垂直流人工湿地净化湖水的除磷研究余波平

:2011-02-11:(ERBIC18CT960059)。:(1981-),,,。垂直流人工湿地净化湖水的除磷研究,(,518001)　:将欧盟资助项目研究成果应用于实际工程中,以垂直流人工湿地净化湖水的应用工程作为研究对象,通过实例总结系统的除磷效能,考察垂直流人工湿地对湖水净化后水质维护效果与应用前景,检验参数的合理性,并分析相关原因。结果表明,两种功能的垂直流人工湿地均达到了设计的除磷效果,在水力负荷为1000mm/d～2000mm/d时,两系统的平均去除率分别为TP:27.3%和49.1%,磷酸盐:20.1%和34.8%。湖水经湿地净化后能维持较好的水质,TP能达到地表水III类标准。:垂直流人工湿地;湖水净化;除磷:X52　　:A　　:1673-9655(2011)03-0053-04　　,[1～3]。,,,。。,。1　、[4～7],1。1　,(PO43-、HPO42-、H2PO4-)、。,ATP,。。,。(PO43-),+5()。()[5,13]。(soilcolumn)(boundP)、[14]。:、。,,。、。,,(RNA、DNA、ATP,RNADNAATP,,[8]),。,Al3+、Fe3+、Ca2+。,Ca2+,,Al3+、Fe3+,。,Al3+Fe3+。,,。,;(),。,—53—环境科学导刊　　2011,30(3)CN53-1205/X　ISSN1673-9655DOI:10.13623/j.cnki.hkdk.2011.03.018,。。:;,()。3,、。(Ca(OH)2)、(Al2(SO4)3·18H2O)、(FeCl3)、(Fe2(SO4)3)、(FeSO4)(FeCl2),2。2　Ca2+,β-(Ca3(PO4)2)、(Ca5(OH)(PO4)3)、(CaHPO4)、(CaCO3)Fe2+(Fe3(PO4)2)、(Fex(OH)y(PO4)3)、(Fe(OH)2)、(Fe(OH)3)Fe3+(Fex(OH)y(PO4)3)、(Fe(OH)3)Al3+(Alx(OH)y(PO4)3)、(Al(OH)3),:=++,70%。,,。150∶1,。Brix[9],3～5g/(m2·a);,35%～75%[10],,TP40%[11]。,,,[12]。、Ca、Fe、Al,。,。,。,。:,74%[13]。2　2.1　,,,10.5m2,1000m,100m,1.5～1.8m,15m3。,。[14],1000～2000mm/d,,。,::80cm();:20cm0～0.5cm;:20cm2～4cm。20053。8150m2,2,:3　1121314(41、42)　　　　　　:　　　　　　:、5(51、52)::、6(61、62)::、24、5、9、10、11,1;6、7、82。4、5、9、10、111(0.9m);6、7、82。7181　　:1～312,。—54—环境科学导刊　　第30卷　第3期　2011年6月(1):,,,,1m3/d,7410m2。(2):(),,,,1000m3/d,740m2。2.2　3,《》()。2.3　TPTP2、3。TP0.242mg/L(0.085～0.700mg/L),0.101mg/L(0.038～0.260mg/L),TP0.173mg/L(0.060～0.500mg/L),0.081mg/L(0.027～0.200mg/L),TP27.3%(24.1%～32.5%)20.1%(13.0%～28.9%),,。—55—垂直流人工湿地净化湖水的除磷研究　余波平　　TP4～7。TP0.785mg/L(0.276～1.593mg/L),0.657mg/L(0.123～1.498mg/L),TP0.367mg/L(0.160～0.660mg/L),0.394mg/L(0.102～0.802mg/L),TP49.1%(37.0%～67.4%)34.8%(17.1%～50.0%),TP,,8～9,11,10,,,,。3　(1)1000mm/d～2000mm/d,TP:27.3%49.1%,:20.1%34.8%,10%[15]。(2),V～V,III。(3),。:[1]PFCooper,MBGreen.ReedBedTreatmentSystemsforSewageTreatmentintheUnitedKingdom:theFirst10YearsExperience[J].Wat.Sci.Tech,2005,32(3).[2]ScottWallace.AdvancedDesignsforConstructedWetlandsBiocycle[J].2005,42(6).[3],.[J].,2003,19(4).[4],,,.[J].,2001,25(1).[5],.[J].,2000,(3).[6],.[J].,1995,15(2).[7].[J].,2006,15(2).[8].[J].,2004,23(1).[9]HBrix.UseofConstructedWetlandinWaterPollutionControl:HistoricalDevelopmentPresentStatusandFuturePerspectives[J].WatSciTech,1994,30(8).[10]NMWang,JMWilliam.ADetailedEcosystemModelofPhos-phorusDynamicsinCreatedRiparianWetlands[M].EcolEng,2000.[11]JWBStewart,HTiessen.DynamicsofsoilOrganicPhosphorus[M].Biogeochemistry,1984.[12]KRReddy,DEMAngelo.BiogeochemicalIndicatorstoEvaluatePollutantRemovalEfficiencyinConstructedWetlands[J].WatSciTech,1997,35(5).[13]ADrizo,CAFrost.Physico-ChemicalScreeningofPhosphateRemovingSubstratesforUseIConstructedWetlandSystems[J].WaterResearch,1997,33(7).[14].[D].:,2006.[15].、[J].,2007,20(1).(60)—56—环境科学导刊　　第30卷　第3期　2011年6月thealgaebloomperiod.Thediversityofthealgaewasinvestigatedbydiversityindicesandspeciesrichnessindexandevennessindex.Thedominantspeciesandcelldensityandspatialdistributionwereresearched.Theresultsshowedthatthewaterqualityoftheriverismesotrophic,themaincategoriesofphytoplanktonareperidiniopsislem-mermannfromPyrrhophytaandchlorellafromChlorophyta.Thereare7classesand31genera.Ontheverticaldi-rection,thereisthehighestalgaedensityintheeighthsite,however,inthehorizontaldirection,thereareobviousstratificationchangeswithdifferentdominantspeciesindifferentlevel.Therewasthehighestcelldensityinthesur-face,thedensitydecreasedwithincreasingdepthduringalgaebloomperiod.Keywords:phytoplankton;structureofcommunity;analysis;Daningriver(56)PhosphorusRemovalinLakebyVerticalFlowConstructedWetlandYUBo-ping,PENGLi-xin(ShenzhenResearchAcademyofEnvironmentalSciences,ShenzhenGuangdong518001China)Abstract:SponsoredbyEuropeanUniteproject,researchofverticalflowconstructedwetland(VFCW)wascon-ductedtooptimizetheoperatingparameters.Theresultobtainedfrompilottestswasusedinthedesignofpracticalprojects,includinginawater-supplyVFCWandawater-cyclingVFCW,basedonwhich,theoperationaleffi-ciencywassystematicallyevaluatedthroughlong-termperformance.ResultsofappliedstudiesindicatedthattheperformanceofthetwoVFCWsperfectlysatisfiedoriginallydesignedpurposes.Theaverageefficienciesinpollu-tantsremovalbywater-supplyVFCWandwatercyclingVFCWwereTP:27.3%and49.1%,phosphate:20.1%and34.8%underthehydraulicloadof1000mm/dto2000mm/drespectively.Long-termperformanceofVFCWsgreatlyincreasedthelakewaterqualitywhichthetotalphosphorusmetorevenbetterthanthethirdlevelofthesurfacewaterqualitystandard.Keywords:verticalflowconstructedwetland(VFCW);lakewaterpurification;phosphorusremoval—60—环境科学导刊　　第30卷　第3期　2011年6月