垂直潜流人工湿地堵塞机制堵塞成因及堵塞物积累规律叶建锋

:1,2,1(1.,　200233;2.,　200092):,.,、,,mL18.23mg;,,,10～20cm;,;,,,.:;;;;:X703.1　:A　:0250-3301(2008)06-1508-05:2007-06-07;:2007-07-30:(863)(2003AA601020):(1976～),,,,E-mail:[e-mail]tical-FlowConstructedWetland:CloggingCauseandAccumulationDistributionCharacteristicsYEJian-feng1,XUZu-xin2,LIHuai-zheng1(1.ShanghaiAcademyofEnvironmentalSciences,Shanghai200233,China;2.SchoolofEnvironmentalScienceandEngineering,TongjiUniversity,Shanghai200092,China)Abstract:Inordertosolvetheproblemofclogginginthevertical-flowconstructedwetland,thereasonofcloggingandthedistributionruleofcloggingsubstanceinthevertical-flowconstructedwetlandwasinvestigatedfirst.Basedonthecorrelativityofaccumulationquantityandbanked-upwaterareaorlacunarateinconstructedwetlandsystems,theresultsshowthattheaccumulationofnon-filtermaterialsisthemainreasonofclogging.Thebanked-upphenomenonwilloccurwhentheaccumulationofnon-filtermaterialsismorethan18.23mginthepermillilitersubstrate.Undertheconditionofthisexperiment,thecloggingphenomenoniseasytotakeplacearoundcurrentoutlet,andaccumulationmaterialsmainlydistributeinthe10-20cmupperlayerunderwaterpipe.Inthesubstrate,theaccumulationdegreeofthatofnon-filterinorganicismoreobviousthannon-filterorganic,withthetrendofmigratingalongthewaterdirection.Theaccumulationoforganicandthedepthofsubstrateisnegativelycorrelated,i.e.deepersubstrate,lessorganiccontent.Theorganiccontentinthesurfacelayerofsubstrateishigherthanthatinotherlayersafterbankingup.Keywords:constructedwetland;clogging;cause;accumulationdistributioncharacteristics;vertical-flow　　2070,、、、[1,2],.,,,,,[3].,,,,.(USEPA)100,50%5a[4].,,[5,6].,,,,,,、,[7～12];,(),,29620086　　　　　　ENVIRONMENTALSCIENCEVol.29,No.6Jun.,2008DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.2008.06.013[13].,.[14～17],、、SS,.,,.1　1.1　5(A～C,D、E),1.5m×0.5m,1.4m,1.(120cm),10cm,2.5cm,,4m2.A～C(a、b、c)(d、e、f),a、b,cb,310cm;d,ef,10cm.D、E1～5,10、20、40、60、80cm(0cm).,1.d10、d500.25mm0.6mm,(Cu)3.2,1.27×10-2cms,0.45.1　Table1　Sizedistributionofgrainintheexperimentmm%56.545～1.2522.21.25～0.6317.710.63～0.31535.830.315～0.1615.790.161.931　Fig.1　Schematicdiagramofvertical-flowconstructedwetlandsystems1.2　,2.,A～D0.5m3(m2·d),66.5～136g(m2·d);E0.3m3(m2·d),39.9～81.6g(m2·d).2　mg·L-1Table2　Pollutantsconcentrationsofinfluentinthevertical-flowconstructedwetlandsystemsmg·L-1pHSSCODTPNH+4-N6.95～7.964～192133～3101.17～2.6613.0～39.77.31132251.7525.015096::1.3　1.3.1　:,200mL,[18],:(103～105℃)=+++(600℃)=+(0.45μm103～105℃)=+(600℃)=,(R2=0.92,n=92)[19],,、、.1.3.2　