoldusinthisriver.A.don’tswimB.don’ttoswimC.notswimD.nottoswim11.It’simportantthepianowell.A.ofhimtoplayB.forhimtoplayC.ofhimplayingD.forhimplaying12.Smokingisbadforyourhealth,you’dbetter.A.giveitupB.takeitoutC.givingitupD.lookitup13.Yesterdayhewasbusyforthemathtest.A.studiedB.studiesC.studyD.studying14.I’mtootired.Let’sstoparest.A.haveB.willhaveC.havingD.tohave15.OurteachermadeTomthetextafterschool.A.writeB.writesC.wroteD.wouldwrite16.TherearesomanykindsofMP4playersintheshop.Ican’tdecide.A.whattobuyB.whichtobuyC.howtobuyD.whentobuy17.Atschoolourteachersdoalltheycanuswithourlessons.A.helpB.helpingC.tohelpD.helped18.—Couldyoupleasesuchathingagain?—I’msorry,Iwont.A.nottodoB.notdoC.don’tdoD.notdoing19.comeandjoinus?A.Whydon’tB.WouldyoulikeC.WhynotD.Whatabout20.—Whataboutgoingtothestoresomefruit?—Thatsoundsgood.A.buyingB.buyC.tobuyD.isbuying21.—Wouldyoupleasethewindow?It’stoocoldoutside.—OK.I’lldoitrightaway.A.tocloseB.willcloseC.closeD.notopen22.—Ican’tplaythecomputer.Willyoupleaseshowme?—Noproblem.A.whatt