次级河流水污染事件应急处置程序及环境损害评估技术路线

89环境工程学报Vol．8No．920149ChineseJournalofEnvironmentalEngineeringSep．2014121*2121．4011472．401147。。、、3。X703A1673-9108201409-3658-07EmergencyresponseproceduresandtechniquerouteforenvironmentaldamageassessmentinsuddentributariespollutionincidentsCaiFeng1LiXinyu2ChenGangcai1YangQingling2ZhouXianjie1WangJian21．ChongqingＲesearchAcademyofEnvironmentScienceChongqing401147China2．ChongqingEnvironmentMonitoringCenterChongqing401147ChinaAbstractWiththerecentdevelopmentofChineseeconomysuddenwaterpollutionincidentsfrequentlyoccurintributariesresultingadetrimentalthreattohumansandecologicalenvironment．Whensuddenincidentsofwaterpollutionhappenweshouldnotonlytakeeffectiveemergencymeasuresbutalsocarryoutenvironmen-taldamageassessmenttoinvestigatepollutionresponsibilityforreducingthepollutionandguaranteeingthatthedamagedenvironmentresourcesgetrecoveryandcompensation．Accordingtocharacteristicsoftributariesandca-sesofenvironmentalemergencyresponseprocessesinvariousprovincesweestablishedasetofemergencyproce-durestoresponsesuddenaccidentsoftributariespollution．Alsowereviewedthenecessitymethodsandtech-nologyrouteofenvironmentaldamageassessmentandthenbuiltthecausationchainincludingconfirmingdam-agedenvironmentalresourcesidentifyingthecontaminantsandtheirsourcesandestablishingexposurepathwayintheprocessofenvironmentaldamagewhichhasgreatmeaningfortheenvironmentaldamageassessmentinsuddentributariespollutionincidents．Keywordstributarypollutionemergencyresponseproceduresenvironmentaldamageassessment2012ZX07104-001CSTC2011ggB-200012014－02－132014－06－111984～。[e-mail]*[e-mail]、、、、、、。。、1-3。2009550t400m20105920116AM899320t20123500m2201359t。。4-8。。、、。11．1、、、、。、9910。1．2、、、、1。1Fig．1Emergencyresponseproceduresinsuddentributariespollutionincidents1．2．1切断污染源，截断环境污染途径、、。。1。1Table1Commonmethodsofcuttingsourcesofpollution、1．2．2查明和了解污染情况(种类、浓度、范围、程度)、、、、、、、、、。1．2．3加强环境应急监测力度GIS95638、、、。。1．2．4处置污染水体、、、、、、、。、2。2Table2Emergencymeasuresinsuddentributariespollutionincidents、、、、。GB3838-2002、GB8978-1996、GB5084-1992、1．2．5后续处置及水质评估。GB3838-2002、GB8978-1996GB5084-1992、、、11。。22．1。12。06639、2011《》201160《》I《》201379、《》201385《》20143。、、、13。。2．212。、。《》I、、、、、、。2．2．1基础资料收集、、、、、、、、。、、、。2．2．2应急监测结果分析。、、、、。。。2．2．3访谈调查、、、、、。2．2．4现场勘查、。2．2．5损害监测、。。、、。。。ISO、EPAJIS。2．2．6环境损害评估技术路线2。166382Fig．2Technologyrouteofenvironmentaldamageassessment2．32．3．1评估依据、、、、14。、。、3。2．3．2确认损害对象。、、、、、、。、、。3。2．3．3识别污染源和污染物2。266393、Fig．3Existingdomesticenvironmentaldamageassessmenttechniquesmethodsguidelinesandrelevantregulations3Table3Standardsforconfirmingdamagedenvironmentalresources、、。、、15。2．3．4建立并验证暴露途径。。、、、、、、、。、、、、。4。31、、、。2、、、、、、366384Fig．4Sketchmapoftheexposurepathwayintributariespollutionincidents。1．2000-2011．2013134284-286AiHengyuLiuTongwei．Statisticalreviewofthemajorunexpectedwatercontaminationincidentsathomeintheperiodfrom2000to2011．JournalofSafetyandEnviron-ment2013134284-286inChinese2．．2012ZhangLifeng．Waterpollutionpreventionstrategiesforriv-ersofheavypollutionaccidentoccurredfrequentlyinChi-na．HefeiMaster’sDegreeThesisofHefeiUniversityofTechnology2012inChinese3XiaojianZhangChaoChen．Emergencydrinkingwatertreatmentinsourcewaterpollutionincident-technologyandpracticeinChina．FrontiersofEnvironmentalScience＆EngineeringinChina200933364-3684．．2013212203-213TaoYaＲenHuatangXiaJianxin．Effectanalysisofdifferente-mergencymeasuresforaccidentalwaterpollution．JournalofBas-icScienceandEngineering2013212203-213inChinese5．．20136．．201339124-32ZhangXiaojianChenChaoMiZilongetal．Emergentcadmi-umremovaltechnologyfordrinkingwaterandmeasuresforen-vironmentalaccidentinGuangxiLongjiangheＲiver．Water＆WastewaterEngineering201339124-32inChinese7．ACF．200828122554-2561QueF．Y．ZengK．M．LiX．D．ＲemovalofphenolfromariverbyadsorptionontoactivatedcarbonfiberACF．ActaSci-entiaeCircumstantiae200828122554-2561inChinese8ZhangXiaojianChenChaoLinPengfeietal．Emergencydrinkingwatertreatmentduringsourcewaterpollutionacci-dentsinChinaOriginanalysisframeworkandtechnologies．EnvironmentalScience＆Technology2010451161-1679．．．20082008．625-63010．．201335683-86WangWeiWangJinshengTengYanguoetal．Compari-sonsonlegislationexperiencesofsuddenwaterpollutionincidentbetweenhomeandabroad．EnvironmentalPollu-tion＆Control201335683-86inChinese11．．201319426-29HuWen．Discussionontheenvironmentalaccidentsdis-posal．EnvironmentalProtectionandTechnology201319426-29inChinese12．．20133451653-1666ZhangHongzhenCaoDongYuFangetal．EnvironmentaldamageassessmentInternationalregulationsandrevela-tiontoChina．EnvironmentalScience20133451653-1666inChinese13．．200820212-15HouYuZhengPengkaiZhangTianzhu．Systematicanaly-sisonthedamageofsuddenwaterpollutionincident．Ad-ministrationandTechniqueofEnvironmentalMonitoring200820212-15inChinese14．．20131138-4715．．·2012228172-176TangXiaoqingZhangTianzhu．Keytoenvironmentaldam-ageCausalityjudgment．ChinaPopulation·ＲesourcesandEnvironment2012228172-176inChinese4663