船舶温室气体减排措施及对我国的影响分析张爽

33320109中国航海NAVIGATIONOFCHINAVol.33No.3Sep.2010:2010-04-25:(1980),,,,,E-mail:[e-mail].(1956),,,,E-mail:[e-mail].:1000-4653(2010)03-0069-04张爽1,张硕慧1,李义良2(1.,116026;2.,066004):,(IMO),,IMO:;;;;:U675.86:AMarineGHGEmissionReductionMeasuresandTheirEffectsonChinaZHANGShuang1,ZHANGShuo-hui1,LIYi-liang2(1.InternationalMaritimeConventionsResearchCenter,DalianMaritimeUniversity,Dalian116026,China;2.HebeiMaritimeSafetyAdministration,Qinhuangdao066004,China)Abstract:Globalwarmingisoneofthemostseriousenvironmentalchallengestoday.AsrequestedbyUNFCCCandKyotoProtocol,IMOismakinggreateffortstoreducemarineGHGemissionaccordingtothecharacteristicsofin-ternationalshipping.Theinternationalnegotiationprocessongreenhousegas(GHG)emissionreductionisre-viewed.ThestatusandcharacteristicsofinternationalshippingGHGemissionsreduction,aswellastechnical,op-erationalandmarket-basedreductionmeasuresarepresented.SomesuggestionsaremadeonthebasisoftheanalysisoftheIMOlegislationconcerned,andpossibleinfluencesonChinasshipbuilding,shippingoperationanddemandsofprofessionalpersonnel.Keywords:waterwaytransportation;ship;GreenhouseGas(GHG);emissionreduction;influence,1979,;1992,154(UnitedNa-tionsFrameworkConventiononClimateChange,UNFCCC),199712,UNFCCC,CO26,19905.2%,,(InternationalCivilAviationOrganization,ICAO)(InternationalMaritimeOrganization,IMO),2009,,1船舶温室气体排放现状及特征1.1IMO2009,20078.7t,2.7%;,20502007150%~250%,,,,,CO230~70g(tkm)-1;20g(tkm)-11.21.2.1船舶温室气体排放具有不确定性,:(1),(2),,,,,,(3),,1.2.2船舶能源效率较高,,,,,,2船舶温室气体减排措施2.1,,30%;,,,,,,2.2,,,,2.3,IMO,,,3IMO的审议进程,1997,IMO,UNFCCC2000,IMO,(2009)2003,IMOA.963(23),(Ma-rineEnvironmentProtectionCommittee,MEPC)2005,IMOMEPC/Circ.471CO2,CO22009,MEPC59,2010,MEPC6019781973,MARPOL(Inter-nationalConventionforthePreventionofPollutionfromShip)73/78VI,7020103,,MEPC61;,MEPC60,,4船舶温室气体减排的影响4.1,,,,,,;,,4.2,;,,,,;,,,4.3,,,2070,;2005,,,,UNFCCC,,,,4.4,IMO,,5建议,,IMO,:1.,IMOMARPOL73/78,,,,,,,,2.,,IMO,,IMO,(),IMO3.,,71,:,,,,,,,4.,,IMO,UNFCCC,;,,,,,,,,6结语,25%I,UNFCCC,,,,,;,;,,[1]IMO,ReportofMEPC59[R].MEPC59/24,Lon-don,2009.[2]IMO,SecondIMOGHGStudy2009[R].London,2009.[3]AddressoftheSecretary-generalattheOpeningoftheFirstIntersessionalMeetingofGHGWorkingGroup[R].Oslo,2008.[4].[J].,1999(1):39-41.XUHua-qing.InternationalEmissionTradingofGHGs:AnalysisandRecommendation[J].Environ-mentalProtection,1999(1):39-41.[5],.[J].,2008(6):14-17.ZHANGShuang,ZHANGShuo-hui.MeasuresandtheirtrendsforReductionofGHGEmissionfromIn-ternationalShipping[J].ShippingManagement,2008(6):14-17.[6],.[J].,2008(9):60-63.ZHANGShuang,ZHANGShuo-hui.FrameWorkofGHGEmissionsTradingSchemeforInternationalShipping[J].ChinaMaritimeSafety,2008(9):60-63.[7]IMO,Interimguidelinesonthemethodofcalculationoftheenergyefficiencydesignindexfornewships[R].MEPC.1/Circ.681,London,2009.[8]IMO,Interimguidelinesforvoluntaryverificationoftheenergyefficiencydesignindex[R].MEPC.1/Circ.682,London,2009.[9]IMO,Guidanceforthedevelopmentofashipenergyefficiencymanagementplan(SEEMP)[R].MEPC.1/Circ.683,London,2009.[10]IMO,Guidelinesforvoluntaryuseoftheshipenergyefficiencyoperationalindicator(EEOI)[R].MEPC.1/Circ.684,London,2009.(68)OUYu-ming,ZHANGSh-ichao,XUZhang-yan,etal.Improvedapriorialgorithmforefficiency[J].Com-puterEngineeringandDesign,May.2004,25(5):846-848.[5].[D].:,2005.[6],,.[J].(),2007(S2):440-444.ZUQiao-hongCHENDing-fang,LIWen-feng.Dis-coveryaboutProductSequencePurchasePatternsBasedonAssociationRules[J].JournalofSoutheastUniversity(NaturalScienceEdition),2007(S2):440-444.7220103