大宝山矿区农田土壤重金属污染及其植物累积特征

土壤(Soils),2017,49(1):141–149–(U1201234)(21347003)(S2011010003356)*([e-mail])(1990)E-mail:[e-mail]大宝山矿区农田土壤重金属污染及其植物累积特征①*(510006)CdPbCuZnMn5CdPbCuZn1.75~10.51MnCdCuZnPbMnCuZnCdPbpH5Cd425CuZn(NY861-2004)PbCdX53A[1–3]CdPbCu[4][5–8][9–12][13–15][16–17]CdPbCuMnZn511.1113°40′~113°43′E24°30′~24°36′N2()2(1)()滃2滃20062200614249(1)01028010220304200605(1)(0103)(04)(02)[phone](0~20cm)51kg1kg10100(01020304)0102010210030420105℃30min1mm1.31.3.1pH(︰=2.5︰1)1.3.2HNO3-HF-HClO4Tessier[18]81HNO3-HClO4CdPbCuMnZn(ICP-AES)GBW07405GBW10045GBW100145%22.122(0103)pH0103pH3.143.57(02)1143(pH7)25℃2h4000r/min20min5ml28ml1mol/LCH3COONH42h(1)38ml1mol/LNaAcHAcpH5.5~5.95h(1)420ml0.1mol/LNH2OHHClpH25%HAc2~330min(1)55ml30%H2O23ml0.02mol/LHNO3(85±2)℃2h3ml30%H2O21h5mlNH4Ac(3.2mol/L)20%HNO330min(1)610ml0.2mol/L(NH4)2C2O40.2mol/LH2C2O4pH3.254h(1)725ml0.2mol/L(NH4)2C2O40.2mol/LH2C2O4pH3.25(96±3)℃30min(1)850ml50ml表2土壤基本理化性质Table2Physicochemicalpropertiesofsoils(g/kg)pH(g/kg)013.1447.9481.0219.0300.0024.5819.6528.0230.2241.8033.579.9467.0288.0245.0045.6917.6627.0182.0191.0055.589.1623.0171.5205.5(04)pHpH05pH5.5859.1~47.9g/kg01550%0420%2.2(0103)(02)(04)(05)452CuZnCdPb50103020405CdPbCuZn1.75~10.513CuZnCd(GB15618–1995)Cd2CuZnPbPb2(241.70mg/kg)(115.73mg/kg)CuZnCdPb[19]pH33pH5.23pH7.54CdPbCuZnMnPb25Mn[20]14449及其重金属含量(μg/L)Table3ThepHandheavymetalconcentrationsofirrigationwaterpHCdPbCuZnMn7.540.911.5612.181874395.2364.26260.6350.7320652162图2农田土壤重金属含量Fig.2HeavymetalcontentsinagriculturalsoilsMnMn2.3SPSS10.05pHPearson4CdCuZnPb(P0.01P0.05)(AsHgCd)CdCuZnPbMnCuZnCdPb(P0.05)[21]MnCuPbZnCd[22]MnMn(Cu-MnO2)4pHCdCuZn(P0.05)Mn(P0.01)pHCdCuZnMn(P0.05)CdCuZnCdCuZn(P0.05)PbMnCdPbCuZnMn(P0.01)Mn[23–24]CdPbCuZn表4土壤重金属含量与pH、有机质以及机械组成之间的相关系数(n=15)Table4Pearsoncorrelationcoefficientsamongsoilheavymetals,pH,organicmatterandmechanicalcompositionCdPbCuMnZnpHCd1Pb0.6651Cu0.999**0.6801Mn–0.866–0.902*–0.881*1Zn0.981**0.6490.987**–0.8751pH–0.920*–0.830–0.929*0.977**–0.904*10.8100.1190.803–0.4880.829–0.5941–0.797–0.869–0.8140.978**–0.7990.968**–0.42210.4650.913*0.492–0.8440.490–0.746–0.031–0.87510.947*0.5870.947*–0.8480.918*–0.935*0.801–0.8440.4791**P0.01*P0.051145[25]Cd520%PbCuZnMn10%5Cd[26]4CdCd401Cd[27]Cd4[28]01030204CdpHpHCd2+H+CdCd[29]CdCdCdCd14649[30]Mn2.65010203043CuZnCdPbMnMn4[31]CuZnCdPb3501025CuZnCuZnCuZn0304CuZnNY861-2004(Cu10mg/kgZn50mg/kg)1147植物各部位重金属的含量(mg/kg)Table5HeavymetalconcentrationsinvariouspartsofplantsCdPbCuZnMn0.27±0.0229.15±0.6626.24±1.1958.39±5.9473.55±4.14(01)0.72±0.01235.75±7.47630.32±4.56178.51±7.79102.18±3.920.21±0.029.54±4.3311.67±2.3546.55±3.78258.33±10.34(02)1.77±0.25321.54±56.06343.01±62.13170.21±34.61232.54±38.036.62±0.249.91±0.0310.26±0.45133.01±11.45627.12±13.1910.85±0.14328.61±0.80186.30±16.86244.88±3.94124.31±15.76(03)1.33±0.0722.16±0.596.95±0.0339.49±3.5028.70±1.441.64±0.017.50±1.5119.21±1.52109.31±5.07492.44±18.785.34±0.37236.75±7.58179.78±4.43234.16±6.04176.08±3.89(04)0.43±0.0217.87±1.305.34±0.8536.12±2.2219.25±1.11:±(03)PbCd(04)03Cd043.090304Cd(3)0304PbCdNY861-2004(Pb0.4mg/kgCd0.2mg/kg)Pb030454.4243.67Cd5.651.15PbCdCd31)2pH3.143.57pH2)CdCuZnPbMnCuZnCdPbCuZnCdPbMn3CuZnCd(GB15618-1995)Cd22Pb(241.70mg/kg)(115.73mg/kg)3)5Cd2CdCuZnMn14)MnCuZnCdPb5(04)(03)CuZn0304(NY861-2004)0304PbCd54.4243.675.651.155)[1],,,.[J].,2012,31(6):1097–1103[2],,,.[J].,2013,40(2):636–643[3],,,.[J].,2014,33(8):1231–1238[4],,,.[J].,2013,45(6):1028–1035[5],,,.[J].,2013,45(6):1036–104714849[6],,.[J].,2012,33(1):266–272[7],,,.[J].,2009,29(5):1094–1101[8]ZhouJM,DangZ,CaiMF,etal.SoilHeavyMetalPollutionAroundtheDabaoshanMine,GuangdongProvince,China[J].Pedosphere,2007,17(5):588–594[9],,,.[J].(),2009,48(4):125–136[10],,,[J].,2006,26(1):76–84[11]LiuY,LinC,MaY,etal.ToxiceffectsoftwoacidsulfatesoilsfromtheDabaoshanMineonCorymbiacitriodoravarvariegataandDaphniacarinata[J].JournalofHazardousMaterials,2009,166(30):1162–1168[12]WuQH,WangSZ,ThangavelP,etal.PhytostabilizationPotentialofJatrophaCurcasL.inPolymetallicAcidMineTailings[J].InternationalJournalofPhytoremediation,2011,13:788–804[13]ZhuangP,MurrayB.McBride,XIAHP,etal.HealthriskfromheavymetalsviaconsumptionoffoodcropsinthevicinityofDabaoshanmine,SouthChina[J].ScienceoftheTotalEnvironment,2009,407(5):1551–1561[14]ZhaoHR,XiaBC,FanC,etal.HumanhealthriskfromsoilheavymetalcontaminationunderdifferentlandusesnearDabaoshanMine,SouthernChina[J].ScienceoftheTotalEnvironment,2012,417/418:45–54[