氮肥行业水污染物排放调查与分析方玮

:2007-12-20:(1967-),,,,。方　玮1,宫素云1,王小留1,谢国红2,石明旺2(1.,471000;2.,453003):氮肥生产属重污染行业,生产过程中排出大量含有氨氮和其它污染因子的废水,对水体环境造成很大危害。COD和NH3-N是与污染有关的重要参数。为此,我们对洛阳地区3家氮肥生产企业污水排放情况进行了研究与分析,并提出了排放污水的标准和治理建议。:氮肥;COD;NH3-N:X502　　　:A　　　:1673-6060(2008)01-0050-04InvestigationandAnalysisofSewageWaterEmissionsofNitrogenFertilizerIndustriesFangWei1,etal.(1.EnvironmentalMonitoringDetachmentofLuoyangCity,Luoyan471000,China)Abstract:NitrogenousFertilizerIndustryisheavilypollutingindustries,theproductionprocessfromalargenumbercon-tainingammoniaandotherwastewater,whichcontainingammoniaandotherwastewaterpollutionfactor,maycausegreatharmonthewaterenvironment.Forthisreason,thiscompositionismainlyaboutsewageemissionof3NitrogenousFertiliz-erIndustriesandusingthemethodtocarryonsystematicresearchoftheproduction.Thepollutantsofconcerninthisre-gion,whichareeligiblefortrading,mainlyincludebothchemicaloxygendemand(COD)andammonia-nitrogen(NH3-N).Finally,thediscussionandsuggestiononemissionstandardofsewagewasgiven.Keywords:NitrogenousFertilizer;chemicaloxygendemand(COD);ammonia-nitrogen(NH3-N)　　,。,。,,[1-2]。,3。1　研究对象与方法8t3。:JM、SD、MJ。10t,10t,8t,。1.2　、、()。,,17000kcal.1.2.1　产氨方法　JM,SD,MJ,,。t,t。,,t。:2NH3+CO2=(NH2)2CO+H2O,1t:1.76tNH3+CO2+H2O=NH4HCO3,1t:4.6t.t,,1.76;,t,,4.6。1.2.2　水污染调查　JM50第36卷　第1期Vol.36　No.1河南科技学院学报(自然科学版)JournalofHenanInstituteofScienceandTechnology2008年3月Mar.2008、、,、、、。、、,。,。,,,,,。SDJM,:,,,,96%,。MJ,,。,,,,,,,。。2　结果与分析、、(),:2.1　,,,。、,1,2.1　　(mg/L)NH3-NCODCN-SSJM5683503182668.162.981681100.3910.174SD8126936365337.622.102541670.8650.654MJ2501932962269.434.51225690.1550.0102　　(%)NH3-NCODCN-SSJM3816633455SD1416683424MJ23245268942.2　。JMSD,MJ,,3.3　、　(mg/L)(%)JM5.603.9929SD9.156.3331MJ4.042.3　JM、,SD,45。4　JM　(mg/L)NH3-N(%)COD(%)SS(%)JM5.70×10483895.52.89×10310596.431815052.85　SD　(mg/L)NH3-N(%)COD(%)SS(%)SD1500821798.524859.676781975.62.4　MJ,6.　　JMMJ,SD,7.6　MJ(mg/L)NH3-NCODSSMJ3448.83251　　　　　　　　　　　　方　玮,等:氮肥行业水污染物排放调查与分析　　　　　　　　　　第1期7　　(mg/L)SSNH3-NCODCN-JM2641531.6177.150.2630.003922643.173364.950.077SD591481.141821.200.040(%)364464467648MJ2115.90.3836.80.2170.0032.5　::2NH3+CO2=(NH2)2CO+H2O,1t567kg.(1)JM:,1t598kg,598-567=31kg,,。1t,:51.8kg.(2)SD:,1t590kg,590-567=23kg,,。1t,39.7kg.::NH3+CO2+H2O=NH4HCO3,1t215kg.(3)MJ:,1t231kg,231-215=16kg,,。1t,:69.3kg.3　结论与分析3.1　,,,t(),1.9～2.1t。t()1.9～2.1t.“”,,8:8　(t/t)(7000kcal/kg)(6500kcal/kg)(6000kcal/kg)(5500kcal/kg)(5000kcal/kg)(4500kcal/kg)1.9～2.12.0～2.32.2～2.52.4～2.72.7～2.93.0～3.3　　,、,,。t5500～6000kcal/kg0.25～0.90t。3.2　:JMSD,1,,t,550-570t(JM63.9+495.2=559.1t,SD22.5+540=562.5t)。550～570t/t。。SD,;JMMJ,。,SD,,,96%,t22.5t,JM,。:MJ,,t346t(94t,252t)。:,,。,JMt51.1t,SDt3.6t,MJt80t.,SD,,,;,,,。,,3～5t/t;,,50～80t/t。9.9　tNH3-Nmg/Lkg/t＊CODmg/Lkg/t＊CN-mg/Lkg/t＊mg/Lkg/t＊mg/Lkg/t＊SSmg/Lkg/t＊JM1537.8277.23.940.2630.0131.610.0820.0030.1526413.49SD1480.5331820.6551.200.0041.140.0040.0400.14590.212MJ15.91.2736.82.940.2170.0170.380.030.0030.24211.68　　＊tNH3。522008年　　　　　　　　　　　　　　河南科技学院学报(自然科学版)　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　NH3-N:NH3-N,9,NH3-N,,,NH3-N,200～850mg/L,NH3-N[3]。9,JMSDNH3-N,,,,,tNH3-N。,NH3-Nt,,,,NH3-N,,,,SD,NH3-N150mg/l,t3.5kg.,SD,,,,[4]。,CODt,。6,COD180mg/L,t3.5kg.CN-1.2mg/L,t0.02kg.,,,t,,,5.0mg/l,t0.25kg.,[5],[6]。,,t,,,0.1mg/L,t0.001kg.:[1]　,.、[J].,2002(23):16-18.[2]　S.C.AyazandL.Akca.Treatmentofwastewaterbynat-uralsystems[J].EnvironInt,2001(26):189-95.[3]　T.Manios,E.I.Stentiford,andP.A.Millner.There-movalofNH3-Nfromprimarytreatedwastewaterinsub-surfacereedbedsusingdifferentsubstrates[J].JEnvironSciHealthAToxHazardSubstEnvironEng,2002(37):297-308,.[4]　C.M.Kao,K.F.Chen,Y.L.Liao,andC.W.Chen.WaterqualitymanagementintheKaopingRiverwatershed,Taiwan[J].WaterSciTechnol,2003(47):209-16.[5]　.[J].,2003(31):1-3.[6]　,.[J].,2005(28):70-71.(责任校对:刘明)53　　　　　　　　　　　　方　玮,等:氮肥行业水污染物排放调查与分析　　　　　　　　　　第1期