畜禽养殖废水灌溉对地下水影响的研究进展赵君怡

:1007-4929(2010)12-0013-03赵君怡1,2,刘鸣达1,张克强2(1.,110161;2.,300191)　　　:畜禽场排放污水中氨氮、总磷、BOD5、CODCr等浓度多超出国家排放标准,若随意排放或不加处理直接用于灌溉将对环境和人体健康造成严重的威胁。就畜禽养殖废水灌溉对地下水化学指标、生物学指标等的研究进展进行了综述,在此基础上展望了今后研究的重点。　　:养殖废水;地下水;化学指标;生物学指标　　:X523　　:B:2010-06-22:“”(2006BAD17B02);。:(1984-),,,。E-mail:[e-mail]。:(1970-),,,,、。E-mail:[e-mail]。　　,。,、。、BOD5、;[1];。35,、、BOD5、CODCr[2]。,,。,,,[3]。,、,。1　　　、,。、,COD85%～90%[4],N、P[4,5]NH+4PO3-4,,。,,。,50%[6]。1.1　,[7]。、,。。,,[8]。40,[6]。,、--[9]。,。,,N,N[10]。“”(NH+4、NO-3、NO-2)NH+4,,NH+4、[11]。NH+4,NO-3[12]。,-,,,,,[13]。13节水灌溉·2010年第12期1.2　,,、。,,[14,15]。,74.1mg/kg,P;P800kg/hm2,30d,P[16]。,,,[15]。,,,,[17]。-,[18]。1.3　,,。,[19],Na+Ca2+,,、[20]。,。,Ca2+、Mg2+,Na+[21]。1.4　-、,,,,[22]。149[23]。Barnes1847,81%。23%[24]。β-、、、、、。、,(85%)。,。,。[25]。Barnes()[26]。[27]。2　　　,、,、[28]。,250,,16[29]。,,,1×109/g。Haward1-2300cfu/100mL,(1≤10cfu/100mL;1,≤10≤50cfu/mL),[30]。、、,[31]。Dougherty,3558～4040cfu/100mL,34025～28401cfu/100mL[32]。,,[33]。、、,,,[34]。Barrington3,:,205～2050m3/hm2,SS、[35,36]。Sinton,,[29]。,,[37]。3　,,。,:3.1　,,。3.2　、、,、,14畜禽养殖废水灌溉对地下水影响的研究进展　　赵君怡　刘鸣达　张克强。,。3.3　、,、,。:[1]　,,,.[J].,2006,(1):13-15.[2]　　,,,.GIS[J]..2007,26():434-436.[3]　ManiosT,TsanisIK.Evaluatingwaterresourcesavailabilityandwastewaterreuseimportanceinthewaterresourcesmanage-mentofsmallmediterraneanmunicipaldistricts[J].Resources,ConservationandRecycling,2006,6(47):245-259.[4]　　,,.[J].,2009,40(6):1485-1488.[5]　RahilMH,AntonopoulosVZ.Simulatingsoilwaterflowandnitrogendynamicsinasunflowerfieldirrigatedwithreclaimedwastewater[J].Agric.WaterManage,2007,9(92):142-150.[6]　ChenJY,TangCY,ShenYJ,etal.Nitratepollutionofgroundwa-terinawastewaterirrigatedfieldofHebeiProvince,inriskassess-mentofwastewaterreuseongroundwaterquality,joopsteenvoorden(ed)[J].Red-bookofIAIIS:2004,285:23-27.[7]　StadlerS,OsenbrǜckK.Understandingtheoriginandfateofni-trateingroundwaterofsemi-aridenvironments[J].JournalofAridEnvironments,2008,8(72):1830-1842.[8]　LiuGD,WuWL.Regionaldifferentiationofnon-pointsourcepollutionofagriculture-derivednitratenitrogeningroundwaterinnorthernChina,agriculture[J].EcosystemsandEnvironment,2005,5(107):211-220.[9]　　,.[J].,2009,6(30):1602-1606.[10]　,,,.[J],,2007,29(8):622-627.[11]　　,.[J].,2002,13(3):313-320.[12]　,,.[J].,2006,(1):20-24.[13]　,,　,.[J].,2005,5(24):79-84.[14]　,,,.-[J].,2008,20(3):271-276.[15]　　,,　,.[J].,2009,28(3):518-521.[16]　,,,.[J].,2006,38(6):734-739.[17]　,.[C]∥:2009().2009:897-903.[18]　,　,,.[J].,2010,26(4):93-99.[19]　,　,,.[J].,2010,29(3):510-514.[20]　KassA,GavrieliI,YechieliY.Theimpactoffreshwaterandwastewaterirrigationonthechemistryofshallowgroundwater:acasestudyfromtheIsraeliCoastalAquifer[J].JournalofHy-drology,2005,1(300):314-331.[21]　　,,,.[J].,2008,3(6):54-56.[22]　　,　,,.[J].,2003,(6):48-56.[23]　,,.[J].,2009,2(33):160-163.[24]　　,,　,.[J].,2008,1(16):67-70.[25]　　,.(ARGs)-[J].,2008,8(28):1499-1505.[26]　KimberleeKBarnes,DanaWKolpin,EdwardTFurlong,etal.AnationalreconnaissanceofpharmaceuticalsandotherorganicwastewatercontaminantsintheUnitedStatesgroundwater[J].ScienceoftheTotalEnvironment,2008,9(402):192-200.[27]　,,,.[J].,2009,5(29):10-15.[28]　JaneLM,RichardDB,RogerJM,etal.Pathogensinlive-stockwaste,theirpotentialformovementthroughsoilandenvi-ronmentalpollution[J].AppliedSoilEcology,1995,5(25):1-15.[29]　SintonL,FinlayR,PangL,etal.Transportofbacteriaandbacteriophagesinirrigatedeffluentintoandthroughanalluvialgravelaquifer[J].Water,Air,&SoilPollution,1997,98(1):17-42.[30]　GuyH,StephenP,MikeB,MailN,etal.RiskfactorscontributingtomicrobiologicalcontaminationofShallowgroundwaterinKampa-la,Uganda[J].WaterResearch,2003,8(37):3421-3429.[31]　QuanrudDM,CarrollSM,GerbaCP,etal.Virusremovalduringsimulatedsoil-aquifertreatment[J].WaterResearch,2003,2(37):753-762.[32]　.[J].,2007,(3):59-63.[33]　DoughertyMC,ThevathasanNV,KortHLJ.NitrateandescherichiacoliNARanalysisintiledraineffluentfromamixedtreeintercropandmonocropsystem[J].2006,5(131):74-84.[34]　,,.[J].,2007,26(3):38-42.[35]　AliI,MorinS,BarringtonS,etal.Surfaceirrigationofdairyfarmeffluent,partI:nutrientandbacterialload[J].BiosystemsEngineering,2006,4(95):547-556.[36]　　,.[J].,2007,26(2):662-666.[37]　　,,　,.[J].,2008,(3):99-103.15畜禽养殖废水灌溉对地下水影响的研究进展　　赵君怡　刘鸣达　张克强