(n)0、10、20、40、60、80cm10mL(V),(ms),(1):n=e1+e=Gsρwρd-11+Gsρwρd-1=1-ρdGsρw(1),e;Gs;ρw4℃;ρd,ρd=msV,ms,V..,,,,,(2):Gs=msm1+ms-m2(2),m1;m2.2　2.1　2.1.1　、、3.3　Table3　Averagequantityofaccumulationandbanked-upwaterinthevertical-flowconstructedwetlandsystemsⅠⅡⅢm20.01170.09380.375mg·mL-123.1224.7421.26mg·mL-118.2119.3021.78mg·mL-18.747.988.34　　,,,0.996,p0.055(3),、(R20.5840.651).,(),:y=9.57x+18.23　(R2=0.9927)(3),y,x(m2).(3),mL18.23mg,.2.1.2　,4.4,10～20cm　　　　　　4　1)Table4　Lacunarateandcalculationparametersofsubstrateinthevertical-flowconstructedwetlandsystemsm3·(m2·d)-1cmmsmgm2mgGsn%013.0047.862.1740.011017.0051.342.6134.750.52019.3450.471.992.694016.5051.182.6738.276014.7750.072.6644.43014.9650.142.6343.201017.6952.082.7335.270.32016.1150.372.4434.104014.9950.252.6844.086014.9149.332.3235.681)V=10mL,m1=40.85mgL1510　　　　　　29,,[0.5m3(m2·d),20cm2.69%].、、、(+)(5),0.5m3(m2·d):y=5×10-6x+0.033(R=0.047)y=-1×10-5x+0.0034(R=0.127)y=2×10-5x-8×10-5(R=0.397)y=1×10-4x+0.0152(R=0.794)　　0.3m3(m2·d):y=-1×10-4x+0.0088(R=0.179)y=-1×10-4x+0.0071(R=0.135)y=3×10-5x-0.0017(R=0.452)y=0.0015x-0.0484(R=0.927)　　,().2.2　2.2.1　5　g·mL-1Table5　Averagequantityofaccumulationinthevertical-flowconstructedwetlandsystemsg·mL-1cm0.5m3(m2·d)0.3m3(m2·d)0～100.001360.002240.003600.008960.000320.005440.005760.0141610～200.000240.001680.001920.011440.000640.002880.003520.0048820～400.000240.004720.004960.013680.000400.001440.001840.0109640～600.000160.003120.003280.010080.000640.000880.001520.0118460～800.000060.001360.001920.010560.000240.000400.000640.007126.6,bc～f,,,.bc、ef,cf,.,13126　mg·mL-1Table6　Non-filtermaterialsdistributioninvertical-flowconstructedwetlandsystemsmg·mL-1b7.5016.4023.902.19Ac4.0015.4419.443.86e4.643.848.480.83f8.2412.8021.041.55b8.0019.6827.682.46Bc2.5614.0012.565.47e6.968.406.961.21f7.689.9217.601.29b4.2422.3226.565.26c2.8810.1613.043.53Cd3.3610.3213.683.07e5.1212.2417.362.39f2.0014.4816.487.241,1.21～7.24,,.2.2.2　7.7　mg·mL-1Table7　Organicmatterdistributioninvertical-flowconstructedwetlandsystemsmg·mL-1b4.507.5012.00Ac1.924.005.92e2.404.647.04f1.768.2410.00b0.488.008.48Bc0.562.563.12e3.046.9610.00f2.647.6810.32b2.004.246.24c2.402.885.28Cd5.443.368.80e1.765.126.88f4.162.006.16　　7,,15116::(2005-10-24～2006-02-04136mgL74mgL),,.,,,,.3　(1),.(2),,10～20cm;,mL18.23mg,.(3),,;,,,.:[1]　,.[J].,2004,5(6):71-75.[2]　DrizoA,FrostCA,GraceJ,etal.Physico-chemicalscreeningofphosphate-removingsubstratesforuseinconstructedwetlandsystems[J].WaterResearch,1996b,33(17):3595-3602.[3]　,.-、、[M].:,2004.[4]　USEPA.Constructedwetlandstreatmentofmunicipalwaste